Develop Reference

Require module defined in another script

Script A
;(function(g){
define('hotness', [], function() {
function f() {;
console.log('gotem');
}
return f;
});
define('otherModule', [], function() {});
})(this);
Script B
define([
'ScriptA',
], function() {
var hotness = require('hotness')
});
Error: Module name "hotness" has not been loaded yet for context: _
What is the recommended way to require in a definition from ScriptA in ScriptB?
I've also tried:
Script B Alt
define([
'require',
'ScriptA',
'hotness'
], function(require) {
var hotness = require('hotness')
});
Which gives me
Error loading resource ... /hotness.js: No such file or directory
Error: Script error for: hotness
EDIT:
It's important to note that ScriptA stands as is and will not be modified. The question is how can I get at the named module in ScriptA from ScriptB.
EDIT2:
I have no control over the HTML or any other aspect of the page. I must do everything within ScriptB.
EDIT3:
I have an example of something that works but it looks like a horrible antipattern work-around so I didn't even want to mention it:
define(['require'], function(require) {
// why use window? IDK.
// this is just verbatim what is "working" for someone else
window.require(['scriptA'], function(sA) {
//sA never actually used
window.require([
'otherModule'
], function(oM) {
var hotness = require('hotness'),

You should use a bundles configuration. Given what you've described works, you should use:
bundles: {
'scriptA': ['hotness', 'otherModule']
}
This essentially tells RequireJS "when you want to find hotness or otherModule then load scriptA because they are defined there". I use this every now and then to load modules from bundles that have been generated with r.js.
Other than this Joseph the Dreamer is correct that you should not in the same module mix the AMD and CommonJS methods of getting dependencies.

Your ScriptA uses named modules. They must be loaded after RequireJS but prior to any of the dependents. RequireJS does not recommend named modules unless you know what you're doing (like load a library like a regular script, and register it as a module at the same time).
Error: Module name "hotness" has not been loaded yet for context: _
This is a generic RequireJS error, when the module is loaded from the server, but somehow RequireJS can't provide it to the dependent. Usually happens when the module has syntax errors or when there's a circular dependency, among others.
ScriptB also has problems. It's trying to use both AMD style (array dependencies) and CommonJS style (explicit require). Just use one of the two syntaxes. Note that in the CommonJS format, it needs the module to have a first argument named require to trigger CommonJS format of writing.
define(['hotness'], function(hotness) {
// use hotness
});
// or
define(function(require){
var hotness = require('hotness');
// use hotness
});
Error loading resource ... /hotness.js: No such file or directory
Be sure to set a base url. It can be implicit (based on the data-main location) or explicit (using require.config). Module names are usually paths + filenames relative to the base url.
It is advised that you use one file per module, containing a module definition that has no name (the file name becomes the name of the module) and resides somewhere under the set baseUrl.

How to inject a dependency on an external script

I'm using a cloud service called Parse in a JavaScript closure injected with require.js:
define([/*some dependencies*/],
function(/*some dependencies*/) {
...
// using Parse. For example:
var TestObject = Parse.Object.extend("TestObject");
...
}
The tutorial for using Parse in Javascript instructs to include their script in the HTML header:
<script src="//www.parsecdn.com/js/parse-1.4.2.min.js"></script>
I don't want the HTML page to depend on Parse and I don't want to clutter the HTML with external scripts. Instead, I would like to require parse-1.4.2.min.js directly from the script. What's the proper way of doing so? How do I define this dependency and make it work?

Similar to jQuery, Parse adds itself to the global scope on load. If no other scripts depend on it, it can simply be included as a dependency in a module or require call.
require([
'https://www.parsecdn.com/js/parse-1.4.2.min.js',
], function () {
console.log(Parse);
}
If you are using any other non-AMD scripts that depend on Parse (or any other library) you will need to use a config/shim. It tells requireJS what order it should load the scripts, based on their dependencies.
E.g. when using a jQuery plugin, you wouldn't want it to load and execute before jQuery itself.
A config/paths setup also helps organise your project by allowing script locations to be defined in a single location and then included by reference.
See the requireJS docs for more info.
The following config/require successfully loads Parse and a fictional plugin:
require.config({
// define paths to be loaded, allows locations to be maintained in one place
paths: {
parse: 'https://www.parsecdn.com/js/parse-1.4.2.min',
plugin: 'example-non-amd-parse-plugin.js'
},
// define any non-amd libraries and their dependancies
shim: {
parse: {
exports: 'Parse'
},
plugin: {
exports: 'plugin',
deps: ['parse']
}
}
});
require(['parse'], function(Parse){
console.log(Parse);
});
// note Parse is not required
require(['plugin'], function(plugin){
// Parse is available as it is depended on by plugin and on the global scope
console.log(Parse, plugin);
});

So after all I just wrote this and it seems to work. Don't know what the problem was in the first place...
define(["https://www.parsecdn.com/js/parse-1.4.2.min.js"],
function () {

How to use require.js with complicated source tree, or import something else from CommonJS'es main.js?

My JS code is Backbone.js based, so I think it is a good idea to separate "classes" with this logic as shown on picture (though I'm not sure where to place templates - in this packages or in global templates folder, and do not mind main.js - it is not related to CommonJS packages) :
Now since there is fairly lot of them - I've decided to use require.js to deal with this bunch of <script src=... tags but got stuck with app.js config file (which is the only one that I include like this -
<script data-main="/static/js/app.js" src="/static/js/libmin/require.js"></script>
What do I mean with stuck - of course I can iterate all this js files in require statement using names like PlayerApp/PlayerAppController.js, or using paths directive (not sure if it will make the code look not that ugly), but it would be cool if I can use something like python's from package import *, and of course there is no such thing in require.js.
The most similar thing is packages directive, but seems like it allows you to import only main.js from each package, so then the question is - what is the most correct way to load other files of concrete package from CommonJS's main.js? I have even found a way to determine current .js file's name and path - like this, and given that I can make up other files names in current package(if I will keep naming them with the same pattern), but still do not know how to import them from main.js
Edit:
There might be an opinion that it is not very clear what exactly am I asking, so let me get this straight: how on Earth do I import a huge amount of javascript files with that project structure in the most nice way?

You are mis-understanding the purpose of a module loader. require.js is not there to make it easy for you to import all of your packages into the current namespace (i. e. the browser). It is there to make it easy to import everything you need to run app.js (based on your data-main attribute). Don't try to import * - instead, just import thingYouNeed.
Configuration
What you will want to do is set up your require.config() call with all the necessary paths for libraries like Backbone that don't support AMD and then update your code to explicitly declare its dependencies:
require.config({
// Not *needed* - will be derived from data-main otherwise
baseUrl: '/static/js/app',
paths: {
// A map of module names to paths (without the .js)
backbone: '../libmin/backbone',
underscore: '../libmin/underscore',
jquery: '../libmin/jquery.min',
jqueryui.core: '../libmin/jquery.ui.core'
// etc.
}
shim: {
// A map of module names to configs
backbone: {
deps: ['jquery', 'underscore'],
exports: 'Backbone'
},
underscore: {
exports: '_'
},
jquery: {
exports: 'jQuery'
},
// Since jQuery UI does not export
// its own name we can just provide
// a deps array without the object
'jqueryui.core': ['jquery']
}
});
Dependencies
You will want to update your code to actually use modules and declare your dependencies:
// PlayerAppModel.js
define(['backbone'], function(Backbone) {
return Backbone.Model.extend({modelStuff: 'here'});
});
// PlayerAppView.js
define(['backbone'], function(Backbone) {
return Backbone.View.extend({viewStuff: 'here'});
});
// PlayerAppController.js
define(['./PlayerAppModel', './PlayerAppView'],
function(Model, View) {
// Do things with model and view here
// return a Controller function of some kind
return function Controller() {
// Handle some route or other
};
});
Now, when you require(['PlayerApp/PlayerAppController'], function(Controller) {}) requirejs will automatically load jQuery, underscore, and Backbone for you. If you never actually use mustache.js then it will never be loaded (and when you optimize your code using the r.js compiler, the extra code will be ignored there as well).

How can I use a local file during Require.js optimisation, but a CDN-hosted version at runtime?

My page includes several components that exist as separate AMD modules. Each of these components is turned into a single file by the Require.js optimiser. Because several of these components share dependencies (e.g. jQuery and d3), the optimiser paths config uses CDN URLs for those dependencies, rather than bundling them into the optimised file.
Here's where it gets tricky. I've written a module loader plugin for Ractive.js called rvc.js, which allows me to include Ractive components that are defined in HTML files. (Yes, I'm asking for help on how to use my own library.)
This works fine - code like this gets optimised as you'd expect:
define( function ( require ) {
var ChartView = require( 'rvc!views/Chart' );
var view = new ChartView({ el: 'chart' });
});
Because Ractive is used by several of the components, it should be served from a CDN like jQuery and d3. But it's used by rvc.js during the optimisation process, which means that the Ractive entry for the optimiser's paths config can't point to a CDN - it has to point to a local file.
Is there a way to tell Require.js 'use the local file during optimisation, but load from CDN at runtime'?

So here's the solution I eventually settled on. It feels somewhat kludgy, but it works:
Stub out the loaders and the library you don't want bundled
Add an onBuildWrite function that rewrites modules depending on the library, so that they think they're requiring something else entirely - in this case Ractive_RUNTIME
Add an entry to your runtime AMD config's paths object, so that Ractive_RUNTIME points to the CDN
My optimiser config now looks like this:
{
baseUrl: 'path/to/js/',
out: 'build/js/app.js',
name: 'app',
optimize: 'none',
paths: {
'amd-loader': 'loaders/amd-loader',
'rvc': 'loaders/rvc',
'Ractive': 'lib/Ractive'
},
stubModules: [ 'amd-loader', 'rvc', 'Ractive' ],
onBuildWrite: function ( name, path, contents ) {
if ( contents === "define('Ractive',{});" ) {
// this is the stub module, we can kill it
return '';
}
// otherwise all references to `Ractive` need replacing
return contents.replace( /['"]Ractive['"]/g, '"Ractive_RUNTIME"' );
}
}
Meanwhile, the script that loads the app.js file created by the optimiser has a config entry that points to the CDN:
require.config({
context: uniqueContext,
baseUrl: baseUrl,
paths: {
'amd-loader': 'loaders/amd-loader',
'rvc': 'loaders/rvc',
'Ractive': 'lib/Ractive',
'Ractive_RUNTIME': 'http://cdn.ractivejs.org/releases/0.3.9/Ractive.min'
}
});

requirejs module alias/remap

I'm currently integrating foreign code into our application.
Part of the process, I must substitute one of their requirejs modules with ours.
Obviously I can't modify their code, otherwise I'd have to do the change at every update. What I can do is modify the main.js (data-main of requirejs).
Here is, roughly, what they have:
requirejs.config({
packages: [
'beerpong'
]
});
So they have this beerpong package, with some modules in there. Among these modules, there is the beer.js file. It can be required with a require('beerpong/beer').
Aside from this, I have my files, in a separate folder, say vodkapong/beersubstitute. What I would like is that, whenever someone require('beerpong/beer'), that requirejs actually serves him my vodkapong/beersubstitute instead.
tl;dr: How can I remap an existing module to use my module instead?
PS: Sadly, we're not actually writing a beerpong game... One day maybe!

You could use the map option. It can remap an AMD module for a specific module or for all modules with the "*" name. An example would be:
require.config({
map: {
"*": {
"beerpong/beer": "vodkapong/beersubstitute"
}
},
...
});

You can do something like this -
require.config({
paths: {
jquery_ui_scrollbar: 'libs/jquery/jquery.custom-scrollbar'
}
});
require(['dependency1', 'dependency2'], function (dep1, dep2) {
// code goes here
});
And in your define call you can do this -
define(['jquery_ui_scrollbar'], function(scrollbar) {});