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How do I get document.getElementsByTagName('').innerHTML to make text between 2 tags?

I'm trying to use JavaScript to include a footer on several webpages, so if I want to change the footer, I only have to change it in one place. PHP is not available on this server and neither are server side inserts (SSI), but Perl, Python, and Tcl are available. I have been trying with document.getElementsByTagName('footer').innerHTML = "text"; but it doesn't produce text. I copied this code from dev.mozilla, and it tells me how many tags I have:
var footer = document.getElementsByTagName('footer');
var num = footer.length;
console.log('There is ' + num + ' footer in this document');
So, I don't know what's wrong with the innerHTML script. I also tried with paragraph tags and got the same results in both cases.

I reccoment using textContent instead. Se why here.
To see how it works, paste the following into your browser console while you're on StackOverflow and hit enter.
document.querySelector('.site-footer').textContent = 'Custom footer content.'
note: use querySelector with a class instead of getElementByTagName
Cheers! 🍻

Before asking this question, I had searched for Python includes without any luck, so I stopped there, but after asking this question, I thought that I should search for Perl/Ruby includes. Today, I found out that I can use the Perl use function, so I could study that and try to implement it although I am completely new to Perl. Ruby also appears capable, perhaps even more. I have no experience with Ruby either, but maybe I should start there.

I just figured out that getElementsByTagName() results in an array, so I have to refer to the footer's index with [0]:
var footerTags = document.getElementsByTagName('footer');
footerTags[0].innerHTML = "test";

How to store variable and set the variable in field

I'm using Selenium 3.17.0.
I want to type a text from a javascript, but it doesn't work!
I have tried this (this types the text "undefined")
and this (this types the entire script as text)
but nothing works! maybe I'm doing wrong the javascript but I don't know, I'm new in all of this, please help!
btw this is my first post, sorry if I'm doing it wrong.

If I understand your question correctly, you are trying to generate a random string using javascript and then store the value in a variable. Then enter that variable value using type.
you have to use execute script command to run the javascript and target (your javascript) should be return "free text" + Math.floor(Math.random()*100) as shown in the below screenshot.

How to get value of Qualtrics Drag & Drop Choice using Javascript

I have what should be a simple answer. I have a drag and drop style multiple choice question on Qualtrics. I have recoded the answers as I wish. I think it assigns to each answer a variable like QID15_1 QID15_2 QID15_3, etc. The outputted data then gives the rank order of that selected option.
So if I ranked them, for example
QID15_3
QID15_1
QID15_2
The value of QID15_3 =1, the value of QID15_1=2, and the value of QID15_2=3.
What is the correct syntax to access these values? I want to set an Embedded Data item with the value of QID15_1, for example (so it should equal 2), but I can't seem to get it correct.
I've tried Qualtrics.SurveyEngine.getSelectedAnswerValue and things like this.
Any help would be appreciated. Thanks!
EDIT: With the help of a friend who knows Java, we figured it out. You can write something like
Qualtrics.SurveyEngine.addOnUnload(function()
{var order=document.getElementById( 'QR~QID15~1' ).getElementsByClassName( 'rank' )[0].innerText;
}

You don't need to set an embedded variable in JavaScript. You can just pipe the value wherever you need it (in a subsequent question, in the survey flow, etc.). It would be:
${q://QIDx/ChoiceNumericEntryValue/y}
where x is the question id and y is the choice id.
EDIT:
You can assign it to an embedded data variable in the survey flow like this:
edvar = ${q://QIDx/ChoiceNumericEntryValue/y}

Javascript indexOf not finding text in a variable

I am sure there is something simple that I am missing but I am stumped here.
The issue is that I am looping through an array of strings and using the string value to search for a part of that string using indexOf. The first time around the loop the index of is finding what I am looking for but the second time it is not.
Here is a fiddle - http://jsfiddle.net/jeremywrags/uSwjG/1/
the line that seems to be not working is this
var aliasIndex = fromclause.indexOf(" " + tableAlias + " " );
I am trying to build a SQL parser for a cloud app and the use case here is that when a table is aliased I need to get the original table name so that I can look up the table columns. The first time around the loop index of returns the index and then the table name. The second time around the index of is -1 and the table name is not retrieved.
If I need to provide more context please let me know.
thanks

It's not matching because on the second pass, tableAlias is the string " b" (note the space). So then you search for " b " (note two leading spaces), which isn't there.
Rather than using alert, use the debugger built into your browser. You can set breakpoints in the code, step through line by line, inspect variables, etc., etc. Doing that with this would have shown you, when looking at the variable tableAlias, that it had a leading space, hopefully helping you find the solution.
Here's what that looks like in Chrome's debugger, for instance:
(If you look at the jsFiddle source above the actual debugger's version, you'll see a debugger; statement in the code — normally you don't need that statement, you can just open your page, use the "Sources" tab to find your JavaScript file, navigate to the line, and click the margin to the left of it to set a breakpoint. But sometimes [for instance, when using jsFiddle], the debugger; statement is handy. What it does is, if the debugger is open, halts execution of the code at that point like a breakpoint does.)

I can't figure out the bug in this jQuery

The page having problems is...
http://schnell.dreamhosters.com/index.php?page=gallery#
I use Firebug to debug my jQuery and other code tidbits and it's been proving very useful for Javascript/jQuery debugging. However, at the same time, it's been one of the most frustrating debugging experiences I've ever gone through. I'm not sure why but sometimes it seems like I can copy someone else's methodology from a tutorial, character for character, and yet still come up with errors.
In any case, the problem here is that Firebug claims there is a bug on line 20 of the source.
missing : after property id
[Break on this error] $('#table').animate({"left: " + attr + "px"}, 2000);\n
This bug seems like a huge load to me because the colon is right there! And this is why debugging jQuery/Javascript is such a pain sometimes. The error messages are rather convoluted and sometimes don't even make a lick of sense to me. Or maybe that's just Firebug.
Either way, the goal I'm going for here is that I'm trying to dynamically change the animate function such that the more you click the left arrow, the further left the grid of images is shifted (due to the nature of the CSS 'left' property). I have Javascript variables and a hidden input tag to help hold essential values, but the major hurdle is getting the animate function to recognize these variables. Near as I can tell it will only accept string literals for arguments on how to animate and the documentation doesn't help me because it doesn't discuss the use of variables with animate, as if it's impossible.
Well, let's just say I don't like impossible, he likes to get in my way a lot.

The object literal passed to the animate function is not well formed, it should be:
$('#table').animate({left: attr + "px"}, 2000);
Edit: Looking closely to your code, you are also trying to get a value from an input with id = "count", and you have a missing # character to have an ID selector:
var count = +$('#count').val(); // get #count value as Number
You are also incrementing this count variable, but you should first convert it to Number, because the value attribute of input elements are string. (I did it using the unary plus operator on the right-hand side of the assignment).
You have to convert it to a number, because if you add two variables and one of them is a string, concatenation will take place:
"1" + 1 == "11"

Try:
$('#table').animate({left: attr}, 2000);
The "px" units of measurement here aren't necessary. That aside, the above is the correct creation of an anonymous object. You were just putting a string inside curly braces.