I need to interface with third-party organizations. They need to add a digital signature to the data and put it in the request header.
I found that jsrsasign.js could be helpful so I am using that to do the digital signature, but always with the wrong result.
my code:
import { RSAKey, KEYUTIL, KJUR, hex2b64 } from 'jsrsasign'
export function signature (url) {
// 创建RSAKey对象
var rsa = new RSAKey()
let k = '-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----x-----END PRIVATE KEY-----'
// 将密钥转码
rsa = KEYUTIL.getKey(k)
// 创建Signature对象，设置签名编码算法
var sig = new KJUR.crypto.Signature({'alg': 'SHA256withRSA'})
// 初始化
sig.init(rsa)
console.log('***url***', url)
// 传入待加密字符串
sig.updateString(url)
// 生成密文
var sign = hex2b64(sig.sign())
console.log('**sign**', sign)
return sign
}
I'm a jsrsasign maintainer. It shall be work if your code or page is in UTF-8 even though Chinese, Cyrillic or Japanese characters.
Related
I am trying to generate encoded docket number from storeId and transactionId. Encoded docket number has to be unique, length should be <=9 and easy to read/copy for users as well.
The maximum length of storeId is 3 and maximum length of transactionId is 5.
How can I improve my code so that my docket number will be unbreakable?
Here is my code:
let myTransKey = 19651;
let myStoreKey = 186;
function generateShortCode(storeId, transactionId) {
//reverse the ids and then add the respective key
var SID = storeId.toString().split("").reverse().join("");
SID = parseInt(SID) + myStoreKey;
var TID = transactionId.toString().split("").reverse().join("");
TID = parseInt(TID) + myTransKey;
var docketNum = `${SID}-${TID}`;
return docketNum;
}
function decodeShortCode(shortCode) {
shortCode = shortCode.split("-");
var storeID = shortCode[0];
var transactionID = shortCode[1];
//subtract the same key and then reverse the ids again
storeID = parseInt(storeID.toString()) - myStoreKey;
storeID = storeID.toString().split("").reverse().join("");
transactionID = parseInt(transactionID.toString()) - myTransKey;
transactionID = transactionID.toString().split("").reverse().join("");
return {
storeId: parseInt(storeID), // store id goes here,
shopDate: new Date(), // the date the customer shopped,
transactionId: parseInt(transactionID) // transaction id goes here
};
}
Is there any better way to do this? I need to encode docket number in a way which will be really hard to decode by any third person.
Every encrypted message can be broken if an attacker tries every possible decryption key (this is called a brute-force attack). With modern computers, this is really easy to do. The way that you are encoding data is very easy to break (within seconds). However, there are encryption methods that take very long to break (like millions of years long).
One of the more popular encryption algorithms is AES. Because it is so popular, there are also many easy-to-use libraries for JavaScript. Here's an example with CryptoJS:
const KEY = "a super secret password";
let myTransKey = 19651;
let myStoreKey = 186;
function generateShortCode(storeId, transactionId) {
const docketNum = `${storeId}-${transactionId}`;
return CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(docketNum, KEY).toString().replace("=", "");
}
function decodeShortCode(shortCode) {
const docketNum = CryptoJS.AES.decrypt(shortCode, KEY).toString(CryptoJS.enc.Utf8);
const parts = docketNum.split("-");
return {
storeId: parseInt(parts[0]), // store id goes here,
shopDate: new Date(), // the date the customer shopped,
transactionId: parseInt(parts[1]) // transaction id goes here
};
}
const s1 = generateShortCode(myStoreKey, myTransKey);
console.log("Short Code: " + s1);
console.log("Decrypted Short Code:", decodeShortCode(s1));
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/crypto-js/3.1.2/rollups/aes.js" integrity="sha256-/H4YS+7aYb9kJ5OKhFYPUjSJdrtV6AeyJOtTkw6X72o=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
This shortcode is longer than 9 characters, but it very secure and nearly unbreakable. This is really just the tradeoff. If you reduce the length of the shortcode, then you won't be able to have a secure shortcode. Users can still easily copy and paste the code though. If you absolutely need a shorter cipher, then try looking at Skip32.
Be sure to change KEY to a secret key that isn't shared with anyone. Also, be sure not to run this code client-side. If the encryption key is sent to the client, then they could look at the JavaScript code and then be able to decrypt any message.
well this work for me with visual compser in Wordpress
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I am using Java to encrypt a text payload with Triple DES. First I create an ephemeral key that I will use for encrypting the payload:
private byte[] createEphemeralKey() throws Exception {
KeyGenerator keygen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("DESede");
keygen.init(168);
return keygen.generateKey().getEncoded();
}
Then I encrypt my payload with said key:
private String encryptTripleDES(byte[] ephemeralKey, String payload) throws Exception {
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DESede/ECB/NoPadding");
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, new SecretKeySpec(ephemeralKey, "DESede"));
byte[] plainTextBytes = payload.getBytes();
byte[] cipherText = cipher.doFinal(plainTextBytes);
return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(cipherText);
}
Also need a padding function to ensure the data length is divisable by 8:
private String adjustPadding(String input, int blockSize) {
int len = input.length() % blockSize;
int paddingLength = (len == 0) ? 0 : (blockSize - len);
while (paddingLength > 0) {
input += "F";
paddingLength--;
}
return input;
}
And here is my process end to end:
String data = "Marnus"
byte[] = ephemeralKey = createEphemeralKey();
String adjustedData = adjustPadding (data,8);
String encryptedPayload = encryptTripleDES(ephemeralKey, adjustedData);
String encodedKey = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(ephemeralKey)
So I take the 2 variables encryptedPayload and encodedKey, that are both Base64 encoded string, and send it off via HTTP to node express app.
In the Javascript side of things, I use node-forge - Here is the part of my express app that does the decryption:
let nodeBuffer = Buffer.from(data, 'base64')
let input = forge.util.createBuffer(nodeBuffer.toString('binary'))
// 3DES key and IV sizes
let keySize = 24;
let ivSize = 8;
let derivedBytes = forge.pbe.opensslDeriveBytes(ephemeralKey, null, keySize + ivSize);
let buffer = forge.util.createBuffer(derivedBytes);
let key = buffer.getBytes(keySize)
let iv = buffer.getBytes(ivSize)
let decipher = forge.cipher.createDecipher('3DES-ECB', key)
decipher.start({iv: iv})
decipher.update(input)
console.log('decipher result', decipher.finish())
let decryptedResult = decipher.output.data;
Here is an Triples DES example in the node-forge docs:
A few notes:
I create a node-forge buffer from a regular buffer since I don't have a input file like the examples gives. Here is how the docs states one should create one buffer from the other:
*I use base64 as that is what I used in the java side to encode the data that was sent.
Then, I dont have a salt so I left the 2'nd param null in opensslDeriveBytes as specified in the docs I should do.
Thirdly, I am also not sure if my keysize of 24 is correct?
My results
So doing an end to end test yields the following:
In my Java app, the test data was "Marnus", the encryptedPayload was ez+RweSAd+4= and the encodedKey was vCD9mBnWHPEBiQ0BGv7gc6GUCOoBgLCu.
Then in my javascript code data was obviously ez+RweSAd+4=(encryptedPayload) and the ephemeralKey was vCD9mBnWHPEBiQ0BGv7gc6GUCOoBgLCu(encodedKey).
After the decryption ran, the value of decryptedResult was ©ýÕ?µ{', which is obviously just garbage since it was not encoded yet, but I cant figure out which encoding to use?
I tried using forge.util.encode64(decipher.output.data), but that just gave me qf3VP7UYeyc=, which is not right.
For what it's worth, here is the type that decipher.output
With a lot more tweaking and testing different options, I got it working - and the good news is I managed to get it all working with the built in crypto library in nodejs (v12.18.4).
First things first, the JAVA side just needs a change to the key size (from 168 to 112), the rest remains the same - see below example as one single method (should be split up in final implementation of course for testability and usability):
//Some data:
String payload = "{\"data\":\"somedata\"}";
// Create Key
KeyGenerator keygen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("DESede");
keygen.init(112);
byte[] ephemeralKey = keygen.generateKey().getEncoded();
// Adjust the data, see adjustPadding method in the question for details.
String data = adjustPadding (payload,8);
// Wil now be "{"data":"somedata"}FFFFF", can just chop off extra in JS if need be. When sending JSON one knows the end of the object will always be "}"
// Do Encrypt
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DESede/ECB/NoPadding");
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, new SecretKeySpec(ephemeralKey, "DESede"));
byte[] plainTextBytes = data.getBytes();
byte[] cipherText = cipher.doFinal(plainTextBytes);
String encryptedPayload = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(cipherText);
//Lastly, Base64 the key so you can transport it too
String encodedKey = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(ephemeralKey)
on the Javascript side of things we keep it simple:
// I'm using TS, so change the import if you do plain JS
import crypto = require('crypto')
//need bytes from the base64 payload
let buff = Buffer.from(ephemeralKey, 'base64')
const decipher = crypto.createDecipheriv('des-ede3', buff, null)
decipher.setAutoPadding(false)
let decrypted = decipher.update(data, 'base64', 'utf8')
decrypted += decipher.final('utf8')
console.log(decrypted)
//{"data":"somedata"}FFFFF"
I'm using node-ffi to access a dll supplied by a custom hardware i bought, the dll uses device driver to do things, they don't supply dll docs but they have a sample app in c#, the dll is used in c# like this:
[DllImport("POS_CIDR.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
private static extern IntPtr CIDR_Info();
...
result = Marshal.PtrToStringUni(CIDR.CIDR_Info());
...
now i try to access CIDR_Info function of dll with following node code:
var ffi = require('ffi')
var ref = require('ref')
var int = ref.types.int;
var libprime = ffi.Library('POS_CIDR.dll', {
'CIDR_Info': [ int ,[]],
});
console.log(libprime.CIDR_Info()); // 73402156
now from what i understad the function returns an integer containing the address of a string, how can i dereference that integer to string in node?
i couldnt find any way to set address of a buffer in node.
update
ok i found how to read that string with this code :
var ffi = require('ffi')
var ref = require('ref')
var stringPtr = ref.refType(ref.types.CString);
var int = ref.types.int
var libprime = ffi.Library('POS_CIDR.dll', {
'CIDR_Info': [ stringPtr ,[]],
});
buf = new Buffer(255);
buf=libprime.CIDR_Info();
console.log(ref.readCString(buf, 0));
now the console outputs p which is the first char of string, if i set the offset to 2 it gives o which is the second char, i think there is a problem with encoding that readCString sees a null char after each char.
any idea how to fix that?
I have a password which is encrypt from JavaScript via
var password = 'sample'
var passphrase ='sample_passphrase'
CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(password, passphrase)
Then I tried to decrypt the password comes from JavaScript in Python:
from Crypto.Cipher import AES
import base64
PADDING = '\0'
pad_it = lambda s: s+(16 - len(s)%16)*PADDING
key = 'sample_passphrase'
iv='11.0.0.101' #------> here is my question, how can I get this iv to restore password, what should I put here?
key=pad_it(key) #------> should I add padding to keys and iv?
iv=pad_it(iv) ##
source = 'sample'
generator = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_CFB,iv)
crypt = generator.encrypt(pad_it(source))
cryptedStr = base64.b64encode(crypt)
print cryptedStr
generator = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_CBC,iv)
recovery = generator.decrypt(crypt)
print recovery.rstrip(PADDING)
I checked JS from browser console, it shows IV in CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(password, passphrase) is a object with some attributes( like sigBytes:16, words: [-44073646, -1300128421, 1939444916, 881316061]). It seems generated randomly.
From one web page, it tells me that JS has two way to encrypt password
(reference link ):
a. crypto.createCipher(algorithm, password)
b. crypto.createCipheriv(algorithm, key, iv)
What I saw in JavaScript should be option a. However, only option b is equivalent to AES.new() in python.
The questions are:
How can I restore this password in Python without changing JavaScript code?
If I need IV in Python, how can I get it from the password that is used in JavaScript?
You will have to implement OpenSSL's EVP_BytesToKey, because that is what CryptoJS uses to derive the key and IV from the provided password, but pyCrypto only supports the key+IV type encryption. CryptoJS also generates a random salt which also must be send to the server. If the ciphertext object is converted to a string, then it uses automatically an OpenSSL-compatible format which includes the random salt.
var data = "Some semi-long text for testing";
var password = "some password";
var ctObj = CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(data, password);
var ctStr = ctObj.toString();
out.innerHTML = ctStr;
<script src="https://cdn.rawgit.com/CryptoStore/crypto-js/3.1.2/build/rollups/aes.js"></script>
<div id="out"></div>
Possible output:
U2FsdGVkX1+ATH716DgsfPGjzmvhr+7+pzYfUzR+25u0D7Z5Lw04IJ+LmvPXJMpz
CryptoJS defaults to 256 bit key size for AES, PKCS#7 padding and CBC mode. AES has a 128 bit block size which is also the IV size. This means that we have to request 32+16 = 48 byte from EVP_BytesToKey. I've found a semi-functional implementation here and extended it further.
Here is the full Python (tested with 2.7 and 3.4) code, which is compatible with CryptoJS:
from Cryptodome import Random
from Cryptodome.Cipher import AES
import base64
from hashlib import md5
BLOCK_SIZE = 16
def pad(data):
length = BLOCK_SIZE - (len(data) % BLOCK_SIZE)
return data + (chr(length)*length).encode()
def unpad(data):
return data[:-(data[-1] if type(data[-1]) == int else ord(data[-1]))]
def bytes_to_key(data, salt, output=48):
# extended from https://gist.github.com/gsakkis/4546068
assert len(salt) == 8, len(salt)
data += salt
key = md5(data).digest()
final_key = key
while len(final_key) < output:
key = md5(key + data).digest()
final_key += key
return final_key[:output]
def encrypt(message, passphrase):
salt = Random.new().read(8)
key_iv = bytes_to_key(passphrase, salt, 32+16)
key = key_iv[:32]
iv = key_iv[32:]
aes = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_CBC, iv)
return base64.b64encode(b"Salted__" + salt + aes.encrypt(pad(message)))
def decrypt(encrypted, passphrase):
encrypted = base64.b64decode(encrypted)
assert encrypted[0:8] == b"Salted__"
salt = encrypted[8:16]
key_iv = bytes_to_key(passphrase, salt, 32+16)
key = key_iv[:32]
iv = key_iv[32:]
aes = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_CBC, iv)
return unpad(aes.decrypt(encrypted[16:]))
password = "some password".encode()
ct_b64 = "U2FsdGVkX1+ATH716DgsfPGjzmvhr+7+pzYfUzR+25u0D7Z5Lw04IJ+LmvPXJMpz"
pt = decrypt(ct_b64, password)
print("pt", pt)
print("pt", decrypt(encrypt(pt, password), password))
Similar code can be found in my answers for Java and PHP.
JavaScript AES encryption in the browser without HTTPS is simple obfuscation and does not provide any real security, because the key must be transmitted alongside the ciphertext.
[UPDATE]:
You should use pycryptodome instead of pycrypto because pycrypto(latest pypi version is 2.6.1) no longer maintained and it has vulnerabilities CVE-2013-7459 and CVE-2018-6594 (CVE warning reported by github). I choose pycryptodomex package here(Cryptodome replace Crypto in code) instead of pycryptodome package to avoid conflict name with Crypto from pycrypto package.
In a web form the answers (packed in a jsonstring) are encrypted in several steps. First a random key is generated. Second the random key is used for AES encryption of the jsonstring. The random key is encrypted as well. Both are send in the body of a mail.
// Generate Random key
var rand_key = ('0000' + Math.random().toString(36).replace('.', '')).substr(-10);
console.log('rand_key', rand_key)
//var pubkey = "MFwwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADSwAwSAJBALDjeFwFNhMCjMwcRVVKG1VvfsntEVPR3lNTujJnNk1+iSqZ4Tl5Lwq9GbwO+qlYVwXHNmeqG7rkEhL9uyDIZVECAwEAAQ=="
// rsa_key_public07012016.bin
//var pubkey = "MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCv8FVei4Q2ehmYsSCv/uODSojIOGHwfQe686S1cEH5i/1mGME5ZzNqyy0d+lhMRD0tr7Sje7JoCEC/XRIZaiKJjpl1+3RXotf/Cx3bd9H7WtitshZB1m38ZZFsrX4oigMpUPFbCefMeBS4hvvNnmtl08lQGhfIXdXeflZsgWRHtQIDAQAB";
// my_pub_key.pem
var pubkey ="MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEA38gtENP9/hpirSCIsPh6CAVm0UmME4XBlPyK8yhwk079EUJpNzlEhu9HKcA/B7Fxo2lNoY9Tb9e+PYtJ6+VOB4+Y6zgGMX7cchYmumKRTbbQ6FNfBE5Q8XnOAUlgC7gNrs0e5lW7JH1kWlK+eTT4TANT7F3US09aXmym+fZaRInbXmJujGnDIbRIIbzr5FE82EeMpw2TqRWV466wz5EeFWSSQ8EqV1pSox8B1ywb6cnB/Vofs2qR9Zf2efi9TMcSGm/ij/p9IZcbLeep9qfGsv29lbLNMfwNwQyH0JU27eAM4tPdirceZPxfD6iiILmKzN253BMoAeQCp6us53CnGQIDAQAB"
// Make form_data a JSON string
var jsonstring = JSON.stringify(form_data);
// Create AES encrypted object
var aes_encrypted_json = CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(jsonstring, rand_key);
// Encrypt rand_key
var encrypt = new JSEncrypt();
//console.log('encrypt obj', encrypt);
encrypt.setPublicKey(pubkey);
var encrypted_rand_key = encrypt.encrypt(rand_key);
//var encrypted = encrypt.encrypt(jsonstring);
console.log('encypted', encrypted_rand_key);
var mail_body = encrypted_rand_key + aes_encrypted_json
console.log('body', mail_body)
var mailto_string = "mailto:info#xyz.com?subject=FORM&body=" + encodeURIComponent(mail_body);
$('#mailtosend').attr('href', mailto_string);
At the recipient mail server side I want to decrypt the random generated key and the jsonstring using a private key using the pycryptodome package.
from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
from Crypto.Cipher import PKCS1_v1_5
from base64 import *
def decrypt(key, text):
if type(key) == str:
key = key.encode()
if type(text) == str:
text = text.encode()
rsakey = RSA.importKey(key)
rsakey = PKCS1_v1_5.new(rsakey)
d = rsakey.decrypt(text, 'bolloux')
return d
# rand_key am2mhiwwmi
text = "ZvcrluUmZLY3lRRw01W9mQnhMn7zzpIWn1Bo3csM/ZZ0pWY/8H2dCB9fZDi9/cmp0UtIqDXhLd7SIwyxqrFgPcHUuEHlZl0WQcjSty8PjadG2Abulk1XqEQV4u0Gb/bFGDBMcf5tV1G0d4FFcBPE8r8inrxUjSj2CSffVL8gIGq3ZfY5g7t5FOZV8npBCEONgOLKYnzIiHrHUuXWsOaMAqxMFOLd5DTDLKAkyMybDClsLW9ka+CvWd5fnZBCvO2ziehFp7b9PG4QPSnQpdC8jNLGZB2h0FI8YQD6IyUwmVluUbAlPMqwd6A2CBdGCbfbMChaA5R7bJgKkYhPOQTjaQ=="
text = b64decode(text.encode())
with open('my_priv_key.pem', 'rb') as f:
key = f.read()
decrypt(key, text)
I run into a encoding problem. "UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xf7 in position 1: ordinal not in range(128)" The encoding is complicating the issue beyond my capabilities.
My questions:
1. How can I resolve the encoding problem ?
2. How can I make the decryption work ?
Thanks
The issue is more than likely caused by b64decode(text) returning a str that contains values such as \xf7 and then attempting to .encode() those values within your decrypt function. encode will use the default encoding which in this case is ascii. I would personally remove the calls to encode unless you specifically have a reason you are doing so.