Develop Reference

Can someone figure out my encryption secret and iv if they have payload and encrypted string?

I use crypto by node.js to encode and decode payloads
just fyi here is how i do it:
export const encode = (payload) => {
const cipher = crypto.createCipheriv('aes-256-cbc', env.SECRET, env.IV);
const encyptedString = cipher.update(JSON.stringify(payload), 'utf-8', 'hex') + cipher.final('hex');
return encyptedString;
};
export const decode = (encyptedString) => {
const decipher = crypto.createDecipheriv(
'aes-256-cbc',
env.SECRET,
env.IV,
);
const decryptedValue = decipher.update(encyptedString, 'hex', 'utf-8') + decipher.final('utf-8');
return JSON.parse(decryptedValue);
};
now, if someone has access to both the payload object and encrypted string would they be able to figure out my env.SECRET and env.IV?

No it's not possible to determine by just payload object and encrypted string unless you use a very simple secret and iv like 123456789 in such case it will be pretty easy to figure it out by brute force.

Not able to decrypt the encryptedValue using crypto

I am trying to decrypt a value (encrypted in des) coming from VB.
When I try to decrypt the encryptedValue using crypto in Javascript the output gives me an empty value.
I have attached how the encryption was done in VB.
HOW I AM TRYING TO DECRYPT IN JAVASCRIPT
var CryptoJS = require("crypto-js");
var key = "peekaboo";
var encryptedValue = "50AznWWn4fJI19T392wIv/ZysP/Ke3mB";
encryptedValue = CryptoJS.enc.Base64.parse(encryptedValue);
var data = CryptoJS.DES.decrypt(encryptedValue, key, { iv: "cbauthiv" });
const email = data.toString(CryptoJS.enc.Utf8);
console.log(email, "ORIGINAL TEXT");
THE WAY IT IS ENCRYPTED IN VB
Imports System.Security.Cryptography
Imports System.Text
Imports System.IO
Module Module1
Private Const ENCRYPTIONKEY As String = "peekaboo"
Sub Main()
Dim s As String = Encrypt("ditzymoose#outlook.com")
Dim r As String = Decrypt(s)
Console.ReadLine()
End Sub
Private Function Encrypt(stringToEncrypt As String) As String
Dim rng As New RNGCryptoServiceProvider
Dim byteArray() As Byte = New Byte(8) {}
Dim iv_value As String = "cbauthiv"
Dim key() As Byte = {}
Dim IV() As Byte = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Left(iv_value, 8))
key = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Left(ENCRYPTIONKEY, 8))
Dim des As New DESCryptoServiceProvider
rng.GetBytes(byteArray)
Dim Salt As String = BitConverter.ToString(byteArray)
Dim SaltedInput As String = Salt & "~" & stringToEncrypt
Dim inputByteArray() As Byte = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(stringToEncrypt)
Dim ms As New MemoryStream
Dim cs As New CryptoStream(ms, des.CreateEncryptor(key, IV), CryptoStreamMode.Write)
cs.Write(inputByteArray, 0, inputByteArray.Length)
cs.FlushFinalBlock()
Return Convert.ToBase64String(ms.ToArray())
End Function
End Module

The key and IV must be passed as WordArray. For the conversion the Utf8-Encoder has to be used, here.
Also, the ciphertext must be passed as a CipherParams object or alternatively Base64 encoded (which is then implicitly converted to a CipherParams object), here.
With these changes the ciphertext of the VB code can be successfully decrypted using the CryptoJS code:
var key = CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse("peekaboo");
var iv = CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse("cbauthiv");
var encryptedValue = "50AznWWn4fJI19T392wIv/ZysP/Ke3mB";
var data = CryptoJS.DES.decrypt(encryptedValue, key, {iv: iv});
var email = data.toString(CryptoJS.enc.Utf8);
console.log(email, "ORIGINAL TEXT");
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/crypto-js/4.0.0/crypto-js.min.js"></script>
Please note that DES is insecure (here) and was replaced by AES almost 20 years ago. Also insecure is a static IV. Instead, a random IV should be generated for each encryption.
Furthermore a password should not be used as key. If a password is to be used, the key should be derived from the password using a reliable key derivation function such as PBKDF2.

TripleDES Java Encryprion to Javascript Decryption

I am using Java to encrypt a text payload with Triple DES. First I create an ephemeral key that I will use for encrypting the payload:
private byte[] createEphemeralKey() throws Exception {
KeyGenerator keygen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("DESede");
keygen.init(168);
return keygen.generateKey().getEncoded();
}
Then I encrypt my payload with said key:
private String encryptTripleDES(byte[] ephemeralKey, String payload) throws Exception {
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DESede/ECB/NoPadding");
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, new SecretKeySpec(ephemeralKey, "DESede"));
byte[] plainTextBytes = payload.getBytes();
byte[] cipherText = cipher.doFinal(plainTextBytes);
return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(cipherText);
}
Also need a padding function to ensure the data length is divisable by 8:
private String adjustPadding(String input, int blockSize) {
int len = input.length() % blockSize;
int paddingLength = (len == 0) ? 0 : (blockSize - len);
while (paddingLength > 0) {
input += "F";
paddingLength--;
}
return input;
}
And here is my process end to end:
String data = "Marnus"
byte[] = ephemeralKey = createEphemeralKey();
String adjustedData = adjustPadding (data,8);
String encryptedPayload = encryptTripleDES(ephemeralKey, adjustedData);
String encodedKey = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(ephemeralKey)
So I take the 2 variables encryptedPayload and encodedKey, that are both Base64 encoded string, and send it off via HTTP to node express app.
In the Javascript side of things, I use node-forge - Here is the part of my express app that does the decryption:
let nodeBuffer = Buffer.from(data, 'base64')
let input = forge.util.createBuffer(nodeBuffer.toString('binary'))
// 3DES key and IV sizes
let keySize = 24;
let ivSize = 8;
let derivedBytes = forge.pbe.opensslDeriveBytes(ephemeralKey, null, keySize + ivSize);
let buffer = forge.util.createBuffer(derivedBytes);
let key = buffer.getBytes(keySize)
let iv = buffer.getBytes(ivSize)
let decipher = forge.cipher.createDecipher('3DES-ECB', key)
decipher.start({iv: iv})
decipher.update(input)
console.log('decipher result', decipher.finish())
let decryptedResult = decipher.output.data;
Here is an Triples DES example in the node-forge docs:
A few notes:
I create a node-forge buffer from a regular buffer since I don't have a input file like the examples gives. Here is how the docs states one should create one buffer from the other:
*I use base64 as that is what I used in the java side to encode the data that was sent.
Then, I dont have a salt so I left the 2'nd param null in opensslDeriveBytes as specified in the docs I should do.
Thirdly, I am also not sure if my keysize of 24 is correct?
My results
So doing an end to end test yields the following:
In my Java app, the test data was "Marnus", the encryptedPayload was ez+RweSAd+4= and the encodedKey was vCD9mBnWHPEBiQ0BGv7gc6GUCOoBgLCu.
Then in my javascript code data was obviously ez+RweSAd+4=(encryptedPayload) and the ephemeralKey was vCD9mBnWHPEBiQ0BGv7gc6GUCOoBgLCu(encodedKey).
After the decryption ran, the value of decryptedResult was ©ýÕ?µ{', which is obviously just garbage since it was not encoded yet, but I cant figure out which encoding to use?
I tried using forge.util.encode64(decipher.output.data), but that just gave me qf3VP7UYeyc=, which is not right.
For what it's worth, here is the type that decipher.output

With a lot more tweaking and testing different options, I got it working - and the good news is I managed to get it all working with the built in crypto library in nodejs (v12.18.4).
First things first, the JAVA side just needs a change to the key size (from 168 to 112), the rest remains the same - see below example as one single method (should be split up in final implementation of course for testability and usability):
//Some data:
String payload = "{\"data\":\"somedata\"}";
// Create Key
KeyGenerator keygen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("DESede");
keygen.init(112);
byte[] ephemeralKey = keygen.generateKey().getEncoded();
// Adjust the data, see adjustPadding method in the question for details.
String data = adjustPadding (payload,8);
// Wil now be "{"data":"somedata"}FFFFF", can just chop off extra in JS if need be. When sending JSON one knows the end of the object will always be "}"
// Do Encrypt
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DESede/ECB/NoPadding");
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, new SecretKeySpec(ephemeralKey, "DESede"));
byte[] plainTextBytes = data.getBytes();
byte[] cipherText = cipher.doFinal(plainTextBytes);
String encryptedPayload = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(cipherText);
//Lastly, Base64 the key so you can transport it too
String encodedKey = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(ephemeralKey)
on the Javascript side of things we keep it simple:
// I'm using TS, so change the import if you do plain JS
import crypto = require('crypto')
//need bytes from the base64 payload
let buff = Buffer.from(ephemeralKey, 'base64')
const decipher = crypto.createDecipheriv('des-ede3', buff, null)
decipher.setAutoPadding(false)
let decrypted = decipher.update(data, 'base64', 'utf8')
decrypted += decipher.final('utf8')
console.log(decrypted)
//{"data":"somedata"}FFFFF"

Encryption on crypto-js and decryption on node crypto using CTR mode issue

I am trying to encrypt data using crypto-js javascript library and trying to decrypt the same encrypted text on nodejs side using node crypto library. I am using AES 256 encryption algo with CTR mode with no padding. I am able to encrypt properly but the description on nodejs crypto module is not producing same plain text.
If I try to encrypt or decrypt using the same crypto-js and node crypto library, it works fine but encryption on crypto-js and description on crypto is not working as expected. I have tried to confirm if I encrypt and decrypt in the same library than it works or not and it works perfectly fine. Can someone please check what mistake I am making here?
Please find below code samples.
Encryption:
var key = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse('F29BA22B55F9B229CC9C250E11FD4384');
var iv = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse('C160C947CD9FC273');
function encrypt(plainText) {
return CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(
plainText,
key,
{
iv: iv,
padding: CryptoJS.pad.NoPadding,
mode: CryptoJS.mode.CTR
}
);
}
Descryption using NodeJS crypo module:
var algorithm = 'aes-256-ctr';
var key = 'F29BA22B55F9B229CC9C250E11FD4384';
var iv = 'C160C947CD9FC273';
var outputEncoding = 'hex';
var inputEncoding = 'hex';
const decipher = crypto.createDecipheriv(algorithm, key, iv);
let decrypted = decipher.update('8df5e11f521cf492437a95', inputEncoding, 'utf8');
decrypted += decipher.final('utf8');
console.log(decrypted);
As I have mentioned above, I have JavaScript crypo-js and NodeJS crypo module sessions working fine if I encrypt and decrypt using the same lib but doesn't work otherwise. Please check the working code as below.
JavaScript: http://jsfiddle.net/usr_r/2qwt8jsh/2/
NodeJS: https://repl.it/repls/AchingRegalPhp

I think your CryptoJS code isn't using AES-256, as the key and IV are too short and hence it's implicitly using AES-128. if you get the blockSize from the CryptoJS.AES object it says 4 for me. that said I don't know CryptoJS very well and that might not mean "4 words".
To bypass this implementation uncertainty, it's good to have a "gold standard" to replicate. NIST provides lots of test vectors, some of which apply to your CTR mode AES-256. First I pull out a set of (hex encoded) test vectors from that document:
const key = (
'603deb1015ca71be2b73aef0857d7781' +
'1f352c073b6108d72d9810a30914dff4'
)
const ctr = 'f0f1f2f3f4f5f6f7f8f9fafbfcfdff00'
const output = '5a6e699d536119065433863c8f657b94'
const cipher = 'f443e3ca4d62b59aca84e990cacaf5c5'
const plain = 'ae2d8a571e03ac9c9eb76fac45af8e51'
next I try and recover these from Node's crypto module:
const crypto = require('crypto')
function node_crypto(text) {
const dec = crypto.createDecipheriv(
'aes-256-ctr',
Buffer.from(key, 'hex'),
Buffer.from(ctr, 'hex')
);
const out = dec.update(Buffer.from(text, 'hex'))
return out.toString('hex')
}
now I can write a simple test harness for testing the above and use it with that function:
const zero = '00'.repeat(16);
function test_crypto(fn) {
return {
'zero => output': fn(zero) == output,
'cipher => plain': fn(cipher) == plain,
'plain => cipher': fn(plain) == cipher,
}
}
console.log(test_crypto(node_crypto))
which gives me true for all tests.
finally, the equivalent code for CryptoJS is:
const CryptoJS = require("crypto-js");
function cryptojs(text) {
const out = CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(
CryptoJS.enc.Latin1.parse(Buffer.from(text, 'hex').toString('binary')),
CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(key),
{
iv: CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(ctr),
mode: CryptoJS.mode.CTR,
padding: CryptoJS.pad.NoPadding,
}
);
return out.ciphertext.toString();
}
console.log(test_crypto(cryptojs))
which also works for me.
It's important to note that CryptoJS just silently accepts arbitrarily sized keys, with the docs saying:
CryptoJS supports AES-128, AES-192, and AES-256. It will pick the variant by the size of the key you pass in. If you use a passphrase, then it will generate a 256-bit key.

In contrast to the NodeJS-code (Crypto), the JavaScript-code (CryptoJS) interprets keys and IV as hexadecimal strings. Therefore, in the JavaScript-Code AES-128 is used and in the NodeJS-Code AES-256. To solve the problem, both codes must use the same encryption.
Option 1: Change the JavaScript-code to AES-256: Replace in the JavaScript-code
var key = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse('F18AB33A57F9B229CC9C250D00FC3273');
var iv = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse('D959B836CD9FB162');
by
var key = CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse('F18AB33A57F9B229CC9C250D00FC3273');
var iv = CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse('D959B836CD9FB162');
Option 2: Change the NodeJS-code to AES-128: Replace in the NodeJS-code
var algorithm = 'aes-256-ctr';
var key = 'F18AB33A57F9B229CC9C250D00FC3273';
var iv = 'D959B836CD9FB162';
by
var algorithm = 'aes-128-ctr';
var key = Buffer.from('F18AB33A57F9B229CC9C250D00FC3273', 'hex');
var iv = Buffer.from('D959B836CD9FB1620000000000000000', 'hex');
With one of each of the two changes, the codes of both links produce the same result.
If AES-256 should be used and key and IV should be specified as hexadecimal strings, a correspondingly large key and IV must be used, e.g. on the JavaScript-side:
var key = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse('F18AB33A57F9B229CC9C250D00FC3273F18AB33A57F9B229CC9C250D00FC3273');
var iv = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse('D959B836CD9FB16200000000000000');
and on the NodeJS-side:
var algorithm = 'aes-256-ctr';
var key = Buffer.from('F18AB33A57F9B229CC9C250D00FC3273F18AB33A57F9B229CC9C250D00FC3273', 'hex');
var iv = Buffer.from('D959B836CD9FB1620000000000000000', 'hex');

Encrypt in VB.NET Rijndael Managed and Decrypt in Javascript CryptoJS

I'm making an app that has to decrypt QRs and well... It doesn't, because i get the QR string but i cannot decrypt it.
I'm using this encryption method in VB.NET, and it works perfectly when i read an decrypt from VB.NET:
Private Function GetCodedQR(ByVal str As String) As String
Dim sToEncrypt As String = str
Dim encrypted() As Byte
' Create an Rijndael object
' with the specified key and IV.
Using rijAlg = Rijndael.Create()
rijAlg.Padding = PaddingMode.Zeros
rijAlg.Mode = CipherMode.CBC
rijAlg.KeySize = 256
rijAlg.BlockSize = 256
rijAlg.Key = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("12345678912345678912345678912345")
rijAlg.IV = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("123452hheeyy66#cs!9hjv887mxx7#8y")
' Create an encryptor to perform the stream transform.
Dim encryptor As ICryptoTransform = rijAlg.CreateEncryptor(rijAlg.Key, rijAlg.IV)
' Create the streams used for encryption.
Using msEncrypt As New MemoryStream()
Using csEncrypt As New CryptoStream(msEncrypt, encryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Write)
Using swEncrypt As New StreamWriter(csEncrypt)
'Write all data to the stream.
swEncrypt.Write(sToEncrypt)
End Using
encrypted = msEncrypt.ToArray()
End Using
End Using
End Using
sToEncrypt = Convert.ToBase64String(encrypted)
Return sToEncrypt
End Function
But when im using JS (CryptoJS) to decrypt the message it just dont work!
var iv = CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse('123452hheeyy66#cs!9hjv887mxx7#8y');
var decrypted = CryptoJS.AES.decrypt(encrypted, '12345678912345678912345678912345', { iv: iv, mode: CryptoJS.mode.CBC, padding: CryptoJS.pad.ZeroPadding });
Please help me I'm doing my best but JS is not my thing.