Develop Reference

Vertical alignment of TMS tiles in Leaflet using EPSG:25832 projection

I am using Leaflet with Proj4Leaflet to work with tiles in 25832. The application is fairly simple: I am trying to overlay tiles in EPSG:25832 onto a omniscale basemap. I have copied the individual resolutions and origin from the tilemap meta information. The problem I am facing is that the map is not aligned and once I zoom in the tiles are not placed in the correct order. I'd appreciate any kind of support here (by the way, this is a working example which is using openlayers).
I guess I am doing something wrong here:
// Set resolutions
var resolutions = [156367.7919628329,78183.89598141646,39091.94799070823,19545.973995354114,9772.986997677057,4886.4934988385285,2443.2467494192642,1221.6233747096321,610.8116873548161,305.40584367740803,152.70292183870401,76.35146091935201,38.175730459676004,19.087865229838002,9.543932614919001,4.7719663074595005,2.3859831537297502,1.1929915768648751];
// Define CRS
var rs25832 = new L.Proj.CRS(
'EPSG:25832',
proj4rs25832def,
{
origin: [ 273211.2532533697, 6111822.37943825 ],
resolutions: resolutions
}
);
...using the tiles information from https://mapproxy.bba.atenekom.eu/tms/1.0.0/privat_alle_50_mbit/germany .
Afterwards I add a tile layer
var url = 'https://mapproxy.bba.atenekom.eu/tms/1.0.0/privat_alle_50_mbit/germany/{z}/{x}/{y}.png';
var tileLayer = L.tileLayer(
url,
{
tms: true,
crs: rs25832,
continuousWorld: true,
maxZoom: resolutions.length
}
);
And add them to the map..
// Setup map
var map = L.map('map', {
crs: rs25832,
center: [ 50.8805, 7.3389 ],
zoom:5,
maxZoom: resolutions.length,
layers: [ baseWms, tileLayer ]
});
The bare minimum of code can be found here: https://jsfiddle.net/6gcam7w5/8/

This boils down to how the Y coordinate of TMS tiles is inverted (it becomes higher when going north, as opposed to default TileLayers, in which the Y coordinate becomes larger when going south).
Having a look on the Leaflet code that takes care of this specific feature will shed some light on the issue:
if (this._map && !this._map.options.crs.infinite) {
var invertedY = this._globalTileRange.max.y - coords.y;
if (this.options.tms) {
data['y'] = invertedY;
}
data['-y'] = invertedY;
}
There are two things critical to calculating the right Y coordinate for your tiles here:
The CRS must be finite (it must have bounds)
There must be a finite global tile range (which in Leaflet is ultimately defined by the CRS bounds and not the TileLayer bounds)
Long story short, your CRS should be defined with known bounds. For this particular case, taking information from the TMS capabilities document...
<BoundingBox minx="273211.2532533697" miny="5200000.0" maxx="961083.6232988155" maxy="6111822.37943825"/>
...and turned into a L.Bounds definition when defining the Leaflet CRS, like...
// Define CRS
var rs25832 = new L.Proj.CRS(
'EPSG:25832',
proj4rs25832def,
{
origin: [ 273211.2532533697, 6111822.37943825 ],
resolutions: resolutions,
bounds: [[273211.2532533697, 5200000],[961083.6232988155, 6111822.37943825]]
}
);
Stuff should just work (with no need to pass the CRS to the tilelayers, since they will all use the map's), as in this working example.

Leaflet: Getting Latitude/Longitude in createTile using CRS.Simple

I have a simple fictional map that I want to control using Leaflet. It is a flat 2D plane and its "latitude/longitude"/coordinate system spans from [0,0] to [999,999].
I have customized the map as follows:
window.map = L.map('leaflet-map', {
crs: L.CRS.Simple,
center: [500, 500],
zoom: 13,
maxBounds: [
[0, 0],
[999, 999],
],
layers: [new MyLayer()],
});
To draw this map, I've created a new layer, MyLayer, which extends gridLayer:
export var MyLayer = GridLayer.extend({
createTile: function(coords, done) {
var error;
var xmlhttprequest = new XMLHttpRequest();
xmlhttprequest.addEventListener('readystatechange', function() {
done(error, dothething());
});
xmlhttprequest.open('GET', /* url */);
xmlhttprequest.send();
},
});
The problem I have is the URL accepts the [0,0] to [999,999] coordinate system as parameters but I can't find how to actually get those. I understand there may be some decimal element but I can floor that as appropriate.
When centered on [500, 500, 13] the coords object contains { x: 15516, y: -21558, z: 13 }. When passed to L.CRS.Simple.pointToLatLng(coords, coords.z) I get { lat: 2.631591796875, lng: 1.89404296875 }.
I've downloaded the source code in an attempt to understand how this transformation happens from Map._move(center, zoom, data) but all that appears to do is call this.options.crs.latLngToPoint(), which is exactly what I reverse in L.CRS.Simple.pointToLatLng. I'm frankly at a loss.

First of all, I encourage you to read the Leaflet tutorial on L.CRS.Simple once again. Let me quote a relevant bit from there :
In a CRS.Simple, one horizontal map unit is mapped to one horizontal pixel, and idem with vertical. [...] we can set minZoom to values lower than zero:
So you have no reason to go down to zoom level 13 on your L.CRS.Simple map by default, really. For a [0,0]-[999,999] map, use zoom level zero for an overview, or use map.fitBounds([[0,0],[999,999]]).
The values that the createTile() method receives are tile coordinates, not CRS coordinates. A level-0 tile is split into four level-1 tiles, sixteen level-2 tiles, 64 level-3 tiles, and so on, up to 2^13 tiles at level 13. This is easier to visualize by playing with a L.GridLayer that displays the tile coordinates, like:
var grid = L.gridLayer({
attribution: 'Grid Layer',
// tileSize: L.point(100, 100),
});
grid.createTile = function (coords) {
var tile = L.DomUtil.create('div', 'tile-coords');
tile.innerHTML = [coords.x, coords.y, coords.z].join(', ');
return tile;
};
map.addLayer(grid);
Second: you want to use the internal _tileCoordsToBounds method, defined at L.GridLayer. Give it a set of tile coordinates, and you'll get back a L.LatLngBounds with the area covered by such a tile.
The following example (try it live here) should put you on track. Remember to read the documentation for L.LatLngBounds as well.
var grid = L.gridLayer({
attribution: 'Grid Layer',
// tileSize: L.point(100, 100),
});
grid.createTile = function (coords) {
var tile = L.DomUtil.create('div', 'tile-coords');
var tileBounds = this._tileCoordsToBounds(coords);
tile.innerHTML = [coords.x, coords.y, coords.z].join(', ') +
"<br>" + tileBounds.toBBoxString();
return tile;
};
map.addLayer(grid);

How to change cluster zoom level on click with Leaflet map?

I have a leaflet map that has zoom levels 2-7 and uses the MarkerCluster plugin, by default I have the L.MarkerClusterGroup disable clustering a zoom level 2 (which means no clustering) and I'm trying to allow the user to click a button that then changes the clustering zoom level to 5. Is this possible?
I know I could do it by making two markercluster groups, one that has no clustering and one that has clustering and remove/add it based on click but that just seems incredibly messy. Really, there's several ways to do it but they are so incredibly clunky.
Code:
Default (2 is the lowest level of zoom):
var markers = new L.MarkerClusterGroup (
{
disableClusteringAtZoom: 2,
maxClusterRadius: 100,
animateAddingMarkers: true
});
What I want to do be able to do:
$('#mcluster').click(function() {
//do some code that sets the disableClusterAtZoom to 5
});

I could not find a way to disable clustering or set a new value for disableClustering at zoom, but I found a less clunky way of achieving this.
var markers = new L.LayerGroup(); //non cluster layer is added to map
markers.addTo(map);
var clusters = new L.MarkerClusterGroup (
{
disableClusteringAtZoom: 5,
maxClusterRadius: 100,
animateAddingMarkers: true
}); //cluster layer is set and waiting to be used
var clusterStatus = 'no'; //since non cluster group is on by default, the status for cluster is set to no
$('#mcluster').click(function( event ) {
if(clusterStatus === 'no'){
clusterStatus = 'yes';
var current1 = markers.getLayers(); //get current layers in markers
map.removeLayer(markers); // remove markers from map
clusters.clearLayers(); // clear any layers in clusters just in case
current1.forEach(function(item) { //loop through the current layers and add them to clusters
clusters.addLayer(item);
});
map.addLayer(clusters);
} else {
clusterStatus = 'no'; //we're turning off clustering here
var current2 = clusters.getLayers(); //same code as before just reversed
map.removeLayer(clusters);
markers.clearLayers();
current2.forEach(function(item) {
markers.addLayer(item);
});
map.addLayer(markers);
}
});
I'm sure there is a more elegant solution but with my still growing knowledge this is what I came up with.

I know you needed a solution a few months ago, but just to let you know that I released recently a sub-plugin for Leaflet.markercluster that can perform exactly what you are looking for (with a few extra code): Leaflet.MarkerCluster.Freezable (demo here).
var mcg = L.markerClusterGroup().addTo(map),
disableClusteringAtZoom = 2;
function changeClustering() {
if (map.getZoom() >= disableClusteringAtZoom) {
mcg.disableClustering(); // New method from sub-plugin.
} else {
mcg.enableClustering(); // New method from sub-plugin.
}
}
map.on("zoomend", changeClustering);
$('#mcluster').click(function () {
disableClusteringAtZoom = (disableClusteringAtZoom === 2) ? 5 : 2;
changeClustering();
});
mcg.addLayers(arrayOfMarkers);
// Initially disabled, as if disableClusteringAtZoom option were at 2.
changeClustering();
Demo: http://jsfiddle.net/fqnbwg3q/3/
Note: in the above demo I used a refinement to make sure the markers merge with animation when clustering is re-enabled. Simply use a timeout before using enableClustering():
// Use a timeout to trigger clustering after the zoom has ended,
// and make sure markers animate.
setTimeout(function () {
mcg.enableClustering();
}, 0);

How to use 'chunky' (coarse-grained) zoom levels with Leaflet maps?

I am using Leaflet.js for desktop and mobile browser-based maps, and need to support a variety of map tile services. Some of these tile services are defined with coarse zoom levels (like 1, 5, 10, 15), and if I make a request for an unsupported zoom level, the service does not return a tile. (For example, if I request service/tiles/6/x/y when zoom level 6 is not supported).
Leaflet tile layers support minZoom and maxZoom but I'm trying to figure out if there is a best practice for doing coarse zoom levels, and if other folks have encountered this.
I found this post on GitHub that addresses tile scaling for unsupported zoom levels: https://github.com/Leaflet/Leaflet/pull/1802
But I am not sure if this applies. (I'm not sure I want to scale or 'tween' the zoom levels... but if this makes sense and is not too difficult I am willing to try.)
I've started experimenting with this approach which gets messy because zooming can cause more zooming and I have to differentiate user-driven zooms from system-driven zooms:
// layer metadata (assumption: Levels is in ascending order of zoom)
var layerDef = { Title: 'Service lines', Levels: [10, 15, 19] };
// create Leaflet Tile Layer and show on map
var layer = L.tileLayer('://host/service/{z}/{x}/{y}');
layer.minZoom = layerDef.Levels[0];
layer.maxZoom = layerDef.Levels[layerDef.Levels-1];
layer.addTo(map);
// initialize lastZoom for coarse zoom management
var lastZoom = map.getZoom();
var userZoom = true;
// handle supported zoom levels when zoom changes
map.on('zoomend', function (e)
{
// get new zoom level
var z = e.target._zoom || map.getZoom();
if (userZoom) // assume user initiated this zoom
{
// is this zoom level supported?
var zIdx = $.inArray(z, layerDef.Levels);
if (zIdx === -1)
{
// zoom level is not supported; zoom out or in to supported level
// delta: < 0 for zoom out, > 0 for zoom in
var zDelta = z - lastZoom;
var zLastIdx = $.inArray(lastZoom, layerDef.Levels);
var newZoom = -1;
if (zDelta > 0)
{
// user zoomed in to unsupported level.
// zoom in to next supported level (rely on layer.maxZoom)
newZoom = layerDef.Levels[zLastIdx + 1];
}
else
{
// user zoomed out to unsupported level.
// zoom out to next supported level (rely on layer.minZoom)
newZoom = layerDef.Levels[zLastIdx - 1];
}
if (newZoom !== -1)
{
userZoom = false; // set flag
setTimeout(function ()
{
map.setZoom(newZoom); // set zoom -- seems to not work if called from within zoomend handler
}, 100); // delay call to setZoom() to fix issue
}
}
}
else
{
userZoom = true; // clear flag
}
lastZoom = z;
});
(Side note: I hope the reason for coarse zoom levels is obvious: it can get expensive to create and store raster tiles at each zoom level, especially for large geographic areas, and especially when used with offline mobile devices with their own [local] tile servers, limited wireless data plans, limited storage capacity, etc. This is perhaps not something you might encounter with toy apps and Google maps, for example, but rather with domain-specific and mobile applications in which space and bandwidth are at a premium.)
Thanks!
UPDATE: I found that the problem I was having with this code is that map.setZoom(z) does not work right when called from within the zoomEnd handler (it does set the zoom, but causes display issue with gray/nonexistent tiles, perhaps because Leaflet is still in process of scaling / zooming). Fix was to use setTimeout to delay the call to setZoom() a bit. However, I'm still really curious if anybody else has dealt with this, and if there is a 'better way'... (I updated above code to work with setZoom fix)

There is currently a commit under review in Leaflet's repository on GitHub. It adds zoomFactor to the map's options. Maybe that's what you're looking for. At least, i think it will work just as long as your available tileset has zoomlevels which are (don't know if this is the correct technical term) multiples of the lowest available zoomlevel.
See: https://github.com/Leaflet/Leaflet/pull/3285

The following (no guarantees, based on this) should work with Leaflet v1.7.3 but probably not with current master.
It uses a serverZooms option to specify available zoom levels on the tile server as an ordered array.
Overrides L.TileLayer._getZoomForUrl to return a matching or the next lower available server zoom. Also overrides L.TileLayer._getTileSize to increase tile size in order to scale the tiles in between server zooms.
L.TileLayer.Overzoom = L.TileLayer.extend({
options: {
// List of available server zoom levels in ascending order. Empty means all
// client zooms are available (default). Allows to only request tiles at certain
// zooms and resizes tiles on the other zooms.
serverZooms: []
},
// add serverZooms (when maxNativeZoom is not defined)
// #override
_getTileSize: function() {
var map = this._map,
options = this.options,
zoom = map.getZoom() + options.zoomOffset,
zoomN = options.maxNativeZoom || this._getServerZoom(zoom);
// increase tile size when overscaling
return zoomN && zoom !== zoomN ?
Math.round(map.getZoomScale(zoom) / map.getZoomScale(zoomN) * options.tileSize) :
options.tileSize;
},
// #override
_getZoomForUrl: function () {
var zoom = L.TileLayer.prototype._getZoomForUrl.call(this);
return this._getServerZoom(zoom);
},
// Returns the appropriate server zoom to request tiles for the current zoom level.
// Next lower or equal server zoom to current zoom, or minimum server zoom if no lower
// (should be restricted by setting minZoom to avoid loading too many tiles).
_getServerZoom: function(zoom) {
var serverZooms = this.options.serverZooms || [],
result = zoom;
// expects serverZooms to be sorted ascending
for (var i = 0, len = serverZooms.length; i < len; i++) {
if (serverZooms[i] <= zoom) {
result = serverZooms[i];
} else {
if (i === 0) {
// zoom < smallest serverZoom
result = serverZooms[0];
}
break;
}
}
return result;
}
});
(function () {
var map = new L.Map('map');
map.setView([50, 10], 5);
new L.TileLayer.Overzoom('http://{s}.tile.openstreetmap.org/{z}/{x}/{y}.png', {
serverZooms: [0, 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 17],
attribution : '© <a target="_parent" href="http://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright">OpenStreetMap</a> contributors'
}).addTo(map);
})();
body {
margin: 0;
}
html, body, #map {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://cdn.leafletjs.com/leaflet-0.7.3/leaflet.css" />
<script src="http://cdn.leafletjs.com/leaflet-0.7.3/leaflet.js"></script>
<div id="map"></div>

Google Maps v3: Enforcing min. zoom level when using fitBounds

I'm drawing a series of markers on a map (using v3 of the maps api).
In v2, I had the following code:
bounds = new GLatLngBounds();
... loop thru and put markers on map ...
bounds.extend(point);
... end looping
map.setCenter(bounds.getCenter());
var level = map.getBoundsZoomLevel(bounds);
if ( level == 1 )
level = 5;
map.setZoom(level > 6 ? 6 : level);
And that work fine to ensure that there was always an appropriate level of detail displayed on the map.
I'm trying to duplicate this functionality in v3, but the setZoom and fitBounds don't seem to be cooperating:
... loop thru and put markers on the map
var ll = new google.maps.LatLng(p.lat,p.lng);
bounds.extend(ll);
... end loop
var zoom = map.getZoom();
map.setZoom(zoom > 6 ? 6 : zoom);
map.fitBounds(bounds);
I've tried different permutation (moving the fitBounds before the setZoom, for example) but nothing I do with setZoom seems to affect the map. Am I missing something? Is there a way to do this?

At this discussion on Google Groups I discovered that basically when you do a fitBounds, the zoom happens asynchronously so you need to capture the zoom and bounds change event. The code in the final post worked for me with a small modification... as it stands it stops you zooming greater than 15 completely, so used the idea from the fourth post to have a flag set to only do it the first time.
// Do other stuff to set up map
var map = new google.maps.Map(mapElement, myOptions);
// This is needed to set the zoom after fitbounds,
google.maps.event.addListener(map, 'zoom_changed', function() {
zoomChangeBoundsListener =
google.maps.event.addListener(map, 'bounds_changed', function(event) {
if (this.getZoom() > 15 && this.initialZoom == true) {
// Change max/min zoom here
this.setZoom(15);
this.initialZoom = false;
}
google.maps.event.removeListener(zoomChangeBoundsListener);
});
});
map.initialZoom = true;
map.fitBounds(bounds);
Anthony.

Without trying it, I'd say you should be able to do it just by having fitBounds() before you get the zoom level, i.e.
map.fitBounds(bounds);
var zoom = map.getZoom();
map.setZoom(zoom > 6 ? 6 : zoom);
If you did try that and it didn't work, you can setup your map with minZoom in the MapOptions (api-reference) like this:
var map = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById("map"), { minZoom: 6 });
This would keep the map from zooming any further out when using fitBounds().

Anthony's solution is very nice. I only needed to fix the zoom for the inital page load (ensuring that you weren't too far zoomed in to start with) and this did the trick for me:
var zoomChangeBoundsListener =
google.maps.event.addListener(map, 'bounds_changed', function(event) {
google.maps.event.removeListener(zoomChangeBoundsListener);
map.setZoom( Math.min( 15, map.getZoom() ) );
});
map.fitBounds( zoomBounds );

You can also set the maxZoom option just before calling fitBounds() and reset the value afterwards:
if(!bounds.isEmpty()) {
var originalMaxZoom = map.maxZoom;
map.setOptions({maxZoom: 18});
map.fitBounds(bounds);
map.setOptions({maxZoom: originalMaxZoom});
}

When you call map.fitBounds() on one item - the map may zoom in too closely. To fix this, simply add 'maxZoom' to mapOptions...
var mapOptions = {
maxZoom: 15
};

In my case, I simply wanted to set the zoom level to one less than what google maps chose for me during fitBounds. The purpose was to use fitBounds, but also ensure no markers were under any map tools, etc.
My map is created early and then a number of other dynamic components of the page have an opportunity to add markers, calling fitBounds after each addition.
This is in the initial block where the map object is originally created...
var mapZoom = null;
Then this is added to each block where a marker is added, right before the map.fitBounds is called...
google.maps.event.addListenerOnce(map, 'bounds_changed', function() {
if (mapZoom != map.getZoom()) {
mapZoom = (map.getZoom() - 1);
map.setZoom(mapZoom);
}
});
When using 'bounds_changed' without the check in place, the map zoomed out once for every marker regardless of whether it needed it or not. Conversely, when I used 'zoom_changed', I would sometimes have markers under map tools because the zoom didn't actually change. Now it is always triggered, but the check ensures that it only zooms out once and only when needed.
Hope this helps.

Since Google Maps V3 is event driven, you can tell the API to set back the zoom to a proper amount when the zoom_changed event triggers:
var initial = true
google.maps.event.addListener(map, "zoom_changed", function() {
if (initial == true){
if (map.getZoom() > 11) {
map.setZoom(11);
initial = false;
}
}
});
I used initial to make the map not zooming too much when the eventual fitBounds is permorfed, but to let the user zoom as much as he/she wants. Without the condition any zoom event over 11 would be possible for the user.

I found the following to work quite nicely. It is a variant on Ryan's answer to https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3334729/.... It guarantees to show an area of at least two times the value of offset in degrees.
const center = bounds.getCenter()
const offset = 0.01
const northEast = new google.maps.LatLng(
center.lat() + offset,
center.lng() + offset
)
const southWest = new google.maps.LatLng(
center.lat() - offset,
center.lng() - offset
)
const minBounds = new google.maps.LatLngBounds(southWest, northEast)
map.fitBounds(bounds.union(minBounds))

I just had the same task to solve and used a simple function to solve it.
it doesn't care how many Markers are in the bounds - if there are a lot and the zoom is already far away, this zooms a little bit out, but when there is only one marker (or a lot very close to each other), then the zoomout is significant (customizable with the extendBy variable):
var extendBounds = function() {
// Extends the Bounds so that the Zoom Level on fitBounds() is a bit farer away
var extendBy = 0.005;
var point1 = new google.maps.LatLng(
bounds.getNorthEast().lat() + extendBy,
bounds.getNorthEast().lng() + extendBy
)
var point2 = new google.maps.LatLng(
bounds.getSouthWest().lat() - extendBy,
bounds.getSouthWest().lng() - extendBy
)
bounds.extend(point1);
bounds.extend(point2);
}
To use it, I use an own function to do the fitBounds():
map is my GoogleMap Object
var refreshBounds = function() {
extendBounds();
map.fitBounds(bounds);
}