Develop Reference

What's the best way to pass markdown to an Astro component as a prop

What I'm trying to do
A simple way to render the content of a markdown file when it's passed as a string to another component using .compiledContent (or even using .rawContnent)? Or even a better way than this as obviously usually in Astro we can use the <Content /> Component, but from my knowledge, I can't pass a component or this functionality to another component without using a <slot /> in the parent component.
I have some JS for the parent component and using a <slot/> instead of passing the props to the component would change things, so hopefully looking for a solution with using this.
My setup
Data stored in /src/data/experience as markdown files with a year and a description formatted as markdown in the content section of each file
A component called Tabs.astro which takes props of headings and contents which are both lists of strings
A page /src/pages/experience.astro with the Tabs component in it which is displaying this data
I take the below code to get the data from the markdown files and pass the years and descriptions to the Tab component.
experience.astro
---
import Tabs from "../components/Tabs.astro";
const jobs = await Astro.glob("../data/experience/*.md");
const years = jobs.map((job) => job.frontmatter.year);
const descriptions = jobs.map((job) => job.compiledContent);
---
<!-- My component taking the data to be rendered -->
<Tabs headings={years} contents={descriptions} />
Tabs.astro
And the component renders the info like so
<!-- Tabs -->
<div class="tabs">
<ul class="tabs-header">
{
headings.map((heading) => (
<li>{heading}</li>
))
}
</ul>
<ul class="tabs-content">
{contents.map((content) => <li class="tab">{content}</li>)}
</ul>
</div>
My current solution
At the moment using .compiledContent gets me the correct HTML, however it is all in a string so the HTML doesn't actually render.
What I'm looking for
Is there a native way in Astro to pass markdown as a prop to a component?
If not is there a manual and recommended way in Astro to convert a markdown string and sanitise it to protect against XSS attacks? (if this is a risk in Astro when rendered statically?)
If not what are your most recommended ways to render markdown and sanitise it in JS?
Thanks so much for your time and help! I'm loving using Astro
p.s Also happy to concede and just use a <slot/> in my component if needed... ;)

Astro has a set:html directive you can use in combination with a Fragment like this
<Fragment set:html={post.compiledContent()}/>

After a bit of struggling with this myself, the current solution from the Astro docs for a single file without looping is the following.
Import your file with {Content as YourAliasName} from '../yourPath/yourFileName.md'
Then just use it as a tag <YourAliasName />
Example from the docs for reference:
---
import {Content as PromoBanner} from '../components/promoBanner.md';
---
<PromoBanner />
https://docs.astro.build/en/guides/markdown-content/#the-content-component

How to automatically insert an html tag into a react component?

I am fetching HTML from my backend (generated by CKEditor) I am then using DangerouslySetInnerHTML to render said HTML like this :
const parsed = DOMPurify.sanitize(album.description)
<div dangerouslySetInnerHTML ={{ __html: parsed }} className={styles.albumDescription} </div>
It works fine and I'm able to render my HTML. However I'm having troubles with embed medias. CK editor returns the media link in a <oembed /> tag.
What I would like to do is that each time there is a <oembed />, insert them into <ReactPLayer /> component.
I understand I could probably use vanilla js DOM manipulation and use something like getElementsByTagName but I assume that's not great practice to do that in react.

Using the DOM manipulation the challenge would be to verbatim replace all the attributes that <oembed .... /> would have, not impossible though.
If the incoming html string is not HUGE (running in several MBs), a simple string regex manipulation should do the trick:
Option 1: If you are sure that it'll always be <oembed ... />, then the following works.
const desc = album.description;
oembed_2_player = desc.replaceAll(/\<oembed ([^\/]*)\/\>/gi,"<ReactPLayer $1 />");
const parsed = DOMPurify.sanitize(oembed_2_player)
<div dangerouslySetInnerHTML ={{ __html: parsed }} className={styles.albumDescription} </div>
Option 2: If you expect <oembed ....> ... & you want to translate it into <ReactPlayer ..same-as-in-oembed..> ..dito... then
const desc = album.description;
oembed_2_player = desc.replaceAll(/\<(oembed) ([^\>]*)\>([^\<]*)<\/\1\>/gi,"<ReactPLayer $2>$3</ReactPLayer>");
const parsed = DOMPurify.sanitize(oembed_2_player)
<div dangerouslySetInnerHTML ={{ __html: parsed }} className={styles.albumDescription} </div>
Hope this helps 👍

How to put html code inside react18next json translation file?

I have blog page on multiple languages and I use react-i18next library for translation.
I have one component called BlogPostPage where I show each post when it's opened, inside the component there is part for showing blog text like this:
import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
const [t] = useTranslation(["translation1", "overview"]);
..........
<Typography mb={2} component="p" variant="subtitle1">
{t(`text${state.id}1`)}
</Typography>
and my json translation file looks like this
{
"text51":"<h4>Welcome to our application</h4>",
}
So I want to put html code inside translation text since different post has different html code it really needs to be in json file and not in the component... is there any way that can be done?
Output of my code is:
<h4>Welcome to our application</h4>

Use the Trans component: https://react.i18next.com/latest/trans-component
<Trans i18nKey="text51">
<h4>Welcome to our application</h4>
</Trans>
With <0> instead of <h4>
"text51": "<0>Welcome to our application</0>"

Your issue is that react will try to escape any html it find in strings like this. If you absolutely need to do this you can use the following method:
<div dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{__html: t(`text${state.id}1`)}} />
Beware that there is a reason that react calls this prop dangerouslySetInnerHTML, and doing this is very much an anti-pattern.

How to open some child links in new tab in React

I have a page built with React (NextJS) and I am pulling some markup string content from Wordpress and inserting it into my JSX, like so:
...
<div className="wrapper">
<p
className="text-content"
dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{ __html: post.content.rendered }}
></p>
</div>
...
Now, the markup possibly contains links and I want to open all those links on new tab. So I tried:
...
<div className="wrapper">
<base target="_blank" />
<p
className="text-content"
dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{ __html: post.content.rendered }}
></p>
</div>
...
and all links in the markup are opened on new tab so, great. But the problem is that all other links in the page including those outside the div.wrapper element are opened in new tabs (since <base /> is scoped to the entire page) and I'll like to prevent this.
Since I can't use multiple <base /> on the same page, the other option I'm aware of is to loop through anchor tags of interest with document.querySelector(".wrapper a") and add the target attribute to all of them but, in React it's an anti-pattern to modify the DOM directly.
So I'm not sure how best to proceed. What do I do?

You can use DOMParser API to achieve that.
Here's a little snippet
const parser = new DOMParser();
const htmlText = `<div>Url link</div>`;
let content = parser.parseFromString(htmlText, "text/html");
const anchors = content.getElementsByTagName('a');
Array.from(anchors).forEach(a => {
a.setAttribute("target", "_blank");
})
console.log(content.body.innerHTML); // Here it is your new string
The code may need to be improved a bit, I've just typed this out of MDN example and I didn't have time to test it. Does this work?

Well first of all base element should only be inserted in html head element, and not inside the body html element, you could do that imperatively or using the react-helmet library - if you still need to use it.
dangerouslySetInnerHTML is in itself an imperative pice of code, but sometimes its the only possible solutions for a certain use cases, now regarding the links you could either do it using imperative code in a useEffect or componentDidMount, or you code use react-html-parser which will enable you to modify dom elements in a more declarative fashion - i say in a more declarative fashion because while its a react component in practice its still more imperative than its declarative in nature, but still better than custom code running in useEffect or componentDidMount

trying to add br tag between the text in react

I am trying to add br tag between the text in react.
can you guys tell me how to add it.
I tried adding br tag... but if I add I get tag in the browser.
providng my code below.
can you guys tell me how to fix it.
let sportsDescription = '';
if(sportsInfo !== '' && !isSportsSetupActive) {
sportsDescription = 'testing <br /> testing';
}else if(isSportsSetupActive) {
sportsDescription = 'testing <br /> testing';
}
return (
<div id="main" className="section flex-container flex-full">
<section className="page-content flex-item">
<section className="gray-box">
<h2>Welcome to your dashboard{formatName}.</h2>
<p className="ft-intro ft-day1 ft-day2">{sportsDescription}</p>
</section>
</section>
</div>
);

From the ReactJS Docs...
In general, setting HTML from code is risky because it's easy to inadvertently expose your users to a cross-site scripting (XSS) attack. So, you can set HTML directly from React, but you have to type out dangerouslySetInnerHTML and pass an object with a __html key, to remind yourself that it's dangerous.
In your example, {sportsDescription} is interpreted as a string. React won't see anything inside that variable as a DOM element. That's why your <br/> only renders as a string.
Alternatively, you could do this (but it's generally a bad idea)...
<p
className="ft-intro ft-day1 ft-day2"
dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{__html:sportsDescription}}
/>
This way, React correctly recognized your intent to include HTML inside the string sportsDescription and renders the desired <br/> element.
Here's a quote from an article that goes into greater detail about Getting Started with ReactJS:
The React module has a createClass method that takes an object as its only parameter. We define only one key to start with: render. The value of render is a function that returns a virtual DOM element. One of the keys to React’s performance is its virtual DOM abstraction. Essentially, it’s a difference engine that calculates the difference between the existing DOM and the DOM that is to be rendered and only modifies the necessary elements and attributes. Inside the render function, you may have noticed that I included HTML markup. That’s JSX. It won’t pass validation as legal Javascript. Instead, it requires the Babel transpiler.

JSX only looks like HTML. JSX is just a syntactic extension of Javascript, where every JSX "tag" is actually a call of React.createElement function. SO you can't treat JSX as HTML, and therefore you can't simply use strings with HTML inside and expect them to act like DOM. What you should do is return other valid JSX:
let sportsDescription = '';
if(sportsInfo !== '' && !isSportsSetupActive) {
sportsDescription = (
<span>testing<br />testing</span>
);
} else if(isSportsSetupActive) {
sportsDescription = (
<span>testing<br />testing</span>
);
}
return (
<div id="main" className="section flex-container flex-full">
<section className="page-content flex-item">
<section className="gray-box">
<h2>Welcome to your dashboard{formatName}.</h2>
<p className="ft-intro ft-day1 ft-day2">{sportsDescription}</p>
</section>
</section>
</div>
);
Here,
<span>testing<br />testing</span>
is actually four calls of React.createElement, the first one is for span element, and three other are for its children: text node, br, text node.
Please read the documentation carefully.