I have a very odd issue... in every browser and mobile version I encountered this behavior:
all the browsers have a top menu when you load the page (showing the address bar for example) which slide up when you start scrolling the page.
100vh sometimes is calculated only on the visible part of a viewport, so when the browser bar slide up 100vh increases (in terms of pixels)
all layout re-paint and re-adjust since the dimensions have changed
a bad jumpy effect for user experience
How can avoid this problem? When I first heard of viewport-height I was excited and I thought I could use it for fixed height blocks instead of using javascript, but now I think the only way to do that is in fact javascript with some resize event...
you can see the problem at: sample site
Can anyone help me with / suggest a CSS solution?
simple test code:
/* maybe i can track the issue whe it occours... */
$(function(){
var resized = -1;
$(window).resize(function(){
$('#currenth').val( $('.vhbox').eq(1).height() );
if (++resized) $('#currenth').css('background:#00c');
})
.resize();
})
*{ margin:0; padding:0; }
/*
this is the box which should keep constant the height...
min-height to allow content to be taller than viewport if too much text
*/
.vhbox{
min-height:100vh;
position:relative;
}
.vhbox .t{
display:table;
position:relative;
width:100%;
height:100vh;
}
.vhbox .c{
height:100%;
display:table-cell;
vertical-align:middle;
text-align:center;
}
<div class="vhbox" style="background-color:#c00">
<div class="t"><div class="c">
this div height should be 100% of viewport and keep this height when scrolling page
<br>
<!-- this input highlight if resize event is fired -->
<input type="text" id="currenth">
</div></div>
</div>
<div class="vhbox" style="background-color:#0c0">
<div class="t"><div class="c">
this div height should be 100% of viewport and keep this height when scrolling page
</div></div>
</div>
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
Unfortunately this is intentional…
This is a well know issue (at least in safari mobile), which is intentional, as it prevents other problems. Benjamin Poulain replied to a webkit bug:
This is completely intentional. It took quite a bit of work on our part to achieve this effect. :)
The base problem is this: the visible area changes dynamically as you scroll. If we update the CSS viewport height accordingly, we need to update the layout during the scroll. Not only that looks like shit, but doing that at 60 FPS is practically impossible in most pages (60 FPS is the baseline framerate on iOS).
It is hard to show you the “looks like shit” part, but imagine as you scroll, the contents moves and what you want on screen is continuously shifting.
Dynamically updating the height was not working, we had a few choices: drop viewport units on iOS, match the document size like before iOS 8, use the small view size, use the large view size.
From the data we had, using the larger view size was the best compromise. Most website using viewport units were looking great most of the time.
Nicolas Hoizey has researched this quite a bit: https://nicolas-hoizey.com/2015/02/viewport-height-is-taller-than-the-visible-part-of-the-document-in-some-mobile-browsers.html
No fix planned
At this point, there is not much you can do except refrain from using viewport height on mobile devices. Chrome changed to this as well in 2016:
https://groups.google.com/a/chromium.org/forum/#!topic/blink-dev/BK0oHURgmJ4
https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2016/12/url-bar-resizing
You can try min-height: -webkit-fill-available; in your css instead of 100vh. It should be solved
in my app I do it like so (typescript and nested postcss, so change the code accordingly):
const appHeight = () => {
const doc = document.documentElement
doc.style.setProperty('--app-height', `${window.innerHeight}px`)
}
window.addEventListener('resize', appHeight)
appHeight()
in your css:
:root {
--app-height: 100%;
}
html,
body {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
overflow: hidden;
width: 100vw;
height: 100vh;
#media not all and (hover:hover) {
height: var(--app-height);
}
}
it works at least on chrome mobile and ipad. What doesn't work is when you add your app to homescreen on iOS and change the orientation a few times - somehow the zoom levels mess with the innerHeight value, I might post an update if I find a solution to it.
Demo
Look at this answer: https://css-tricks.com/the-trick-to-viewport-units-on-mobile/
// First we get the viewport height and we multiple it by 1% to get a value for a vh unit
let vh = window.innerHeight * 0.01;
// Then we set the value in the --vh custom property to the root of the document
document.documentElement.style.setProperty('--vh', `${vh}px`);
// We listen to the resize event
window.addEventListener('resize', () => {
// We execute the same script as before
let vh = window.innerHeight * 0.01;
document.documentElement.style.setProperty('--vh', `${vh}px`);
});
body {
background-color: #333;
}
.module {
height: 100vh; /* Use vh as a fallback for browsers that do not support Custom Properties */
height: calc(var(--vh, 1vh) * 100);
margin: 0 auto;
max-width: 30%;
}
.module__item {
align-items: center;
display: flex;
height: 20%;
justify-content: center;
}
.module__item:nth-child(odd) {
background-color: #fff;
color: #F73859;
}
.module__item:nth-child(even) {
background-color: #F73859;
color: #F1D08A;
}
<div class="module">
<div class="module__item">20%</div>
<div class="module__item">40%</div>
<div class="module__item">60%</div>
<div class="module__item">80%</div>
<div class="module__item">100%</div>
</div>
For me such trick made a job:
height: calc(100vh - calc(100vh - 100%))
We have new viewport units lvh, svh and dvh to the rescue. This was demonstrated in the latest Google I/O 2022 video on web works.
You would probably want to stick with dvh for the browser to adapt to the mobile device's hidden tabs while scrolling. It works the similar way for width with dvw, lvw and svw units.
Here is a neat illustration from the video: https://youtu.be/Xy9ZXRRgpLk?t=982
Can I use?
This was currently working on my Chrome canary with the flag "Experimental features" enabled.
You can do this by adding following script and style
function appHeight() {
const doc = document.documentElement
doc.style.setProperty('--vh', (window.innerHeight*.01) + 'px');
}
window.addEventListener('resize', appHeight);
appHeight();
Style
.module {
height: 100vh; /* Fallback for browsers that do not support Custom Properties */
height: calc(var(--vh, 1vh) * 100);
}
Set your body position to fixed, set the height to 100%
body { position: fixed; height: 100% }
That's it, then the mobile browser will understand what you want.
Now the body will grow or shrink following the browser's view height, no matter if there is a URL bar or not, or if there are tabs (like in mobile safari) or not. The body will always get full view.
For many of the sites I build the client will ask for a 100vh banner and just as you have found, it results in a bad "jumpy" experience on mobile when you begin to scroll. This is how I solve the problem for a smooth consistent experience across all devices:
I first set my banner element CSS to height:100vh
Then I use jQuery to get the height in pixels of my banner element and apply an inline style using this height.
var viewportHeight = $('.banner').outerHeight();
$('.banner').css({ height: viewportHeight });
Doing this solves the issue on mobile devices as when the page loads, the banner element is set to 100vh using CSS and then jQuery overrides this by putting inline CSS on my banner element which stops it from resizing when a user begins to scroll.
However, on desktop if a user resizes their browser window my banner element won't resize because it now has a fixed height set in pixels due to the above jQuery. To address this I use Mobile Detect to add a 'mobile' class to the body of my document. And then I wrap the above jQuery in an if statement:
if ($('body').hasClass('mobile')) {
var viewportHeight = $('.banner').outerHeight();
$('.banner').css({ height: viewportHeight });
}
As a result, if a user is on a mobile device the class 'mobile' is present on the body of my page and the above jQuery is executed. So my banner element will only get the inline CSS applied on mobile devices meanwhile on desktop the original 100vh CSS rule remains in place.
I came up with a React component – check it out if you use React or browse the source code if you don't, so you can adapt it to your environment.
It sets the fullscreen div's height to window.innerHeight and then updates it on window resizes.
As I was looking for a solution some days, here is mine for everyone using VueJS with Vuetify (my solution uses v-app-bar, v-navigation-drawer and v-footer):
I created App.scss (used in App.vue) with the following content:
.v-application {
height: 100vh;
height: -webkit-fill-available;
}
.v-application--wrap {
min-height: 100vh !important;
min-height: -webkit-fill-available !important;
}
You can try giving position: fixed; top: 0; bottom: 0; properties to your container.
#nils explained it clearly.
What's next then?
I just went back to use relative 'classic' % (percentage) in CSS.
It's often more effort to implement something than it would be using vh, but at least, you have a pretty stable solution which works across different devices and browsers without strange UI glitches.
The the problem still remains to this date, unfortunately. And the biggest misleading it's impossible to represent the situation by using browser's devices toolbar.
I've just solved the issue like so (tested on PC, iOS and android browsers):
.your_class {
height: 100vh,
max-height: 100%, // <-- add the line
...some other props,
}
I hope it'll save your time.
The following code solved the problem (with jQuery).
var vhHeight = $("body").height();
var chromeNavbarHeight = vhHeight - window.innerHeight;
$('body').css({ height: window.innerHeight, marginTop: chromeNavbarHeight });
And the other elements use % as a unit to replace vh.
As I am new, I can't comment on other answers.
If someone is looking for an answer to make this work (and can use javascript - as it seems to be required to make this work at the moment) this approach has worked pretty well for me and it accounts for mobile orientation change as well. I use Jquery for the example code but should be doable with vanillaJS.
-First, I use a script to detect if the device is touch or hover. Bare-bones example:
if ("ontouchstart" in document.documentElement) {
document.body.classList.add('touch-device');
} else {
document.body.classList.add('hover-device');
}
This adds class to the body element according to the device type (hover or touch) that can be used later for the height script.
-Next use this code to set height of the device on load and on orientation change:
if (jQuery('body').hasClass("touch-device")) {
//Loading height on touch-device
function calcFullHeight() {
jQuery('.hero-section').css("height", $(window).height());
}
(function($) {
calcFullHeight();
jQuery(window).on('orientationchange', function() {
// 500ms timeout for getting the correct height after orientation change
setTimeout(function() {
calcFullHeight();
}, 500);
});
})(jQuery);
} else {
jQuery('.hero-section').css("height", "100vh");
}
-Timeout is set so that the device would calculate the new height correctly on orientation change. If there is no timeout, in my experience the height will not be correct. 500ms might be an overdo but has worked for me.
-100vh on hover-devices is a fallback if the browser overrides the CSS 100vh.
I just found a web app i designed has this issue with iPhones and iPads, and found an article suggesting to solve it using media queries targeted at specific Apple devices.
I don't know whether I can share the code from that article here, but the address is this: http://webdesignerwall.com/tutorials/css-fix-for-ios-vh-unit-bug
Quoting the article: "just match the element height with the device height using media queries that targets the older versions of iPhone and iPad resolution."
They added just 6 media queries to adapt full height elements, and it should work as it is fully CSS implemented.
Edit pending: I'm unable to test it right now, but I will come back and report my results.
Do not use recommended approaches such as -webkit-fill-available.
I just spent all day rushing around to fix this "bug".
Add a class when your app is loaded with a browser with a "chin".
JavaScript
// Angular example but applicable for any JS solution
#HostBinding('class.browser-has-chin') browserHasChin: boolean = false;
public ngOnInit(): void {
this.browserHasChin = this._isMobileSafari();
}
private _isMobileSafari() {
return navigator.userAgent.match(/(iPod|iPhone|iPad)/) && navigator.userAgent.match(/AppleWebKit/) ? true : false;
}
CSS
.browser-has-chin {
#media screen and (max-device-width: 767px){
// offset with padding or something
}
}
NOTES:
There are major issues with the -webkit-fill-available prop for cross-browser compatibility.
I was able to get it working in Chrome and iOS Safari to fix the chin/height calculation issue. However it broke Android Chrome and Firefox had bugs with it too.
It seems that -webkit-fill-available was rushed into webkit at some point and perhaps adopted haphazardly by Apple as a fix for chin/height calculation?
It relies on intrinsic sizing which is NOT safe to use yet.
I have created two examples below:
To showcase how height: 100vh as height can lead to scroll in mobile chrome browsers:
code : https://codesandbox.io/embed/mobile-viewport-100vh-issue-nxx8z?fontsize=14&hidenavigation=1&theme=dark
demo: https://nxx8z.csb.app/
Solution using position: fixed to resolve the issue and with purely CSS:
code : https://codesandbox.io/s/mobile-viewport-100vh-issue-fix-forked-ypx5x?file=/index.html
demo : https://ypx5x.csb.app/
The VH 100 does not work well on mobile as it does not factor in the iOS bar (or similar functionality on other platforms).
One solution that works well is to use JavaScript "window.innerHeight".
Simply assign the height of the element to this value e.g.
$('.element-name').height(window.innerHeight);
Note: It may be useful to create a function in JS, so that the height can change when the screen is resized. However, I would suggest only calling the function when the width of the screen is changed, this way the element will not jump in height when the iOS bar disappears when the user scrolls down the page.
React hooks solution with useEffect and useState
function App() {
const [vh, setVh] = useState(window.innerHeight);
useEffect(() => {
const updateVh = () => {
setVh(window.innerHeight);
};
window.addEventListener('resize', updateVh);
return () => window.removeEventListener('resize', updateVh);
}, []);
return (
<div style={{ height: vh }}>
{vh} px
</div>
);
}
Demo: https://jsfiddle.net/poooow/k570nfd9/
Because it won't be fixed, you can do something like:
# html
<body>
<div class="content">
<!-- Your stuff here -->
</div>
</body>
# css
.content {
height: 80vh;
}
For me it was the fastest and more pure solution than playing with the JavaScript which could not work on many devices and browsers.
Just use proper value of vh which fits your needs.
The following worked for me:
html { height: 100vh; }
body {
top: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
bottom: 0;
width: 100vw;
}
/* this is the container you want to take the visible viewport */
/* make sure this is top-level in body */
#your-app-container {
height: 100%;
}
The body will take the visible viewport height and #your-app-container with height: 100% will make that container take the visible viewport height.
Using vh on mobile devices is not going to work with 100vh, due to their design choices using the entire height of the device not including any address bars etc.
If you are looking for a layout including div heights proportionate to the true view height I use the following pure css solution:
:root {
--devHeight: 86vh; //*This value changes
}
.div{
height: calc(var(--devHeight)*0.10); //change multiplier to suit required height
}
You have two options for setting the viewport height, manually set the --devHeight to a height that works (but you will need to enter this value for each type of device you are coding for)
or
Use javascript to get the window height and then update --devheight on loading and refreshing the viewport (however this does require using javascript and is not a pure css solution)
Once you obtain your correct view height you can create multiple divs at an exact percentage of total viewport height by simply changing the multiplier in each div you assign the height to.
0.10 = 10% of view height
0.57 = 57% of view height
Hope this might help someone ;)
Here's a work around I used for my React app.
iPhone 11 Pro & iPhone Pro Max - 120px
iPhone 8 - 80px
max-height: calc(100vh - 120px);
It's a compromise but relatively simple fix
A nice read about the problem and its possible solutions can be found in this blog post: Addressing the iOS Address Bar in 100vh Layouts
The solution I ended up in my React application is utilising the react-div-100vh library described in the post above.
Brave browser on iOS behaves differently (buggy?). It changes viewport height dynamically accordingly to showing/hiding address bar. It is kind of annoying because it changes page's layout dependent on vw/vh units.
Chrome and Safari is fine.
I solved it by putting the most outer div at position: absolute and then just setting the height to 100%:
CSS:
.outer {
position: absolute;
height: 100%;
}
HTML:
<div class="outer">
<!-- content -->
</div>
It seems like CSS fix is unreliable and JS one works fine but the element is jumping when user opens the page.
I solved the issue using JS from other answers + fadeIn animation to hide jumping.
This won't fit all the use cases, but for some of them, like a button that has to be at the bottom, could be a good solution.
The people who found this answer and are struggling with an issue of wiered jumping of elements on mobile view when scrolling downward/upward whose position is fixed w.r.t the root element need to specify the property in terms of bottom rather than top and should give a field value in px. This solves the issue
change this:
element{
position: fixed;
top: 90vh;
left: 90vh;
transform: translate(-95%, -95%);
}
to this:
element{
position: fixed;
bottom: 90px; /* this is the change */
left: 90vh;
transform: translate(-95%, -95%);
}
For those of you who don't know, native full screen is where your browser takes up your entire computer screen, like in this example. I have made a full screen JavaScript application that runs, but by default Chrome and Firefox open into native full screen differently.
Firefox stretches the object so that it takes up the entire screen(height 100%, width 100%) while Chrome puts the object in front of a black background with its natural proportions.
I would like Firefox to act like the full screen on Chrome. I feel that this is solved with a simple CSS change but I don't know CSS all that well.
This is what I've tried so far:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
.fsElement:-webkit-full-screen {
//this is the CSS for Chrome's fullscreen page
}
.fsElement:-moz-full-screen {
//this is the CSS for Firefox's fullscreen page
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
function goFullscreen(id) {
// Get the element that we want to take into fullscreen mode
var element = document.getElementById(id);
// These function will not exist in the browsers that don't support fullscreen mode yet,
// so we'll have to check to see if they're available before calling them.
if (element.mozRequestFullScreen) {
// This is how to go into fullscren mode in Firefox
element.mozRequestFullScreen();
} else if (element.webkitRequestFullScreen) {
// This is how to go into fullscreen mode in Chrome and Safari
// Both of those browsers are based on the Webkit project, hence the same prefix.
element.webkitRequestFullScreen();
}
// Hooray, now we're in fullscreen mode!
}
</script>
<img class="fsElement" height="375" width="500" src="http://s3.amazonaws.com/rapgenius/filepicker%2FvCleswcKTpuRXKptjOPo_kitten.jpg" id="kittenPic"></img>
<br />
<button onclick="goFullscreen('kittenPic'); return false">Click Me To Go Fullscreen!</button>
</body>
</html>
Thanks in advance!
This is from the MDN: Using full screen mode
Presentation differences
It's worth noting a key difference here between the Gecko and WebKit
implementations at this time: Gecko automatically adds CSS rules to
the element to stretch it to fill the screen: "width: 100%; height:
100%". WebKit doesn't do this; instead, it centers the fullscreen
element at the same size in a screen that's otherwise black. To get
the same fullscreen behavior in WebKit, you need to add your own
"width: 100%; height: 100%;" CSS rules to the element yourself:
:-webkit-full-screen #myvideo {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
On the other hand, if you're trying to emulate WebKit's behavior on
Gecko, you need to place the element you want to present inside
another element, which you'll make fullscreen instead, and use CSS
rules to adjust the inner element to match the appearance you want.
A working example on jsfiddle (edit). Most of the CSS is for centering the element, adapted from this SO answer, you can shed out most of the CSS and two layers of div if you don't need centering.
I've got some javascript which handles opening modal popups on my website, and it also sets the overflow-y property on the <html> element to hidden. In Chrome and IE this works as expected - the scrollbar hides, and the page behind the modal popup remains in the same scroll position. When the popup is closed, overflow-y is set to scroll and the page is in the same state and position as before.
However in Firefox, as soon as overflow-y is changed to hidden the page scroll position jumps to the very top, and so when the popup is closed the view has changed for the user - not ideal.
The problem can be seen on this jsfiddle
Is there any solution for this behaviour?
Don't use overflow: hidden on html, only on body.
I had the same problem but fixed it by removing html.
Instead :
$('body, html').css('overflow', 'hidden');
Do :
$('body').css('overflow', 'hidden');
I had the same issue
after checking it in the inspector window, I noticed that in the reset CSS, HTML is set to
HTML {
overflow-y: scroll;
}
you can fix this by setting it to
HTML {
overflow-y: initial;
}
If you don't want to touch reset CSS or just comment it
plugin and code is absolutely fine
change modal position from absolute to fixed:
#mymodal {
position: fixed
}
There are lots of bugs in the different browsers and the functionality is all over the place so be careful modifying styles on body and html tags.
To solve this issue i had to wrap the body's content into its own element and apply the scrolling restriction on it:
var $content = $('<div/>').append($body.contents()).appendTo($body);
$content.css('overflow-y', 'hidden');
This is the only way i've been able to get this working consistently across different browsers and devices.
I just encountered this problem. My fix was
/**
* Store the scroll top position as applying overflow:hidden to the body makes it jump to 0
* #type int
*/
var scrollTop;
$(selecor).unbind('click.openmenu').on('click.openmenu', function (e) {
// Stuff...
scrollTop = $('body').scrollTop() || $('html').scrollTop();
$('body,html').css({overflow: 'hidden'});
});
$(selector).unbind('click.closemenu').on('click.closemenu', function (e) {
// Stuff
$('body,html').css({overflow: 'initial'}).scrollTop(scrollTop);
});
This however doesn't solve the problem of what happens if a user resize the viewport.
Edit: I just saw your code and you used a link with href="#". That is most likely the cause. I'd suggest removing the href property or use a button for it.
You should consider that this might not be caused by the css itself.
In my case I opened my popup with a link: open popup
So what actually caused the jump to the top was the "#" in the href property of the link.
I removed it and added a noscroll class to my html and body tag:
.noscroll {
overflow: hidden;
}
Keeping the body height 100% from the beginning solved the problem for me.
body{
height:100vh;
overflow:auto;
}
body.with-modal{
overflow:hidden;
}
Use body tag instead of html.
JS Fiddle :- http://jsfiddle.net/SBLgJ/6/
JS Change:-
$(document).ready(function() {
$('#middle a').on('click', function(e) {
e.preventDefault();
$('body').css('overflow-y', 'hidden');
});
});
CSS Change:-
body {
overflow-y:scroll;
}
There is a reported issue for such behavior. (https://github.com/necolas/normalize.css/issues/71)
Is it possible to set onmouseup, onmousedown, onclick etc. functions on a video element that is fullscreen, using webkitRequestFullScreen? I register them for the element when I create it, but I do not appear to get the events when the video is full screen.
Also, is it possible to stop the video progress bar appearing when in full screen mode whenever I move the mouse?
Any answers welcome, either using jquery or javascript, or similar.
I couldn't find a way to listen to mouse events on fullscreen as well,
but I've found a workaround:
Instead of putting the video on fullscreen, I simply change the video CSS to:
position: fixed;
left: 0px;
top: 0px;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
z-index: 999;
Video then behaves like it's on fullscreen, and everything works as usual.
Finally found a way to do it in Chrome: wrap your video element with div and call webkitRequestFullScreen() for that div rather then for video + some additional magic will be required.
HTML code snippet:
<div id="video-container" style="background-color: #000000;" onclick=divClicked()>
<video id="myvideo">Video not supported!</video>
</div>
JavaScript code snippet:
function doFullscreen() {
var container = document.getElementById("video-container");
if (container.requestFullscreen) {
container.requestFullscreen();
} else if (container.mozRequestFullScreen) {
container.mozRequestFullScreen();
} else if (container.webkitRequestFullscreen) {
container.webkitRequestFullscreen();
}
var video = document.getElementById("myvideo");
// have to resize the video to fill the whole screen
video.width=window.screen.availWidth;
video.height=window.screen.availHeight;
}
Such approach allows handling mouse/etc. events in div element - see onclick declaration at HTML example above.
Also note that such approach doesn't force video controls to appear either on fullscreen or in windowed mode.
For the second question regarding the progress bar you can add the following to your CSS:
video::-webkit-media-controls-enclosure {
display:none;
}
But note once again that it is not needed when using the approach above.