I am new to js.
I am trying to make a function that only calls input function f every 50 milliseconds.
wrote the code in the fiddle using setTimeout.
but isn't doing exactly what I wanted it to do
can you tell me how to fix it.
providing code below
https://jsfiddle.net/1pqznbgt/
function callSeconds(f){
setTimeout(function(){
alert("testing");
}, 500)
}
You are looking for setInterval instead of setTimeout (setTimeout will execute once, setInterval will execute at an interval)
The 500 in your sample means 500ms rather than 50ms
You will want to call f rather than your anonymous function, so:
What you are looking for is something like:
function callSeconds(f){
setInterval(f, 50);
}
The problem I see is that every time you call an alert() you are stopping execution of JavaScript and each browser can implement the alert differently . setTimeout() only executes once so if you call the function it will wait 500ms and issue an alert if you want a piece of code to operate continually you must use the setInterval() function but you still have the problem of how the browser chooses to handle the alert() function, normally an alert pauses execution of the current code, what effect that has on a timed execution function I do not know. I would try execution on something that does not pause or stop execution of the script. I also notice that in the code segment you have not invoked the parent function that would call the setTimeout function.
You can do one of 2 things here.
First, don't use setTimeout.
Instead use setInterval (f,50).
Or recursively call the function as so:
function foo (f){
f();
setTimeout (foo,50);
}
Related
Try to build setTimeout() in React js. I setup this in componentnDidMount() but it works only once. Not working loop.
The code:
componentDidMount() {
setTimeout(console.log("hello"), 1000);
}
The warning show:
[Violation] 'setInterval' handler took 99ms
How can I repeat this function?
setTimeout(function, waitTime)
when you pass a function to the setTimeout method, the method waits for a specified amount of time waitTime, and it calls the function function.
But passing in console.log('hello') only simply logs out "hello", but does not return anything and thus does not actually pass a function or callable into the method.
Many ways to go around this:
setTimeout(function(){console.log("hello");},1000); //passes an actual function
setTimeout(()=>{console.log("hello");},1000); //lambda, passes an actual function
setTimeout(()=>console.log("hello"),1000); //same here
Also, if it was supposed to be repeated over intervals, then use setInterval (same arguments as setTimeout).
Use setInterval(). Here is a good explanation: setTimeout or setInterval?
setTimeout()
setTimeout() only execute one time when the time reached.
setInterval()
setInterval() is an interval based function and execute repeatedly when the interval is reached.
And examples for setTimeout() and setInterval(). Hope it helps.
When using setInterval(f, time), is it possible that the function f is executed first before waiting for a time?
Not within the setInterval function itself. Just call it explicitly.
f();
setInterval(f, time);
Note : Even if you set an interval. It is not assured that the function will be triggered on time because javascript is single threaded and it will wait until the current executing function in the stack finishes.
The function passed inside setInterval wont fire the first time inside the setInteral. we have to invoke the function manually.
func();
setInterval(func, time);
If You want the function to be triggered before waiting x time, and then execute again after said time, and again and again, you have to explicitly call the function f before starting the interval like so:
var f = function () {
document.write('<p>Function executed</p>');
}
f();
setInterval(f, 3000);
Mind that the time is in milliseconds, so if you want the function to repeat every 1 seconds you should use the number 1000.
If you want the interval to be more precise consider putting it in a web worker, however support is not available in all browsers.
I am not so into JavaScript and I have the following doubt related the setTimeout() method.
So into a test script I have:
function simpleMessage() {
alert("This is just an alert box");
}
// settimeout is in milliseconds:
setTimeout(simpleMessage, 5000);
So when I perform the page, after 5 second the simpleMessage() function is performed and it is shown the alert popup.
I understand that when I do:
setTimeout(simpleMessage, 5000);
it means that the simpleMessage() function have to be performed after 5 second after the timer settings but why it is used simpleMessage and not simpleMessage() for the function invocation?
simpleMessage is a reference to a function whereas simpleMessage() executes the function. setTimeout needs a function reference to call a later time.
To perhaps make things a little more obvious, you could have written your function declaration as
// define my function (but don't execute it)
var myFunction = function() {
alert('SOUND THE ALARMS!');
};
// start a timer that will execute the given function after the given
// period of time
setTimeout(myFunction, 5000);
See setTimeout documentation.
The first argument to setTimeout is the function to be executed. The identifier simpleMessage refers to the function you want setTimeout to execute, so that's what you supply as an argument to setTimeout.
If you did setTimeout(simpleMessage(), 5000);, you would execute simpleMessage immediately and then setTimeout would get the return value as its first argument. This is comparable to:
var value = simpleMessage();
setTimeout(value, 5000);
This doesn't make sense; it is the same as setTimeout(simpleMessage(), 5000);.
Consider also a higher-order function that returns a function:
function funcFacotry() {
return function() { alert("this is just an alert box."); }
}
var simpleMessage = funcFactory();
setTimeout(simpleMessage, 5000);
In this case, this actually does make sense, because the return value of funcFactory is actually a function itself.
setTimeout in javascript executes the function after a specific amount of time set as the second parameter, while if you use with setInterval it will execute in intervals, without to consider if the function is get executed or not (this will lead to chunkiness for example if you ar using for animation).
As a metter of second question: if you are using the function with parentheses, this is a method invocation, while using without parentheses is a reference to a specific method.
Because you need to pass a reference to setTimeout of the function you want to invoke after the 5s.
This:
setTimeout(simpleMessage(), 5000);
would execute the simpleMessage function at the same time you're calling the setTimeout function.
I have a javascript function that runs every 3 seconds, is there any way to do nothing if a previous instance of the function is already running?
I assume you are running heavy function with setInterval and want to skip one tick if previous one has not completed.
Then, instead of
function yourfoo() {
// code
}
setInterval(yourfoo, 3000);
do:
function yourfoo() {
// code
setTimeout(yourfoo, 3000);
}
setTimeout(yourfoo, 3000);
This guarantees next call is not scheduled until previous one is completed.
you could define a boolean flag to indicate the running state of the function on a higher scope, and switch it on or off accordingly.
Yes.
This is done by default.
It's called JavaScript is single threaded.
Two functions can't run at the same time.
Your probably using setInterval which will internally buffer function calls until any currently running code is finished.
JavaScript is single threaded, meaning that only one block of JavaScript will get executed at a given time. So even when the timer fires the execution of the code will be queued until the next available moment. Important to know is that if you're using a setInterval only one interval "fire" will get queued and all others will be dropped until there are no more intervals of this type on the queue.
Here's a great explanation of how this works by jQuery's father John Resig: http://ejohn.org/blog/how-javascript-timers-work/
You could rewrite your code to use setTimeout, because that way you're guaranteed that the next executing of the code will only take place after waiting at least the stated number of milliseconds (can be more if execution is blocked). Using setInterval the blocking could result in a back-to-back execution of the code if the code takes a long time to finish.
So, do something like this to prevent the back-to-back execution:
var nrOfMillisecondsToWait = 200;
setTimeout(function() {
.. your code here
}, nrOfMillisecondsToWait);
Why when calling fadeIn() onLoad does the browser run through the loop immediately. In other words there is an issue with either the setInterval or the Opacityto().
function Opacityto(elem,v){
elem.style.opacity = v/100;
elem.style.MozOpacity = v/100;
elem.style.KhtmlOpacity = v/100;
elem.style.filter=" alpha(opacity ="+v+")";}
function fadeIn(){
elem=document.getElementById('nav');
for (i=0;i==100;i++){
setInterval(Opacityto(elem,i),100);}
}
I think someone will tell me this can be done easiest with jQuery but I'm interested in doing it with javascript.
Thanks!HelP!
You've got several problems with your fadeIn() function:
A. Your for loop condition is i==100, which is not true on the first iteration and thus the body of the for loop will never be executed (the i++ won't ever happen). Perhaps you meant i<=100 or i<100 (depending on whether you want the loop to run 101 or 100 times)?
B. Your setInterval code has a syntax error EDIT: since you've updated your question to remove the quotes - setInterval expects either a string or a function reference/expression. So you need to either pass it the name of a function without parentheses and parameters, or a function expression like the anonymous function expression you can see in my code down below. in the way you try to build the string you are passing it. You've got this:
"Opacityto("+elem,i+")"
but you need this:
"Opacityto(elem," + i + ")"
The latter produces a string that, depending on i, looks like "Opacityto(elem,0)", i.e., it produces a valid piece of JavaScript that will call the Opacityto() function.
C. You probably want setTimeout() rather than setInterval(), because setInterval() will run your Opacityto() function every 100ms forever, while setTimeout() will run Opacityto() exactly once after the 100ms delay. Given that you are calling it in a loop I'm sure you don't really want to call setInterval() 100 times to cause your function Opacityto() to be run 100 times every 100ms forever.
D. Even fixing all of the above, your basic structure will not do what you want. When you call setInterval() or setTimeout() it does not pause execution of the current block of code. So the entire for loop will run and create all of your intervals/timeouts at once, and then when the 100ms is up they'll all be triggered more or less at once. If your intention is to gradually change the opacity with each change happening every 100ms then you need the following code (or some variation thereon):
function fadeIn(i){
// if called with no i parameter value initialise i
if (typeof i === "undefined") {
i = -1;
}
if (++i <= 100) {
Opacityto(document.getElementById('nav'), i);
setTimeout(function() { fadeIn(i); }, 100);
}
}
// kick it off:
fadeIn();
What the above does is defines fadeIn() and then calls it passing no parameter. The function checks if i is undefined and if so sets it to -1 (which is what happens if you call it without passing a parameter). Then it increments i and checks if the result is less than or equal to 100 and if so calls Opacityto() passing a reference to the element and i. Then it uses setTimeout() to call itself in 100ms time, passing the current i through. Because the setTimeout() is inside the if test, once i gets big enough the function stops setting timeouts and the whole process ends.
There are several other ways you could implement this, but that's just the first that happened as I started typing...
My guess is that there is a nasty comma inside the setInterval, messing the argument list:
"Opacityto("+elem,i+")"
^^^
here
You could try quoting the comma
+ "," +
but eval is evil so don't do that. The good way is to pass a real callback function:
function make_opacity_setter(elem, i){
return function(){
OpacityTo(elem, i);
};
}
...
setTimeout( make_opacity_setter(elem, i), 1000);
Do note that the intermediate function-making-function is needed to avoid the nasty interaction between closures and for-loops.
BTW, when you do
setInterval(func(), 1000)
you call func once yourself and then pass its return value to setInterval. since setInterval receives a junk value instead of a callback it won't work as you want to.