I am using nodejs and the library Promises/A+ (Chose this one as it seems to be the most popular) https://www.npmjs.com/package/promise. The problem I am facing is even though the async function is completing as it should, it is completing after the failure statement. So sv + ' No it failed' is always printed before a console.log message (which indicated it was successful) I have in the async method. This console.log message should be printed before as it is inside of the async method. I am stuck why this happening? The promise always runs as it failed even though the async method return as it has succeeded?
My Code:
var promise = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
var u = asyncmethod(some_var);
if (u){
resolve(some_var)
}
else{
reject(some_var);
}
});
promise.then(function(sv) {
console.log(sv + ' Yes it worked');
}, function(em) {
console.log(sv + ' No it failed');
});
Problem in your asyncmethod, it should be async function
var promise = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
//var u = asyncmethod(some_var); // <-- u is not defined, even if you return result stright, as it's the nature of async
asyncmethod(some_var, function(err, result){ //pass callback to your fn
if(err){
reject(err);
} else {
resolve(result);
}
});
});
promise.then(function(successResponse) { //better name variables
console.log(successResponse + ' Yes it worked');
}, function(errorResponse) {
console.log(errorResponse + ' No it failed');
});
//and simple implementation of async `asyncmethod`
var asyncmethod = function(input, callback){
setTimeout(function(){
callback(null, {new_object: true, value: input});
}, 2000); //delay for 2seconds
}
Notice: as the name implies, this answer considers that asyncmethod is async
You're doing it wrong, did you read any documentation about promises?
First of all, you don't need an extra package, nodejs already includes Promise.
If asyncMethod is a promise, you can do this directly:
var promise = asyncmethod(some_var);
promise.then(function (sv) {
console.log(sv + ' Yes it worked');
}, function (em) {
console.log(sv + ' No it failed');
});
Related
Below is my code:
var q = require('q');
function Add(cb) {
var a,b,c;
a = 5;
b = 6;
c = a + b;
console.log("inside");
cb(null, 123);
}
var add_promise = q.denodeify(Add);
add_promise(function() {console.log("i am cb")}).then(function(){
console.log("ok");
}, function(err) {console.log("failed? " + err);}).fail(function(err){
console.log("error: " + err);
}).fin(function() {
console.log("final");
});
console.log("outside");
I have tried running it in my local machine or on https://repl.it/repls/NiceDeeppinkSandboxes, but it only outputs
outside
inside
i am cb
instead of any of those "ok", "failed", "error", or "final". Why?
.denodeify method is used to make it easier to interoperate with node.js code. It will add a callback to any calls to the function, and use that to fullfill or reject the promise.
If the function returns a Promise, the state of that Promise will be used instead of the callback.
Check below code snippet:
var Promise = require('promise');
var fs = require('fs');
var write = Promise.denodeify(fs.writeFile)
// Example #1: Using promisified functions
// Important!! .then() and .catch() need to be passed in a function!
var promise = write('bla.txt', 'Blablabla', 'utf-8')
.then(function(){console.log('Success!')})
.catch(function(err){console.log('Error occured: ' + err)})
// Example #2: Creating a promise myself
function readFile(filename){
return new Promise(function(resolve, reject){
fs.readFile(filename, 'utf-8', function(err, data){
if(err) reject(err);
else resolve(data)
});
});
}
readFile('bla.txt')
.then(function(results){console.log('Success! Here are the results: ', results)})
.catch(function(err){console.error('Error during operation: ', err)})
I am working in Node and trying to load the next sequence from my db. I am able to access the db, load and return the sequence within my function, but I am not able to access it outside of the function.
function getRunId() {
counters.findOne({_id: 'Run_ID'}, function(err, resp) {
if(err) {
console.log(err);
}
console.log('Seq: ' + resp.sequence); // Console Output = Seq: 1234
return resp.sequence;
});
};
var currentRunId = getRunId();
console.log('Run_ID: ' + currentRunId); // Console Output = CRID: undefined
I've checked several pages worth of Stack Overflow issues relating to using callback's, async (node module), how to properly return values in the function, etc... but none of them get me closer to accessing currentRunId outside of the function.
Is this issue further complicated by the use of Mongo queries inside my function?
For anyone stumbling on this later, start by reading this answer.
I've dealt with this a few times so I understand the frustration. You are trying to mix sync and async code by doing this:
var currentRunId = getRunId();
console.log('Run_ID: ' + currentRunId);
The trouble is that console.log('Run_ID: ' + currentRunId) is called immediately after you invoke getRunID() by assigning it to current RunID, and getRunID() resolves after console.log('Run_ID: ' + currentRunId), causing the currentRunId variable to be undefined.
But, you have some options to deal with this. Option one is to return a callback, and log the results of the callback instead. Option 2 is to use an ES6 promise. To use option 2, you need node version 7, and you need to use 'use strict' in your code.
Here are 3 examples built around a function stub that spoofs the results of findOne(). The getRunIdA() is your function, and getRunIdB, and getRunIdC are two example solutions to your current problem.
'use strict'
// A function stub which represents a simplified version of findOne.
// Accepts callback and returns a callback with the results of data
function findOne (callback) {
var data = {
sequence: 6
}
return callback(null, data)
}
// This is a simplified version of your function, which reproduces the undefined result
function getRunIdA () {
findOne(function (err, resp) {
if (err) {
console.log(err)
}
console.log('Seq: ' + resp.sequence)
return resp.sequence
})
}
// This is your function with a callback
function getRunIdB (callback) {
findOne(function (err, resp) {
if (err) {
console.log(err)
}
console.log('Seq: ' + resp.sequence)
return callback(resp.sequence)
})
}
// This is your function with a promise
var getRunIdC = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
resolve(findOne(function (err, resp) {
if (err) {
console.log(err)
}
return resp.sequence
}))
})
// Invoke your funciton; get undefined
var currentRunID = getRunIdA()
console.log('Run_ID: ' + currentRunID) // Run_ID: undefined
// Invoke getRunIdB using callback, get 6
getRunIdB(function (id) {
console.log('Run_ID: ' + id) // Run_ID: 6
})
// Invoke getRunIdC with a promise; get 6
getRunIdC.then(function (currentRunID) {
console.log('Run_ID: ' + currentRunID) // Run_ID: 6
})
/*
results for all 3:
Seq: 6
Run_ID: undefined
Seq: 6
Run_ID: 6
Run_ID: 6
*/
Give this a try by saving to your machine and running:
node test.js
Is this issue further complicated by the use of Mongo queries inside my function?
Nope, you just need to pass the results of your query to a promise or a callback so that you can work with the results somewhere else.
I hope this helps!
Edit: OP added the following code in a comment, which I will try to break down and address.
Unfortunately, using getRunIdB results in callback is not defined and using getRunIdC results in currentRunId is not defined
var currentRunID = '';
var getRunId = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) { resolve(counters.findOne({_id: 'Run_ID'}, function (err, resp) {
if (err) {
console.log(err)
}
return resp.sequence;
}))
});
getRunId.then(function (res) {
console.log('Run_ID: ' + res.sequence) // Run_ID: 1234
currentRunID = res.sequence;
})
console.log(currentRunID); // currentRunID is not defined
Check out an answer I gave to a similar question for more details on the JS concurrency model. Simply put, the getRunID() function is executing asynchronous code. What that means is that getRunID() doesn't get inserted into the message queue that determines what order javascript will execute until it's callbacks are completed. Thus, when you log currentRunID outside of the .then() function, the results is undefined because currentRunID is undefined.
I think that ultimately what OP is trying to do is to export the result of the function so that the something can be done with those results, this needs to be done within a callback like so:
getRunId.then(function (res) {
// Do stuff with the run ID here.
})
You are only returning on a callback function but not on the actual function.. Change your code to this:
function getRunId() {
var result = counters.findOne({_id: 'Run_ID'}, function(err, resp) {
if(err) {
console.log(err);
}
console.log('Seq: ' + resp.sequence); // Console Output = Seq: 1234
return resp.sequence;
});
return result; //<-- return result of your function is here
};
var currentRunId = getRunId();
console.log('Run_ID: ' + currentRunId);
As in asynchronous programming we used to callbacks and promises.
Here I am stuck in a problem that may be used to promises. I google it a lot but there is nothing found that solved my problem.
Here My code that I am doing to send push notification in android device.
router.post('/check-notifications', function(req, res, next) {
var user_id = req.body.user_id;
var response = {};
var gcm = require('push-notify').gcm({
apiKey: gcm_apiKey,
retries: 0
});
connection.query('select device_id from devices where user_id = '+ user_id, function (err, result) {
if ( result.length ) {
for (var i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
console.log(i + 'before notify');
gcm.send({
registrationId: result[i]['device_id'],
data: result[0]
});
console.log(i + 'before transmitted');
gcm.on('transmitted', function (result, message, registrationId) {
console.log('transmitted');
});
gcm.on('transmissionError', function (error, message, registrationId) {
console.log(message);
});
console.log(i + 'after notify');
}
}
});
response['success'] = true;
response['msg'] = 'sent successfully';
res.json(response);
});
Output :
0before notify
0before transmitted
0after notify
1before notify
1before transmitted
1after notify
transmitted
transmitted
transmitted
transmitted
And I think It should be like this.
0before notify
0before transmitted
transmitted
0after notify
1before notify
1before transmitted
transmitted
1after notify
You can use async.mapSeries method for chaining notifications. Replace for loop to:
async.mapSeries(result, function(item, callback) {
gcm.send({
registrationId: item['device_id'],
data: data
});
gcm.on('transmitted', function(result, message, registrationId) {
console.log('transmitted');
callback(null, message, registrationId);
});
gcm.on('transmissionError', function(error, message, registrationId) {
callback(error, message, registrationId);
});
}, function (err, results) {
if (err) throw err;
response['success'] = true;
response['msg'] = 'sent successfully';
res.json(response);
})
I recommend using Bluebird JS for Promise flow-control.
var Promise = require('bluebird'); // Require bluebird, and call it 'Promise', the code below is version 3.x syntax
var connection = {'query': '???'}; // assuming `connection` is already defined somewhere else
var gcm_apiKey = '???'; // assuming `gcm_apiKey` is already defined
router.post('/check-notifications', function (req, res, next) {
var user_id = req.body.user_id;
var gcm = require('push-notify').gcm({
apiKey: gcm_apiKey,
retries: 0
});
// assuming `connection` is already defined somewhere else
// Make an async version of connection.query
connection.queryAsync = Promise.promisify(connection.query);
connection.queryAsync('select device_id from devices where user_id = ' + user_id)
// Bluebird's Promise.map would execute the following block once per result, asynchronously.
// The sequence of who runs first and who completes first is undefined
.map(function (result, i) {
// the `result` argument here is `result[i]` of the original code, since we're in the map context
// Here we have to create a promise to consume events
return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
console.log(i + 'before notify');
gcm.send({
registrationId: result['device_id'],
data: result // original code is written as result[0], which I don't quite understand. Always sending the first result?
});
// This does not make sense console logging here, as it is not actually 'before transmitted'
// It's just binding onto the event
// console.log(i + 'before transmitted');
gcm.on('transmitted', function (result, message, registrationId) {
// Check registrationId
if (registrationId === result['device_id']) {
console.log('transmitted');
resolve(result); // use 'result' as the Promise's resolved value
}
});
gcm.on('transmissionError', function (error, message, registrationId) {
// Check registrationId
if (registrationId === result['device_id']) {
console.log(message);
reject(message); // reject errors and send the message as the promise's reject reason
}
});
// Technically, you should log it as "after event binding"
console.log(i + 'after notify');
});
}).then(function (results) {
// `results` should contain all the result from the 'transmitted' event
var response = {};
response['success'] = true;
response['msg'] = 'sent successfully';
res.json(response);
});
});
Note: The is actually more or less doable without any libraries but with native Promises, but the syntax would be more cluttering.
In order to make this question as useful to as many people as possible, I will exclude my specific implementation details beyond that fact that I am using the Bluebird promise library with Node + Express below.
So, let's say that I have the following chain (where P returns a promise, and res is the Express HTTP response object):
P().then(function(){
// do nothing if all went well (for now)
// we only care if there is an error
}).catch(function(error){
res.status(500).send("An error occurred");
}).then(function(){
return P();
}).then(function(pVal1){
return [pVal1, P()];
}) // TODO: catch an error from P() here and log pVal1
.spread(function(pVal1, pVal2){
if(pVal1 === pVal2) {
console.log("Success!");
} else {
console.log("Failure");
}
});
Where I have placed the TODO comment above is where I would like to catch an error that might occur from my call to P. If I do catch an error, I would like to log pVal1 and then send a 500 error, as is done in the first catch. However, I am not sure if this is possible with how I am structuring my chain.
I believe that I need to do some "branching," but I do not think that I understand this concept well enough to stop the asynchronous nature of JavaScript from getting the best of me! As such, any help is thoroughly appreciated.
Don't forget to catch errors in the end of the chain. That's also the place to send the response.
Catching errors in the middle of a chain is for intermittent error handling; the chain continues to run, so don't send a response just yet.
Here is something to try it out:
// example middleware
function handle(req, res, next) {
log("----------------");
return async("p1", "foo").then(function (pVal1) {
return pVal1;
}).then(function (pVal1) {
var p2a = async("p2a", "bar"),
p2b = async("p2a", "bar").catch(function (error) {
log("Logging: " + error + " (pVal1 " + pVal1 + ")");
});
return [p2a, p2b];
}).spread(function (pVal1, pVal2) {
if (pVal1 === pVal2) {
res.send("Success!");
} else {
res.send("Failure");
}
}).catch(function (error) {
res.status(500).send("An error occurred");
log("Logging: " + error);
});
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------
// mockup response object
var res = {
status: function (code) {
log("Sending status: " + code);
return this;
},
send: function () {
log("Sending response: " + [].join.call(arguments, " "));
return this;
}
};
// mockup promise generator
function async(name, value) {
return new P(function (resolve, reject) {
if ( confirm("let " + name + " succeed?") ) {
log(name + " succeeds...");
resolve(value);
} else {
log(name + " fails...");
reject(name + " has failed");
}
});
}
function log() {
var msg = document.createElement("DIV");
msg.textContent = [].join.call(arguments, " ");
document.getElementById("log").appendChild(msg)
document.body.scrollTop = document.body.scrollHeight;
}
button {
position: fixed;
top: 5px;
}
<script src="http://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bluebird/2.9.33/bluebird.min.js"></script>
<button onclick="handle(null, res, null)">Go</button>
<div id="log"></div>
This is possible if you use the explicit Promise.all instead of returning an array into .spread.
}).then(function(pVal1){
// this becomes a `Promise.all` - the aggregation is explicit
var all = Promise.all([pVal1, P()]);
all.catch(function(e){ // "branching", we both return and `catch` the promise
console.log("Error, pVal1 is", pVal1);
});
return all; // return it
}).spread(function(pVal1, pVal2){
// ....
});
Background: I have a PHP background and this is my first application using MEAN stack.
I need to save a record but before I must to check if there is any record under the same id already saved in the DB.
In PHP I would do something like this:
Once the user clicks "Save":
1) Call the function to check if an entry with that id already exists
2) If it doesnt, call the save function.
In Javascript, I'm getting a little confused with Promises and so on.
Can somebody give me some light here?
Right now, I'm doing the following:
In the save api, I call this function to check if the record already exists in the DB:
recordExists = findTranscationByBill(billId);
function findTransactionByBill(billId){
results = new promise(function(resolve, reject){
Transactions.find({billId : billId},function(err, transactions){
if(err)
reject("Error: "+err);
//console.log(transactions);
resolve(transactions);
});
});
results.then(function(data){
console.log('Promise fullfilled: '+ data);
}, function(error){
console.log('Promise rejected: ' + error);
});
return $results;
}
The problem is that I think I'm not using promise properly, as my variable doesn't get populated (because its Async).
In the console.log I see that the promise is being fulfilled however, the variable returns as [object Object]
I'm stucked with this problem because I don't know if I should carry on thinking as PHP mindset or if there is a different approach used in Javascript.
Thanks in advance!
In my opinion you could just as well use a callback for this, and since MongoDB has a count method, why not use it
function findTransactionByBill(billId, callback){
Transactions.count({billId : billId}, function(err, count){
if (err) {
callback(err, false);
} else {
callback(null, count !== 0);
}
});
}
and to use it
findTransactionByBill(billId, function(err, exists) {
if (err) {
// handle errors
} else if ( ! exists ) {
// insert into DB
}
}
I think the right function is:
function findTransactionByBill(billId){
var results = new promise(function(resolve, reject){
Transactions.find({billId : billId},function(err, transactions){
if(err) {
reject(err);
} else {
if (transactions.length === 0) {
reject('No any transaction');
} else {
//console.log(transactions);
resolve(transactions);
}
});
});
results.then(function(data){
console.log('Promise fullfilled: '+ data);
}, function(error){
console.log('Promise rejected: ' + error);
});
return results;
}
And then use it like this:
recordExists = findTranscationByBill(billId);
recordExists.then(function() {
// resolved, there are some transactions
}, function() {
// rejected. Error or no any transactions found
// may be you need to check reject result to act differently then no transactions and then error
});
I assume you are using mongodb native drive.
I think mongodb doesn't have promise built-in supported. So you have to promisify it by a little help from promise library. Please refer this if you want to use bluebird.
After promisifying, the code should looks like that (using bluebird):
Promise = require('bluebird');
// Promisify...
var _db = null;
var client = MongoClient.connectAsync('mongodb://localhost:27017/test')
.then(function(db) {
_db = db
return db.collection("myCollection").findOneAsync({ id: 'billId' })
})
.then(function(item) {
if (item)
_db.save(item);
})
.catch (err) {
// error handling
}
The above code is not perfect, because it introduced a global var, so the better version may be
Promise = require('bluebird');
// Promisify...
var client = MongoClient.connectAsync('mongodb://localhost:27017/test')
.then(function(db) {
return Promise.prop({
item: db.collection("myCollection").findOneAsync({ id: 'billId' },
db: db
})
})
.then(function(result) {
var item = result.item;
var db = result.db
if (item)
db.save(item);
})
.catch (err) {
// error handling
}
You need to check bluebird to know how to use it. Also they are many other promise libraries like q, when, but all are similar stuff.