I need to save a document to a mongo collection.
I want to save the 'insertedAt' and 'updatedAt' Date fields, so I suppose I can't do it in one step...
This is my last try:
my topic = new Topic(); // Topic is the model
topic.id = '123'; // my univocal id, !== _id
topic.author = 'Marco';
...
Topic.findOne({ id: topic.id }, function(err, doc) {
if (err) {
console.error('topic', topic.id, 'could not be searched:', err);
return false;
}
var now = new Date();
if (doc) { // old document
topic.updatedAt = now;
} else { // new document
topic.insertedAt = now;
}
topic.save(function(err) {
if (err) {
console.error('topic', topic.id, 'could not be saved:', err);
return false;
}
console.log('topic', topic.id, 'saved successfully');
return true;
});
});
But this way I end up duplicating records... :-(
Any suggestion?
Rather than doing whatever you are doing I prefer a very easy way to updating document with upsert. For this you need to keep in mind don't use the model to create an instance to insert. You need to create an object manually.
//don't put `updatedAt` field in this document.
var dataToSave = {
createdAt: new Date(),
id: 1,
author: "noor"
.......
}
Topic.update({ id: 123 }, { $set:{ updatedAt: new Date() }, $setOnInsert: dataToSave}, { upsert: true }, function(err, res){
//do your stuff here
})
This query will first check wether any document is there is the collection if yes then it will only update udpatedAt if not then it will insert the whole new document in the collection. Hope this answers your query.
set timestamps to false in schema definition and then add the fields on creation as you would like.
See sample schema definition below:
var mongoose = require('mongoose')
, Schema = mongoose.Schema;
var Topic = new Schema({
id:{
type:String,
required: true
},
author:{
type:String,
required: true
}
},{
timestamps: false
});
I'm working on an upvoting/downvoting application using MongoDB and Node.JS
I have created two interlinked schemas:
var mongoose = require('mongoose');
var Voters = require('./voters');
var PostSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
title: String,
link: String,
upvotes: {type: Number, default: 0},
voters: [Voters.schema],
comments: [{ type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: 'Comment' }]
});
mongoose.model('Post', PostSchema);
and for voters:
var mongoose = require('mongoose');
var votersSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
voter_id: { type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: 'User' },
votetype: Number
});
module.exports = mongoose.model('Voters', votersSchema);
For including users in the voters array, I'm using this code:
var voterModel = new Voters();
voterModel.voter_id = req.payload._id;
voterModel.votetype = 1;
foundPost.voters.push(voterModel);
foundPost.save();
Which works just fine. For removing users I tried several methods, but none seem to work. The current one is $pull:
foundPost.update({'voters.voter_id': req.payload._id}, {$pull: {'voters': {'voter_id': req.payload._id, 'votetype': 1}}}, function(err){
if (err) { console.log(err); }
});
The update action works in the mongo shell, but not from within node. I also tried foundPost.voters.remove, but the result was the same. Also tried Voters.findOne, but the query always returns null.
Any help would be appreciated.
Use the id method first to find the voter then remove it and last save document to apply changes:
var voter = foundPost.voters.id(req.payload._id).remove();
foundPost.save(function (err) {
if (err) return handleError(err);
console.log('the voter was removed')
});
I try to use .findOneAndUpdate() to update my database.
No error message, but this part of the database is not updated with new data. The embedded document competitorAnalysisTextData is still empty.
// on routes that end in /users/competitorAnalysisTextData
// ----------------------------------------------------
router.route('/users/competitorAnalysisTextData/:userName')
// update the user info (accessed at PUT http://localhost:8080/api/users/competitorAnalysisTextData)
.post(function(req, res) {
console.log('1');
// Just give instruction to mongodb to find document, change it;
// then finally after mongodb is done, return the result/error as callback.
User.findOneAndUpdate(
{ userName : req.params.userName},
{
$set:
{ "competitorAnalysis.firstObservation" : req.body.firstObservation,
"competitorAnalysis.secondObservation" : req.body.secondObservation,
"competitorAnalysis.thirdObservation" : req.body.thirdObservation,
"competitorAnalysis.brandName" : req.body.brandName,
"competitorAnalysis.productCategory" : req.body.productCategory
}
},
{ upsert: true },
function(err, user) {
// after mongodb is done updating, you are receiving the updated file as callback
console.log('2');
// now you can send the error or updated file to client
if (err)
return res.send(err);
return res.json({ message: 'User updated!' });
});
})
Update
This is my "User" Schema part:
// grab the things we need
var mongoose = require('mongoose');
var Schema = mongoose.Schema;
// Require the crypto module for password hash
'use strict';
var crypto = require('crypto');
// create competitorAnalysisSchema
var CompetitorAnalysis = new Schema({
firstObservation: { type: String },
secondObservation: { type: String },
thirdObservation: { type: String },
brandName: { type: String },
productCategory: { type: String }
});
// create competitorAnalysisPhotoSchema
var CompetitorAnalysisPhoto = new Schema({
photo1: {type: String},
photo2: {type: String},
photo3: {type: String},
photo4: {type: String}
});
// create UserSchema
var UserSchema = new Schema({
userName: { type: String, required: true, unique: true },
email: { type: String, required: true, unique: true },
password: { type: String, required: true },
currentDemo: { type: String },
nextDemo: { type: String },
startTime: { type: String },
startLocation: { type: String },
arriveTime: { type: String },
arriveLocation: { type: String },
leaveTime: { type: String },
leaveLocation: { type: String },
competitorAnalysis: [CompetitorAnalysis],
competitorAnalysisPhoto: [CompetitorAnalysisPhoto],
created_at: Date,
updated_at: Date
});
// the schema is useless so far
// we need to create a model using it
var User = mongoose.model('User', UserSchema);
// make this available to our users in our Node applications
module.exports = User;
in javascript if you wish to update an object inside an array, you need to pick the index
var arr = [{name: "person1"},{name:"person2"}]
arr[0].name = "myname"
arr[1].name = "myFriend"
So it's the same in mongodb, check this link for detail example, or you can manually input the index, for quick hack.
User.findOneAndUpdate(
{ userName : req.params.userName},
{
$set:
{ "competitorAnalysis.0.firstObservation" : req.body.firstObservation,
"competitorAnalysis.0.secondObservation" : req.body.secondObservation,
"competitorAnalysis.0.thirdObservation" : req.body.thirdObservation,
"competitorAnalysis.0.brandName" : req.body.brandName,
"competitorAnalysis.0.productCategory" : req.body.productCategory
}
},
{ upsert: true },
function(err, user) {
// after mongodb is done updating, you are receiving the updated file as callback
console.log('2');
// now you can send the error or updated file to client
if (err)
return res.send(err);
return res.json({ message: 'User updated!' });
});
})
You should use the code above to update nested-array not to add to empty-array.
In javascript, if an array is still empty, we use .push() to add, while in mongodb the command is $push
var arr = []
arr.push({name:"person1"})
According to this mongodb article it is possible to auto increment a field and I would like the use the counters collection way.
The problem with that example is that I don't have thousands of people typing the data in the database using the mongo console. Instead I am trying to use mongoose.
So my schema looks something like this:
var entitySchema = mongoose.Schema({
testvalue:{type:String,default:function getNextSequence() {
console.log('what is this:',mongoose);//this is mongoose
var ret = db.counters.findAndModify({
query: { _id:'entityId' },
update: { $inc: { seq: 1 } },
new: true
}
);
return ret.seq;
}
}
});
I have created the counters collection in the same database and added a page with the _id of 'entityId'. From here I am not sure how to use mongoose to update that page and get the incrementing number.
There is no schema for counters and I would like it to stay that way because this is not really an entity used by the application. It should only be used in the schema(s) to auto increment fields.
Here is an example how you can implement auto-increment field in Mongoose:
var CounterSchema = Schema({
_id: {type: String, required: true},
seq: { type: Number, default: 0 }
});
var counter = mongoose.model('counter', CounterSchema);
var entitySchema = mongoose.Schema({
testvalue: {type: String}
});
entitySchema.pre('save', function(next) {
var doc = this;
counter.findByIdAndUpdate({_id: 'entityId'}, {$inc: { seq: 1} }, function(error, counter) {
if(error)
return next(error);
doc.testvalue = counter.seq;
next();
});
});
You can use mongoose-auto-increment package as follows:
var mongoose = require('mongoose');
var autoIncrement = require('mongoose-auto-increment');
/* connect to your database here */
/* define your CounterSchema here */
autoIncrement.initialize(mongoose.connection);
CounterSchema.plugin(autoIncrement.plugin, 'Counter');
var Counter = mongoose.model('Counter', CounterSchema);
You only need to initialize the autoIncrement once.
The most voted answer doesn't work. This is the fix:
var CounterSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
_id: {type: String, required: true},
seq: { type: Number, default: 0 }
});
var counter = mongoose.model('counter', CounterSchema);
var entitySchema = mongoose.Schema({
sort: {type: String}
});
entitySchema.pre('save', function(next) {
var doc = this;
counter.findByIdAndUpdateAsync({_id: 'entityId'}, {$inc: { seq: 1} }, {new: true, upsert: true}).then(function(count) {
console.log("...count: "+JSON.stringify(count));
doc.sort = count.seq;
next();
})
.catch(function(error) {
console.error("counter error-> : "+error);
throw error;
});
});
The options parameters gives you the result of the update and it creates a new document if it doesn't exist.
You can check here the official doc.
And if you need a sorted index check this doc
So combining multiple answers, this is what I ended up using:
counterModel.js
var mongoose = require('mongoose');
var Schema = mongoose.Schema;
const counterSchema = new Schema(
{
_id: {type: String, required: true},
seq: { type: Number, default: 0 }
}
);
counterSchema.index({ _id: 1, seq: 1 }, { unique: true })
const counterModel = mongoose.model('counter', counterSchema);
const autoIncrementModelID = function (modelName, doc, next) {
counterModel.findByIdAndUpdate( // ** Method call begins **
modelName, // The ID to find for in counters model
{ $inc: { seq: 1 } }, // The update
{ new: true, upsert: true }, // The options
function(error, counter) { // The callback
if(error) return next(error);
doc.id = counter.seq;
next();
}
); // ** Method call ends **
}
module.exports = autoIncrementModelID;
myModel.js
var mongoose = require('mongoose');
var Schema = mongoose.Schema;
const autoIncrementModelID = require('./counterModel');
const myModel = new Schema({
id: { type: Number, unique: true, min: 1 },
createdAt: { type: Date, default: Date.now },
updatedAt: { type: Date },
someOtherField: { type: String }
});
myModel.pre('save', function (next) {
if (!this.isNew) {
next();
return;
}
autoIncrementModelID('activities', this, next);
});
module.exports = mongoose.model('myModel', myModel);
Attention!
As hammerbot and dan-dascalescu pointed out this does not work if you remove documents.
If you insert 3 documents with id 1, 2 and 3 - you remove 2 and insert another a new one it'll get 3 as id which is already used!
In case you don't ever remove documents, here you go:
I know this has already a lot of answers, but I would share my solution which is IMO short and easy understandable:
// Use pre middleware
entitySchema.pre('save', function (next) {
// Only increment when the document is new
if (this.isNew) {
entityModel.count().then(res => {
this._id = res; // Increment count
next();
});
} else {
next();
}
});
Make sure that entitySchema._id has type:Number.
Mongoose version: 5.0.1.
This problem is sufficiently complicated and there are enough pitfalls that it's best to rely on a tested mongoose plugin.
Out of the plethora of "autoincrement" plugins at http://plugins.mongoosejs.io/, the best maintained and documented (and not a fork) is mongoose sequence.
I've combined all the (subjectively and objectively) good parts of the answers, and came up with this code:
const counterSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
_id: {
type: String,
required: true,
},
seq: {
type: Number,
default: 0,
},
});
// Add a static "increment" method to the Model
// It will recieve the collection name for which to increment and return the counter value
counterSchema.static('increment', async function(counterName) {
const count = await this.findByIdAndUpdate(
counterName,
{$inc: {seq: 1}},
// new: return the new value
// upsert: create document if it doesn't exist
{new: true, upsert: true}
);
return count.seq;
});
const CounterModel = mongoose.model('Counter', counterSchema);
entitySchema.pre('save', async function() {
// Don't increment if this is NOT a newly created document
if(!this.isNew) return;
const testvalue = await CounterModel.increment('entity');
this.testvalue = testvalue;
});
One of the benefits of this approach is that all the counter related logic is separate. You can store it in a separate file and use it for multiple models importing the CounterModel.
If you are going to increment the _id field, you should add its definition in your schema:
const entitySchema = new mongoose.Schema({
_id: {
type: Number,
alias: 'id',
required: true,
},
<...>
});
test.pre("save",function(next){
if(this.isNew){
this.constructor.find({}).then((result) => {
console.log(result)
this.id = result.length + 1;
next();
});
}
})
I didn't wan to use any plugin (an extra dependencie, initializing the mongodb connection apart from the one I use in the server.js, etc...) so I did an extra module, I can use it at any schema and even, I'm considering when you remove a document from the DB.
module.exports = async function(model, data, next) {
// Only applies to new documents, so updating with model.save() method won't update id
// We search for the biggest id into the documents (will search in the model, not whole db
// We limit the search to one result, in descendant order.
if(data.isNew) {
let total = await model.find().sort({id: -1}).limit(1);
data.id = total.length === 0 ? 1 : Number(total[0].id) + 1;
next();
};
};
And how to use it:
const autoincremental = require('../modules/auto-incremental');
Work.pre('save', function(next) {
autoincremental(model, this, next);
// Arguments:
// model: The model const here below
// this: The schema, the body of the document you wan to save
// next: next fn to continue
});
const model = mongoose.model('Work', Work);
module.exports = model;
Hope it helps you.
(If this Is wrong, please, tell me. I've been having no issues with this, but, not an expert)
Here is a proposal.
Create a separate collection to holds the max value for a model collection
const autoIncrementSchema = new Schema({
name: String,
seq: { type: Number, default: 0 }
});
const AutoIncrement = mongoose.model('AutoIncrement', autoIncrementSchema);
Now for each needed schema, add a pre-save hook.
For example, let the collection name is Test
schema.pre('save', function preSave(next) {
const doc = this;
if (doc.isNew) {
const nextSeq = AutoIncrement.findOneAndUpdate(
{ name: 'Test' },
{ $inc: { seq: 1 } },
{ new: true, upsert: true }
);
nextSeq
.then(nextValue => doc[autoIncrementableField] = nextValue)
.then(next);
}
else next();
}
As findOneAndUpdate is an atomic operation, no two updates will return same seq value. Thus each of your insertion will get an incremental seq regardless of number of concurrent insertions. Also this can be extended to more complex auto incremental logic and the auto increment sequence is not limited to Number type
This is not a tested code. Test before you use until I make a plugin for mongoose.
Update I found that this plugin implemented related approach.
The answers seem to increment the sequence even if the document already has an _id field (sort, whatever). This would be the case if you 'save' to update an existing document. No?
If I'm right, you'd want to call next() if this._id !== 0
The mongoose docs aren't super clear about this. If it is doing an update type query internally, then pre('save' may not be called.
CLARIFICATION
It appears the 'save' pre method is indeed called on updates.
I don't think you want to increment your sequence needlessly. It costs you a query and wastes the sequence number.
I had an issue using Mongoose Document when assigning value to Schema's field through put(). The count returns an Object itself and I have to access it's property.
I played at #Tigran's answer and here's my output:
// My goal is to auto increment the internalId field
export interface EntityDocument extends mongoose.Document {
internalId: number
}
entitySchema.pre<EntityDocument>('save', async function() {
if(!this.isNew) return;
const count = await counter.findByIdAndUpdate(
{_id: 'entityId'},
{$inc: {seq: 1}},
{new: true, upsert: true}
);
// Since count is returning an array
// I used get() to access its child
this.internalId = Number(count.get('seq'))
});
Version: mongoose#5.11.10
None of above answer works when you have unique fields in your schema
because unique check at db level and increment happen before db level validation, so you may skip lots of numbers in auto increments like above solutions
only in post save can find if data already saved on db or return error
schmea.post('save', function(error, doc, next) {
if (error.name === 'MongoError' && error.code === 11000) {
next(new Error('email must be unique'));
} else {
next(error);
}
});
https://stackoverflow.com/a/41479297/10038067
that is why none of above answers are not like atomic operations auto increment in sql like dbs
I use together #cluny85 and #edtech.
But I don't complete finish this issues.
counterModel.findByIdAndUpdate({_id: 'aid'}, {$inc: { seq: 1} }, function(error,counter){
But in function "pre('save...) then response of update counter finish after save document.
So I don't update counter to document.
Please check again all answer.Thank you.
Sorry. I can't add comment. Because I am newbie.
var CounterSchema = Schema({
_id: { type: String, required: true },
seq: { type: Number, default: 0 }
});
var counter = mongoose.model('counter', CounterSchema);
var entitySchema = mongoose.Schema({
testvalue: { type: String }
});
entitySchema.pre('save', function(next) {
if (this.isNew) {
var doc = this;
counter.findByIdAndUpdate({ _id: 'entityId' }, { $inc: { seq: 1 } }, { new: true, upsert: true })
.then(function(count) {
doc.testvalue = count.seq;
next();
})
.catch(function(error) {
throw error;
});
} else {
next();
}
});
I am beginner in Express. I have the following code in my router/controller for update a model. In one hand I don't want to modify the date of "create_date" parameter, and on the second hand this code returns me a error.
updateFood = function(req, res){
Food.findById(req.params.id, function(err, food){
food.food_name = req.body.food_name;
food.description = req.body.description;
food.image = req.body.image;
food.create_date = Date.now();
food.category = req.body.category;
Food.save(function(err){
if (!err){
console.log("updated!");
} else {
console.log(err);
}
});
res.send(food);
});
};
Here is my schema:
var food = new Schema({
food_name: {type: String, unique: true},
description: String,
image: String,
create_date: {type: Date, default: Date.now()},
category: {
type: String,
cats: ['Meat', 'Fish', 'Vegetables']
}
});
module.exports = mongoose.model('Food', food);
When I try to update a food with Postman with PUT. The console returns me the following response:
Food.save(function(err){
^
TypeError: Object function model(doc, fields, skipId) {
if (!(this instanceof model))
return new model(doc, fields, skipId);
Model.call(this, doc, fields, skipId);
} has no method 'save'
What can I do? Anyone knows where is my mistake? Thanks.
I believe you meant food.save(..); instead of Food.save(..);, but if all you're doing is updating the model, you could use findByIdAndUpdate() instead.