React Hooks: handle multiple inputs - javascript

on react docs forms section there is the following example using class components:
class Reservation extends React.Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this.state = {
isGoing: true,
numberOfGuests: 2
};
this.handleInputChange = this.handleInputChange.bind(this);
}
handleInputChange(event) {
const target = event.target;
const value = target.type === 'checkbox' ? target.checked : target.value;
const name = target.name;
this.setState({
[name]: value
});
}
render() {
return (
<form>
<label>
Is going:
<input
name="isGoing"
type="checkbox"
checked={this.state.isGoing}
onChange={this.handleInputChange} />
</label>
<br />
<label>
Number of guests:
<input
name="numberOfGuests"
type="number"
value={this.state.numberOfGuests}
onChange={this.handleInputChange} />
</label>
</form>
);
}
}
Considering Hooks can only be called either in a React function component or a custom React Hook function is there a way of doing it using hooks instead?

you can clean up #adam 's final solution a bit by not using the useCallback hook, and instead simply using the useState hook as a controlled component.
const MyComponent = () => {
const [inputs, setInputs] = useState({});
const handleChange = e => setInputs(prevState => ({ ...prevState, [e.target.name]: e.target.value }));
return (
<>
<input name="field1" value={inputs.field1 || ''} onChange={handleChange} />
<input name="field2" value={inputs.field2 || ''} onChange={handleChange} />
</>
)
}

example
const MyComponent = () => {
const [inputs,setInputs] = useState({});
return (
<>
<input key="field1" name="field1" onChange={({target}) => setInputs(state => ({...state,field1:target.value}))} value={inputs.field1}/>
<input key="field2" name="field2" onChange={({target}) => setInputs(state => ({...state,field2:target.value}))} value={inputs.field2}/>
</>
)
}
you can pass in initial values like this:
const MyComponent = (initialValues = {}) => {
const [inputs,setInputs] = useState(initialValues);
...
}
EDIT: A nice short onChange according to #hamidreza's comment
const MyComponent = (initialValues = {}) => {
const [inputs,setInputs] = useState(initialValues);
const onChangeHandler = useCallback(
({target:{name,value}}) => setInputs(state => ({ ...state, [name]:value }), [])
);
return (
<>
<input key="field1" name="field1" onChange={onChangeHandler} value={inputs.field1}/>
<input key="field2" name="field2" onChange={onChangeHandler} value={inputs.field2}/>
</>
)
}
etc, etc, etc

Maybe, on the last example onChangeForField('...') will be triggered on each render, so maybe you have to write onChange={()=>onChangeForField('...')} or if you want the event to get passed onChange={(e)=>onChangeForField('...', e)}

I was looking for the same answer,but i was finding difficulty to understand the previous solutions,so i tried in my own way ,and i found a solution.
const [inputs,setInputs] = useState({
'field1':'',
'field2':'',
});
const handleChange = (e) => {
const name = e.target.name; //it is the name of that input
const value = e.target.value; //value of that input
setInputs((prev) => {
prev[name] = value;//changing the updated value to the previous state
return prev;
});
};
return (
<>
<input key="field1" name="field1" onChange={handleChange} value={inputs.field1}/>
<input key="field2" name="field2" onChange={handleChange} value={inputs.field2}/>
</>

adding to Adam's answer and for those who are looking towards typescript solution,
interface MyIType {
field1: string;
...
}
//Partial from typescript to make properties optional
interface MyFormType extends Partial<MyIType> {}
const [inputs,setInputs] = useState<MyFormType>(initialValues);
const onChangeForField = useCallback(({target}) =>
setInputs(_state => {
return {
..._state,
[target.name]: target.value,
};
}),
[]
);

If you were like me, having multiple inputs on multiple pages using the same input id/name/key, try value={data.xxx || ''} .
Full code:
const [data, setData] = useState<any>({});
const handleValueChanges = e => {
setData({
...data,
[e.target.name]: e.target.value,
});
};
<InputText (using prime react)
id="firstName"
name="firstName"
value={data.firstName || ''}
onChange={handleUpdate}
/>

As of v6 you can use .forEach(), Please refer to the migrate guide
[{name: "firstName", value: "Safwat" }, {name: "lastName", value: "Fathi", }].forEach(({name, value}) => setValue(name, value));

Related

How to get inputs data from multiple text box in for loop in React js and pass it to Api

I am trying to build a quiz application where I want to generate no of Question input fields based on admin inputs.
So suppose the admin enters 10 questions for the quiz.
Then I am rendering the form inside for loop for 10 Questions and their answers respectively.
The problem I am facing is I am not able to get all values from input fields.
Below is my demo code:
import { useState } from "react";
const MyComponent = () => {
const [inputs, setInputs] = useState({});
const handleChange = (e) =>
setInputs((prevState) => ({
...prevState,
[e.target.name]: e.target.value
}));
const finalData = (e) => {
e.preventDefault();
console.log("data", inputs);
};
function buildRows() {
const arr = [];
for (let i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
arr.push(
<div key={i} id={i}>
<input name="Question" onChange={handleChange} />
<input name="option1" onChange={handleChange} />
<input name="option2" onChange={handleChange} />
<input name="option3" onChange={handleChange} />
<input name="option4" onChange={handleChange} />
</div>
);
}
return arr;
}
return (
<>
{buildRows()}
<button
onClick={(e) => finalData(e)}
variant="contained"
className="button-left"
sx={{ marginRight: 3.5 }}
>
Submit Quiz Questions
</button>
</>
);
};
export default MyComponent;
You could use the id (or any other unique property, a unique name would probably be preferred) you're giving your div and build your object with that as an array index like so:
const handleChange = (e) => {
const parent = e.currentTarget.parentNode;
const id = parent.id;
setInputs((prevState) => ({
...prevState,
[id]: {
...prevState[id],
[e.target.name]: e.target.value
}
}));
};
This produces an object like this:
{
"1":{
"Question":"1",
"option1":"2",
"option2":"3",
"option3":"4",
"option4":"5"
},
"2":{
"Question":"6",
"option1":"7",
"option2":"8",
"option3":"9",
"option4":"11"
},
"3":{
"Question":"22",
"option1":"33",
"option2":"44",
"option3":"55",
"option4":"66"
}
}

How to add input validation in react?

I am having a simple form that has firstName and lastName.
<label htmlFor="firstName">First Name: </label>
<input
type="text"
className="form-control"
id="firstName"
name="firstName"
value={basicDetails.firstName}
onChange={(event) => handleInputChange(event)}
/>
<label htmlFor="lastName">Last Name: </label>
<input
type="text"
className="form-control"
id="lastName"
name="lastName"
value={basicDetails.lastName}
onChange={(event) => handleInputChange(event)}
/>
For this I am trying to add validation.
The validation rules are,
Both fields should accept only text
First name is required and should have at least 4 characters.
If Last name field has value, then it needs to be at least 3 characters.
Things I have tried to achieve this,
components/utils.js
export function isLettersOnly(string) {
return /^[a-zA-Z]+$/.test(string);
}
components/basic_details.js
const handleInputChange = (event) => {
const { name, value } = event.target;
if (!isLettersOnly(value)) {
return;
}
setValue((prev) => {
const basicDetails = { ...prev.basicDetails, [name]: value };
return { ...prev, basicDetails };
});
};
On handle input field, I am making the validation to check whether the input has value but I am unable to get the point how to catch the actual validation error and display below respective input box.
Kindly please help me to display the validation message on the respective fields.
Working example:
I suggest adding an errors property to the form data in form_context:
const [formValue, setFormValue] = useState({
basicDetails: {
firstName: '',
lastName: '',
profileSummary: '',
errors: {},
},
...
});
Add the validation to basic_details subform:
const ErrorText = ({ children }) => (
<div style={{ color: 'red' }}>{children}</div>
);
const BasicDetails = () => {
const [value, setValue] = React.useContext(FormContext);
const { basicDetails } = value;
const handleInputChange = (event) => {
const { name, value } = event.target;
if (!isLettersOnly(value)) {
setValue((value) => ({
...value,
basicDetails: {
...value.basicDetails,
errors: {
...value.basicDetails.errors,
[name]: 'Can have only letters.',
},
},
}));
return;
}
switch (name) {
case 'firstName': {
const error = value.length < 4 ? 'Length must be at least 4.' : null;
setValue((value) => ({
...value,
basicDetails: {
...value.basicDetails,
errors: {
...value.basicDetails.errors,
[name]: error,
},
},
}));
break;
}
case 'lastName': {
const error = value.length < 3 ? 'Length must be at least 3.' : null;
setValue((value) => ({
...value,
basicDetails: {
...value.basicDetails,
errors: {
...value.basicDetails.errors,
[name]: error,
},
},
}));
break;
}
default:
// ignore
}
setValue((prev) => {
const basicDetails = { ...prev.basicDetails, [name]: value };
return { ...prev, basicDetails };
});
};
return (
<>
<br />
<br />
<div className="form-group col-sm-6">
<label htmlFor="firstName">First Name: </label>
<input
type="text"
className="form-control"
id="firstName"
name="firstName"
value={basicDetails.firstName}
onChange={(event) => handleInputChange(event)}
/>
</div>
<br />
{basicDetails.errors.firstName && (
<ErrorText>{basicDetails.errors.firstName}</ErrorText>
)}
<br />
<br />
<div className="form-group col-sm-4">
<label htmlFor="lastName">Last Name: </label>
<input
type="text"
className="form-control"
id="lastName"
name="lastName"
value={basicDetails.lastName}
onChange={(event) => handleInputChange(event)}
/>
</div>
<br />
{basicDetails.errors.lastName && (
<ErrorText>{basicDetails.errors.lastName}</ErrorText>
)}
<br />
</>
);
};
Lastly, check the field values and errors to set the disabled attribute on the next button in index.js. The first !(value.basicDetails.firstName && value.basicDetails.lastName) condition handles the initial/empty values state while the second condition handles the error values.
{currentPage === 1 && (
<>
<BasicDetails />
<button
disabled={
!(
value.basicDetails.firstName && value.basicDetails.lastName
) ||
Object.values(value.basicDetails.errors).filter(Boolean).length
}
onClick={next}
>
Next
</button>
</>
)}
This pattern can be repeated for the following steps.
First you must be getting converting controlled component to uncontrolled component error in your console. For controlled component it is always preferred to use state to set value for the input. And with onChange handler you set the state. I will try to put into a single component so you would get the idea and apply your case
import React, {useState} from 'react';
import {isLettersOnly} from './components/utils'; // not sure where it is in your folder structure
const MyInputComponent = ({value, ...props}) => {
const [inputValue, setInputValue] = useState(value || ''); // input value should be empty string or undefined. null will not be accepted.
const [error, setError] = useState(null);
const handleChange = event => {
const { name, value } = event.target;
if (!isLettersOnly(value)) {
setError('Invalid Input');
}
setInputValue(value);
}
return (
<>
<input
value={inputValue}
onChange={handleChange}
{...props}
/>
{error && (
<span className={"error"}>{error}</span>
)}
</>
)
}
export default MyInputComponent;
This is a very rudimentary component. just to show the concept. You can then import this component as your input field and pass necessary props like name, className etc from parent.
import React from 'react';
import MyInputComponent from 'components/MyInputComponent';
const MyForm = (props) => {
return props.data && props.data.map(data=> (
<MyInputComponent
name="lastName"
className="form-control"
value={data.lastName}
));
}

input target value from child component

I've managed to get my input component to render onto the dom, however I'm having a bit of trouble accessing the props.
Functional input component
const InputField = props => {
const { inputValue, updateInputValue } = props
return (
<Input>
<input
type="text"
placeholder="Please specify"
value={inputValue}
onChange={updateInputValue}
/>
<hr />
<label>Other</label>
</Input>
)
}
The component is only rendered to the dom based on an object property inside of an array
const MultiChoiceQuestions = props => {
const { multiChoiceArray, handleClick } = props
return (
<ButtonContainer>
{multiChoiceArray.map(questionChoice => {
if (questionChoice.type === 'input') {
return <InputField />
}
return (
<Button type="button" key={questionChoice.id} onClick={() => handleClick(questionChoice)}>
{questionChoice.text}
</Button>
)
})}
</ButtonContainer>
)
}
The multiChoice component is imported once again to create a top-level component that the app consumes
const Question = props => {
let responses
switch (props.data.type) {
case 'multiChoice':
responses = (
<MultiChoiceQuestions
multiChoiceArray={props.data.choices}
handleClick={props.handleClick}
inputValue={props.inputValue}
updateInputValue={props.updateInputValue}
/>
)
break
default:
responses = <div>Error: no question type: `{props.data.type}`</div>
}
const { data } = props
return (
<AnimatedDiv key={data.id}>
<QuestionText>{data.text}</QuestionText>
{responses}
</AnimatedDiv>
)
}
And the final component looks like this
class Survey extends Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props)
this.state = {
currentQuestionId: 1,
userAnswers: [],
isActive: false,
inputValue: '',
}
this.selectAnswer = this.selectAnswer.bind(this)
this.test = this.test.bind(this)
}
selectAnswer = answer => {
this.setState(state => ({
currentQuestionId: state.currentQuestionId + 1,
userAnswers: state.userAnswers.concat([answer]),
isActive: !state.isActive,
}))
}
checkInput = event => {
this.setState({
inputValue: event.target.value,
})
}
test = event => {
console.log(event.target.value)
}
render() {
const { currentQuestionId, isActive, inputValue } = this.state
const { questions } = this.props
const currentPercentage = (currentQuestionId * 100) / questions.length
return (
<SurveyContainer>
<Question
data={questions.find(q => q.id === currentQuestionId)}
className={isActive ? 'active' : ''}
handleClick={this.selectAnswer}
value={inputValue}
onChange={this.test}
/>
</SurveyContainer>
)
}
}
The InputField component renders out just fine, however, the function for my onChange event is not firing...There's a mistake somewhere in the pipeline, probably inside the question component?
It looks like you haven't passed any props to <InputField /> in your MultiChoiceQuestions component.
I can not see where you pass props from
<MultiChoiceQuestions>
...
<InputFiled props={props} />
...
</MultiChoiceQuestions>
Probably pass only the props which are needed in InputField component, such as inputValue, updateInputValue:
<InputFiled
inputValue={inputValue}
updateInputValue={updateInputValue}
/>
const InputField = (inputValue, updateInputValue) => {
...
<input
type="text"
placeholder="Please specify"
value={inputValue}
onChange={(e) => updateInputValue(e)}
/>
...
}
Hope that will help.

React hooks: Can't update state inside function component

I'm new to React and am trying to figure out how to make a phonebook. I've gotten quite far but I'm having an issue I can't solve. I'm using React Hooks.
Everything works fine, except for when I call the setNewNumber('') and setNewName('') functions at the end of addPerson(), just before the filteredEntries const.
I want to reset the input fields in the form to empty strings ('') once the other code inside addPerson() is done running, but it seems like the two functions are never called since the value for newName and newNumber don't change to '' (instead they keep the values the user added). However, my other useState functions (setPersons() and setFilteredPersons()) work inside addPerson()...
I've tried reading the documentation and asking around but haven't found a solution. I'd be very grateful for any clues/help!
import React, { useState } from 'react'
import Person from './components/Person'
const App = () => {
const [ persons, setPersons ] = useState([
{ name: 'Cat', number: '111' },
{ name: 'Dog', number: '222' },
{ name: 'Horse', number: '333' },
{ name: 'Owl', number: '444' }
])
const [filteredPersons, setFilteredPersons] = useState([...persons])
const [ newName, setNewName ] = useState('')
const [ newNumber, setNewNumber ] = useState('')
const addPerson = (event) => {
event.preventDefault()
const createPerson = () => {
const personObject = {
name: newName,
number: newNumber,
}
setPersons([...persons, personObject])
setFilteredPersons([...persons, personObject]) //varför går det inte att bara köra [...persons?]
}
const upperCaseNewName = newName.toUpperCase()
let doubleName
persons.map(person => {
const upperCasePerson = person.name.toUpperCase()
if(upperCaseNewName === upperCasePerson) {
doubleName = upperCasePerson
}
return doubleName
})
if (doubleName === undefined) {
createPerson()
} else if(doubleName === upperCaseNewName) {
alert(`${newName} is already in the phonebook`)
}
setNewName('')
setNewNumber('')
}
const filterEntries = event => {
let filtered = persons.filter(person => {
return person.name.toUpperCase().indexOf(event.target.value.toUpperCase()) !== -1
})
setFilteredPersons(filtered)
}
const renderPersons = () => filteredPersons.map(person =>
<Person key={person.name} name={person.name} number={person.number}/>
)
return (
<div>
<h2>Phonebook</h2>
<p>Filter entries:</p> <input onChange={(event) => filterEntries(event)}/>
<form>
<div>
name: <input onChange={(event) => setNewName(event.target.value)}/>
<br/>
phone: <input onChange={(event) => setNewNumber(event.target.value)}/>
</div>
<div>
<button type="submit" onClick={addPerson}>add</button>
</div>
</form>
<h2>Numbers</h2>
{renderPersons()}
</div>
)
}
export default App
The person component at the top just contains this code:
import React from 'react'
const Person = (props) => {
return(
<>
<p>{props.name} {props.number}</p>
</>
)
}
export default Person
Your components are not actually tied to your state values. You need them to be "controlled." Check out the docs for more examples :)
https://reactjs.org/docs/forms.html#controlled-components
<input value={newName} onChange={event => setNewName(event.target.value)} />
The reset is working correctly. What you forgot to do is add the value to each input. Without the value attribute the input is considered an uncontrolled component. By the sounds of it, you're looking to control the value via code.
Change
<div>
name: <input onChange={event => setNewName(event.target.value)} />
<br />
phone: <input onChange={event => setNewNumber(event.target.value)} />
</div>
to
<div>
name: <input value={newName} onChange={event => setNewName(event.target.value)} />
<br />
phone: <input value={newNumber} onChange={event => setNewNumber(event.target.value)} />
</div>
Codesandbox Demo
You have missed adding value attribute to input and thus your component is not the "Controlled" component.
You can read more here.
Changes needed
<input
value={newName}
onChange={event => setNewName(event.target.value)}
/>
<br />
phone:
<input
value={newNumber}
onChange={event => setNewNumber(event.target.value)}
/>
Codesandbox Link: https://codesandbox.io/s/crimson-frog-ecp98
Hope this Helps!

Using Dynamic Var with `Set` State in React Hooks?

This is a pretty common pattern in React components:
handleTextFieldChange(event)
{
const name = event.currentTarget.name;
this.setState({[name]: event.currentTarget.value})
}
What Javascript syntax could be used to do the same with React hooks?
i.e. something possibly along the lines of:
handleTextFieldChange(event)
{
const name = event.currentTarget.name;
this.set[name](event.currentTarget.value);
}
You could use a single useState with a default value of an object that contains all your input values and update that like you are used to with class components.
Example
const { useState } = React;
function App() {
const [state, setState] = useState({ email: "", password: "" });
function onChange(event) {
const { name, value } = event.target;
setState(prevState => ({ ...prevState, [name]: value }));
}
return (
<div>
<input value={state.email} name="email" onChange={onChange} />
<input value={state.password} name="password" onChange={onChange} />
</div>
);
}
ReactDOM.render(<App />, document.getElementById("root"));
<script src="https://unpkg.com/react#16/umd/react.development.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom#16/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script>
<div id="root"></div>
How about something like this?
function handleTextFieldChange(mySetFunction, event) {
const value = event.currentTarget.value;
mySetFunction(value);
}
<TextField
placeholder="Email"
name="passwordResetEmailAddress"
onChange={(e) => handleTextFieldChange(setPasswordResetEmailAddress, e)}
>
{passwordResetEmailAddress}
</TextField>
I've tested it and it works.
class Yup extends React.Component {
state = {
first: "",
second: ""
};
handleTextFieldChange = ({ target: { name, value } }) =>
this.setState({ [name]: value });
render() {
const { first, second } = this.state;
return (
<div>
<p>{first}</p>
<p>{second}</p>
<input type="text" name="first" onChange={this.handleTextFieldChange} />
<input
type="text"
name="second"
onChange={this.handleTextFieldChange}
/>
</div>
);
}
}
same with hook
function Yup() {
const [{ first, second }, setState] = useState({ first: "", second: "" });
function handleTextFieldChange({ target: { name, value } }) {
setState(prevState => ({ ...prevState, [name]: value }));
}
return (
<div>
<p>{first}</p>
<p>{second}</p>
<input type="text" name="first" onChange={handleTextFieldChange} />
<input type="text" name="second" onChange={handleTextFieldChange} />
</div>
);
}
You can dynamically update a state for the target field by receiving an update state function as an argument in onChange function.
Example
import React, { useState } from "react";
const App = () => {
const [email, setEmail] = useState("");
const [password, setPassword] = useState("");
const onChangeHandler = (setIdentifierState, event) => {
setIdentifierState(event.target.value);
};
return (
<div>
<p>{"Email: " + email}</p>
<p>{"Password: " + password}</p>
<input
type="text"
placeholder="email"
onChange={onChangeHandler.bind(null, setEmail)}
/>
<input
type="text"
placeholder="password"
onChange={onChangeHandler.bind(null, setPassword)}
/>
</div>
);
};
export default App;
I recently tackled this same problem while converting my components from classes to functions. I ended up creating an object that could then point to the separate state hooks:
const textStates = {};
const setTextStates= {};
for (var name of names) {
let [textState, setTextState] = useState("");
textStates[name] = textState;
setTextStates[name] = setTextState;
}
I solved it this way (a slightly more dynamic solution than what #VikR offered)
const [title, setTitle] = useState("");
const [desc, setDesc] = useState("");
const [video, setVideo] = useState("");
const handleChange = setter => event => {
const value = event.target.value;
//special cases
if (setter === setVideo) {
setInvalidVideo(!ReactPlayer.canPlay(value))
}
setter(value)
}
Then in my code:
<TextField fullWidth value={title} type="date"
label={t('service.ticket.add.title')}
placeholder={t('service.ticket.add.titlePh')}
onChange={handleChange(setTitle)} variant="outlined"/>

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