Function only being passed to React child component once - javascript

I've got something I don't understand here. I'm creating a hierarchy of React functional components like so:
const ContainerComponent = () => {
const [total, setTotal] = useState(initialValue);
const updateFunction = () => { console.log('It got called'); }
return (
<EntryComponent updateFunction={updateFunction} />
);
}
const EntryComponent = ({updateFunction}) => {
const services = [{}, {}, {}];
return (
{services.map((service) => <ServiceComponent updateFunction={updateFunction} />}
);
}
const ServiceComponent = ({updateFunction}) => {
return (
<input type='checkbox' onChange={updateFunction} ></input>
);
}
So the idea is that the function gets passed all the way to the ServiceComponent and attached to the checkbox for each component. On change the function should fire, running the code and updating the total value in the ContainerComponent. Problem is that this isn't happening properly and the function seems only to be passed to the first ServiceComponent instance. If I drop a console.log(updateFunction) into ServiceComponent I see the function logged for the first component, and undefined for the remaining two. This is strange even for JavaScript. Can anyone shed any light as to what is going on? As far as I understand the function should be able to be passed like any other variable, and each ServiceComponent should have it to use when needed. Indeed, if I pass a second property to the child, an object or a primitive like an integer it comes through just fine on every child component. Why is this not occurring for my function, and how do I fix it?
Edit: I see the problem, and the problem is I'm not as smart as I think I am. In the condensed version I put here everything is being supplied to the child components in the same loop, but in the actual project the child components are created in multiple places and I neglected to pass the function property to all of them. Which is mind mindbogglingly stupid on my part. I'm leaving the question here as many of you have posted replies, for which I'm grateful.
Programming is hard, I think I need a better brain.

I tried refactoring your code to this
const ContainerComponent = () => {
const [total, setTotal] = useState(0);
const updateFunction = (e) => {
console.log("update total stuff happens here");
console.log(e);
};
return <EntryComponent updateFunction={updateFunction} />;
};
const EntryComponent = ({ updateFunction }) => {
const services = ["one", "two", "three"];
return (
<>
{services.map((service) => (
<ServiceComponent updateFunction={updateFunction} />
))}
</>
);
};
const ServiceComponent = ({ updateFunction }) => (
<input type="checkbox" onChange={updateFunction}></input>
);
and it works just fine.
Try also using a react fragment in your entry component.

Related

React lifting states up and down multiple times to filter components

Component diagram:
"Main"
|--"Side"--"CategoryPicker"
|
|--"ItemBoard"
categoryPicker gets the chosen value.
const filterResultHandler = (e) => {
props.onFilterChange(e.target.value);}
...
onChange={filterResultHandler}
And lift up the value to Side.
const [filterState, setFilterState] = useState("all");
const onFilterChangeHandler = () => { props.onPassData(setFilterState);};
...
<CategoryPicker selected={filterState} onFilterChange={onFilterChangeHandler} />
Then I repeat to lift value to the Main.
(Up to this point I have console.log the value and it seemed OK.)
const [recData, setRecData] = useState("all");
const onFilterChangeHandler = (passedData) => {
setRecData(passedData);};
<Side onPassData={onFilterChangeHandler} selected={recData} />
Then pass it down to Itemboard as a prop.
<ItemBoard items={items} recData={recData} />
In ItemBoard I am trying to filter the array then compare to later map it and display filtered components.
const filteredProducts = props.items.filter((product) => {
return (product.cat.toString() === props.recData)})
{filteredProducts.map((product, index) => (
<Item cat={product.cat} />
))}
Warning: Cannot update a component (Side) while rendering a different component (Main). To locate the bad setState() call inside Main
Where am I loosing my logic?
PS.
Trying to focus on understanding how lifting up and passing props works, not looking for better solutions to the problem right now.
you have the bad setState use in this code:
const [recData, setRecData] = useState("all");
const onFilterChangeHandler = (passedData) => {
setRecData(passedData);};
<Side onPassData={onFilterChangeHandler} selected={recData} />
why you are passing this selected={recData} data again to Side component, you are updating the state of Main component from Side component and passing the selected={recData} again, remove this and try again

React | Adding and deleting object in React Hooks (useState)

How to push element inside useState array AND deleting said object in a dynamic matter using React hooks (useState)?
I'm most likely not googling this issue correctly, but after a lot of research I haven't figured out the issue here, so bare with me on this one.
The situation:
I have a wrapper JSX component which holds my React hook (useState). In this WrapperComponent I have the array state which holds the objects I loop over and generate the child components in the JSX code. I pass down my onChangeUpHandler which gets called every time I want to delete a child component from the array.
Wrapper component:
export const WrapperComponent = ({ component }) => {
// ID for component
const { odmParameter } = component;
const [wrappedComponentsArray, setWrappedComponentsArray] = useState([]);
const deleteChildComponent = (uuid) => {
// Logs to array "before" itsself
console.log(wrappedComponentsArray);
/*
Output: [{"uuid":"acc0d4c-165c-7d70-f8e-d745dd361b5"},
{"uuid":"0ed3cc3-7cd-c647-25db-36ed78b5cbd8"]
*/
setWrappedComponentsArray(prevState => prevState.filter(item => item !== uuid));
// After
console.log(wrappedComponentsArray);
/*
Output: [{"uuid":"acc0d4c-165c-7d70-f8e-d745dd361b5",{"uuid":"0ed3cc3-
7cd-c647-25db-36ed78b5cbd8"]
*/
};
const onChangeUpHandler = (event) => {
const { value } = event;
const { uuid } = event;
switch (value) {
case 'delete':
// This method gets hit
deleteChildComponent(uuid);
break;
default:
break;
}
};
const addOnClick = () => {
const objToAdd = {
// Generate uuid for each component
uuid: uuid(),
onChangeOut: onChangeUpHandler,
};
setWrappedComponentsArray(wrappedComponentsArray => [...wrappedComponentsArray, objToAdd]);
// Have also tried this solution with no success
// setWrappedComponentsArray(wrappedComponentsArray.concat(objToAdd));
};
return (
<>
<div className='page-content'>
{/*Loop over useState array*/}
{
wrappedComponentsArray.length > 0 &&
<div>
{wrappedComponentsArray.map((props) => {
return <div className={'page-item'}>
<ChildComponent {...props} />
</div>;
})
}
</div>
}
{/*Add component btn*/}
{wrappedComponentsArray.length > 0 &&
<div className='page-button-container'>
<ButtonContainer
variant={'secondary'}
label={'Add new component'}
onClick={() => addOnClick()}
/>
</div>
}
</div>
</>
);
};
Child component:
export const ChildComponent = ({ uuid, onChangeOut }) => {
return (
<>
<div className={'row-box-item-wrapper'}>
<div className='row-box-item-input-container row-box-item-header'>
<Button
props={
type: 'delete',
info: 'Deletes the child component',
value: 'Delete',
uuid: uuid,
callback: onChangeOut
}
/>
</div>
<div>
{/* Displays generated uuid in the UI */}
{uuid}
</div>
</div>
</>
)
}
As you can see in my UI my adding logic works as expected (code not showing that the first element in the UI are not showing the delete button):
Here is my problem though:
Say I hit the add button on my WrapperComponent three times and adds three objects in my wrappedComponentsArray gets rendered in the UI via my mapping in the JSX in the WrapperComponent.
Then I hit the delete button on the third component and hit the deleteChildComponent() funtion in my parent component, where I console.log my wrappedComponentsArray from my useState.
The problem then occurs because I get this log:
(2) [{…}, {…}]
even though I know the array has three elements in it, and does not contain the third (and therefore get an undefined, when I try to filter it out, via the UUID key.
How do I solve this issue? Hope my code and explanation makes sense, and sorry if this question has already been posted, which I suspect it has.
You provided bad filter inside deleteChildComponent, rewrite to this:
setWrappedComponentsArray(prevState => prevState.filter(item => item.uuid !== uuid));
You did item !== uuid, instead of item.uuid !== uuid
Please try this, i hope this works
const deleteChildComponent = (uuid) => {
console.log(wrappedComponentsArray);
setWrappedComponentsArray(wrappedComponentsArray.filter(item => item !== uuid));
};
After update
const deleteChildComponent = (uuid) => {
console.log(wrappedComponentsArray);
setWrappedComponentsArray(wrappedComponentsArray.filter(item => item.uuid !== uuid)); // item replaced to item.uuid
};
Huge shoutout to #Jay Vaghasiya for the help.
Thanks to his expertise we managed to find the solution.
First of, I wasn't passing the uuid reference properly. The correct was, when making the objects, and pushing them to the array, we passed the uuid like this:
const addOnClick = () => {
const objToAdd = {
// Generate uuid for each component
uuid: uuid(),
parentOdmParameter: odmParameter,
onChangeOut: function(el) { onChangeUpHandler(el, this.uuid)}
};
setWrappedComponentsArray([...wrappedComponentsArray, objToAdd]);
};
When calling to delete function the function that worked for us, was the following:
const deleteChildComponent = (uuid) => {
setWrappedComponentsArray(item => item.filter(__item => __item.uuid !== uuid)); // item replaced to item.uuid
};

how to fix form submission with useEffect hook (as is: need to click submit twice)

App takes user options and creates an array objects randomly, and based on user options. (it's a gamer tag generator, writing to learn react.js). As is, App is a functional component and I use useState to store array of objects (gamertags) and the current selected options.
I use formik for my simple form. It takes two clicks to get a new item with updated options. I know why, options in state of App doesn't not update until it rerenders as the function for form submission is async. Therefore, all of my options are updated, after the first click, and are correct with the second because they were updated with the rerendering and after I needed them.
I know the solution is to use a useEffect hook, but despite reading over other posts and tuts, I don't understand how to apply it. It's my first instance of needing that hook and I'm still learning.
I wrote a simplified App to isolate the problem as much as possible and debug. https://codesandbox.io/s/morning-waterfall-impg3?file=/src/App.js
export default function App() {
const [itemInventory, setItemInventory] = useState([
{ options: "apples", timeStamp: 123412 },
{ options: "oranges", timeStamp: 123413 }
]);
const [options, setOptions] = useState("apples");
const addItem = (item) => {
setItemInventory([item, ...itemInventory]);
};
const createItem = () => {
return { options: options, timeStamp: Date.now() };
};
class DisplayItem extends React.Component {
render() { // redacted for brevity}
const onFormUpdate = (values) => {
const newOption = values.options;
setOptions(newOption);
addItem(createItem());
};
const UserForm = (props) => {
return (
<div>
<Formik
initialValues={{
options: props.options
}}
onSubmit={async (values) => {
await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 500));
console.log(values);
props.onUpdate(values);
}}
>
{({ values }) => (
<Form> //redacted for brevity
</Form>
)}
</Formik>
</div>
);
};
return (
<div className="App">
<div className="App-left">
<UserForm options={options} onUpdate={onFormUpdate} />
</div>
<div className="App-right">
{itemInventory.map((item) => (
<DisplayItem item={item} key={item.timeStamp} />
))}
</div>
</div>
);
}
This is probably a "layup" for you all, can you help me dunk this one? Thx!
Solved problem by implementing the useEffect hook.
Solution: The functions that create and add an item to the list, addItem(createItem()), become the first argument for the useEffect hook. The second argument is the option stored in state, [options]. The callback for the form, onFormUpdate only updates the option in state and no longer tries to alter state, i.e. create and add an item to the list. The useEffect 'triggers' the creation and addition of a new item, this time based on the updated option because the updated option is the second argument of the hook.
Relevant new code:
useEffect( () => {
addItem(createItem());
}, [options]);
const onFormUpdate = (values) => {
const newOption = values.options;
setOptions(newOption);
//addItem used to be here
};

Text entered into an input-field is being duplicated to the state of another input field's value - why?

As you can see in below screencast, manipulating the second input field in my form also changes the value of the first one. I've completely reproduced it on JSfiddle in an isolated environment to track down the bug but didn't find it.
Quick overview of my code base:
A functional component ModuleBuilder has an Array in its state called blocks and a renderFunction which renders for each element of blocks one instance of a subcomponent called ModuleElement.
The subcomponent ModuleElement displays an input form element. When I create n instances of the subcomponent and try to type something in the the form element of the second instance then the first one's value gets updated as well.
const ModuleElement = (props) => {
const blockElement = props.config;
const key = props.index;
const changeValue = (e) => {
blockElement[e.target.name] = e.target.value;
props.updateBlock(key, blockElement);
};
return (
<div key={`block_${key}`}>
<input
key={`block_input_${key}`}
type="text"
id={`fieldname_${key}`}
name="fieldName"
onChange={changeValue}
placeholder="Field Name"
defaultValue={blockElement.fieldName}
/>
</div>
);
};
const ModuleBuilder = () => {
const emptyBlock = {
fieldName: "",
required: true,
};
const [blocks, setBlocks] = React.useState([emptyBlock]);
const updateBlock = (key, data) => {
//console.log(`i was asked to update element #${key}`);
//console.log("this is data", data);
let copyOfBlocks = blocks;
//copyOfBlocks[key] = data; // WHY DOES COMMENTING THIS OUT STILL MAKE THE UPDATE WORK??
setBlocks([...copyOfBlocks]);
// console.log("this is blocks", blocks);
};
const add1Block = () => {
setBlocks([...blocks, emptyBlock]);
};
const renderBlockFormElements = () => {
return blocks.map((value, index) => {
return (
<li key={index}>
<b>Subcomponent with Index #{index}</b>
<ModuleElement
index={index}
config={value}
updateBlock={updateBlock}
/>
</li>
);
});
};
return (
<div>
<h1>
Click twice on "add another field" then enter something into the second
field.
</h1>
<h2>Why is 1st field affected??</h2>
<form>
<ul className="list-group">{renderBlockFormElements()}</ul>
<button type="button" onClick={add1Block}>
Add another field
</button>
</form>
<br></br>
<h2>This is the state:</h2>
{blocks.map((value, index) => (
<p key={`checkup_${index}`}>
<span>{index}: </span>
<span>{JSON.stringify(value)}</span>
</p>
))}
</div>
);
};
ReactDOM.render(<ModuleBuilder />, document.querySelector("#app"));
see full code on https://jsfiddle.net/g8yc39Lv/3/
UPDATE 1:
I solved the problem (see my own answer below) but am still confused about one thing: Why is copyOfBlocks[key] = data; in the updateBlocks() not necessary to update the state correctly? Could it be that the following code is manipulating the props directly??
const changeValue = (e) => {
blockElement[e.target.name] = e.target.value;
props.updateBlock(key, blockElement);
};
If yes, what would be the react way to structure my use case?
UPDATE 2:
It turns out indeed that I was manipulating the props directly. I changed now the whole setup as follows.
The Module Element component now has its own state. OnChange the state is updated and the new target.value is pushed to the props.updateblocks method. See updated JSfiddle here. Is this the react way to do it ?
Suggested changes to your new answer:
Your updated answer is mostly correct, and more React-ish. I would change a couple things:
You have two state variables, which means you have two sources of truth. It works now because they're always in sync, but this has the potential to cause future bugs, and is not actually necessary. ModuleElement doesn't need a state variable at all; you can just render props.config.fieldName:
<input
...
onChange={(e) => {
props.updateBlock(key, {fieldName:e.target.value, required:true})
}}
value={props.config.fieldName}
/>
Then, you can eliminate the state variable in ModuleElement:
const ModuleElement = (props) => {
const key = props.index;
return (
<React.Fragment>
...
I would write updateBlock a little differently. copyOfBlocks is not actually a copy, so copyOfBlocks[key] = data; actually mutates the original data, and a copy is not made until setBlocks([...copyOfBlocks]);. This isn't a problem per se, but a clearer way to write it could be:
const updateBlock = (key, data) => {
let copyOfBlocks = [...blocks];
copyOfBlocks[key] = data;
setBlocks(copyOfBlocks);
};
Now, copyOfBlocks is actually a shallow copy ([...blocks] is what causes the copy), and not a pointer to the same data.
Here's an updated fiddle.
Answers to your remaining questions:
//copyOfBlocks[key] = data; // WHY DOES COMMENTING THIS OUT STILL MAKE THE UPDATE WORK??
Because this line doesn't actually copy:
let copyOfBlocks = blocks;
// This outputs `true`!
console.log(copyOfBlocks === blocks);
This means that, when you do this in ModuleElement - changeValue...
blockElement[e.target.name] = e.target.value;
... you're mutating the same value as when you do this in ModuleBuilder - updateBlock ...
copyOfBlocks[key] = data;
... because copyOfBlocks[key] === blocks[key], and blocks[key] === ModuleBuilder's blockElement. Since both updaters had a reference to the same object, you were updating the same object twice.
But beyond that, mutation of state variables in React is an anti-pattern. This is because React uses === to detect changes. In this case, React cannot tell that myState has changed, and so will not re-render the component:
const [myState, setMyState] = useState({'existing key': 'existing value'});
// ...
// This is BAD:
myState['key'] = ['value'];
const [myState, setMyState] = useState({'existing key': 'existing value'});
// ...
// This is still BAD, because the state isn't being copied:
const newState = myState;
newState['key'] = ['value'];
// At this point, myState === newState
// React will not recognize this change!
setMyState(newState);
Instead, you should write code that
performs a shallow copy on myState, so the old state !== the new state, and
uses setMyState() to tell React that the state has changed:
const [myState, setMyState] = useState({'existing key': 'existing value'});
// ...
// This is correct, and uses ES6 spread syntax to perform a shallow copy of `myState`:
const newState = {...myState, key: 'value'};
// Now, newState !== myState. This is good :)
setMyState(newState);
Or, as a one-liner:
setMyState({...myState, key: 'value'});
The Module Element component now has its own state. onChange the state is updated and the new target.value is pushed to the props.updateblocks method. Is this the react way to do it?
For the most part, yes. You're duplicating your state in two variables, which is unnecessary and more likely to cause bugs in the future. See above for a suggestion on how to eliminate the additional state variable.
I was able to solve the problem after coincidentally reading this question.
I replaced the setBlocks line here:
const emptyBlock = {
fieldName: "",
dataType: "string",
required: true,
};
const add1Block = () => {
setBlocks([
...blocks,
emptyBlock
]);
};
by this statement
const add1Block = () => {
setBlocks([
...blocks,
{ fieldName: "", dataType: "string", required: true },
]);
};
and it turned out that by placing emptyBlock as a default value for a new element I was just apparently just re-referencing it.

React hooks not set state at first time

i have a problem with hooks.
i'm using react-hooks, i have a button which at onClick getting data from api and setState with it.
Problem is:
when i click to button first time i get response from api but can't set it to state. When click to button second time i can setState. Why it happened ?
here is my component look like:
function App() {
const [a, setA] = useState(null);
const fetchData = () => {
let data = {
id: 1
}
axios.post(baseUrl, data)
.then(res => {
if (res.data) {
setA(res.data)
}
console.log(a)
})
}
return (
<div className="App">
<div>
<button onClick={fetchData}></button>
</div>
</div>
);
}
export default App;
i tried to using fetchData function like that:
function fetchData() {
let data = {
id: 1
}
axios.post(baseUrl, data)
.then(res => {
if (res.data) {
setA(res.data)
}
console.log(a)
})
}
but it's not helped too
a is a const. It's impossible to change it, so there's no way your console.log statement at the end of fetchData could ever log out something different than the value that a had when fetchData was created.
So that's not what setA does. The point of setA isn't to change the value of the const, but to cause the component to rerender. On that new render, a new set of variables will be created, and the new a will get the new value. Move your console.log out to the body of your component, and you'll see it rerender with the new value.
In short: Your code appears to be already working, you just have the wrong logging.
If your scope is to fetch data, use this:
const [data, setData] = useState("");
useEffect(async () => {
const result = await axios(
'here will be your api',
);
setData(result.data);
});
Now your response will be stored in data variable.
I would not use an effect for it, effects are useful if the props or state changes and can thereby substitute lifecycle methods like componentDidMount, componentDidUpdate, componentWillUnmount, etc.. But in your case these props haven't changed yet (you want to change your state though). Btw, be aware that #Asking's approach will fetch data on EVERY rerender (props or state change). If you want to use useEffect, be sure to add the second parameter to tell React when to update.
Normally, your code should work, I haven't tested but looks legit. Have you used developer tools for react to check if the state/hook has changed? Because if you say it did not work because of the console.log printing: Have in mind that setA() is an async function. The state was most likely not yet changed when you try to print it. If you haven't react developer tools (which I highly recommend) you can check the real state by adding this code in the function:
useEffect(() => console.log(a), [a]);
I have a few real improvements to your code though:
function App() {
const [a, setA] = useState(null);
const fetchData = useCallback(async () => {
let data = {
id: 1
}
const res = await axios.post(baseUrl, data);
setA(res.data);
}, []);
return (
<div className="App">
<div>
<button onClick={fetchData}></button>
</div>
</div>
);
}
export default App;
By adding useCallback you ensure that the function is memorized and not declared again and again on every rerender.
#Nicholas Tower has already answered your question. But if you are looking for code
function App() {
const [a, setA] = useState(null);
const fetchData = () => {
let data = {
id: 1
}
axios.post(baseUrl, data)
.then(res => {
if (res.data) {
setA(res.data)
}
})
}
console.log(a)
return (
<div className="App">
<div>
<button onClick={fetchData}></button>
</div>
</div>
);
}
export default App;
just place log before return (. This should do

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