How can I get an AudioBufferSourceNode's current time?

How can I get an AudioBufferSourceNode's current time? - javascript

When working with audio elements (<audio>) or contexts(AudioContext), you can check their currentTime property to know exactly the play time of your buffer.
All of this is fine an dandy until I created multiple sources (or AudioBufferSourceNode) in a single AudioContext.
The sources could be played at different times, therefore I would need to know their corresponding currentTime's, to illustrate:
Some base code for you to work off:
buffer1 = [0,1,0]; //not real buffers
buffer2 = [1,0,1];
ctx = new AudioContext();
source1 = ctx.createBufferSourceNode();
source1.buffer = buffer1;
source1.connect(ctx.destination);
source1.start(0);
source2 = ctx.createBufferSourceNode();
source2.buffer = buffer2;
source2.connect(ctx.destination);
setTimeout(1000/*some time later*/){
source2.start(0);
}
setTimeout(1500/*some more time later*/){
getCurrentTime();
}
function getCurrentTime(){
/* magic */
/* more magic */
console.log("the sources currentTime values are obviously 1500 (source1) and 500 (source2).");
}

What I usually do is create a wrapper for the audio source node that keeps track of the playback state. I've tried to minimise the code below to show the basics.
The core idea is to keep track of the time the sound is started and the time the sound is 'paused' and use those values to get the current time and to resume playback from the paused position.
I put a working example on codepen
function createSound(buffer, context) {
var sourceNode = null,
startedAt = 0,
pausedAt = 0,
playing = false;
var play = function() {
var offset = pausedAt;
sourceNode = context.createBufferSource();
sourceNode.connect(context.destination);
sourceNode.buffer = buffer;
sourceNode.start(0, offset);
startedAt = context.currentTime - offset;
pausedAt = 0;
playing = true;
};
var pause = function() {
var elapsed = context.currentTime - startedAt;
stop();
pausedAt = elapsed;
};
var stop = function() {
if (sourceNode) {
sourceNode.disconnect();
sourceNode.stop(0);
sourceNode = null;
}
pausedAt = 0;
startedAt = 0;
playing = false;
};
var getPlaying = function() {
return playing;
};
var getCurrentTime = function() {
if(pausedAt) {
return pausedAt;
}
if(startedAt) {
return context.currentTime - startedAt;
}
return 0;
};
var getDuration = function() {
return buffer.duration;
};
return {
getCurrentTime: getCurrentTime,
getDuration: getDuration,
getPlaying: getPlaying,
play: play,
pause: pause,
stop: stop
};
}

Old thread (and very useful! thanks!) , but maybe worth mentioning that in the example above instead of
function update() {
window.requestAnimationFrame(update);
info.innerHTML = sound.getCurrentTime().toFixed(1) + '/' + sound.getDuration().toFixed(1);
}
update();
it may be more precise and less resource intensive to use a createScriptProcessor
like explained in this post
const audioBuffer = await audioContext.decodeAudioData(response.data);
const chan = audioBuffer.numberOfChannels;
const scriptNode = audioContext.createScriptProcessor(4096, chan, chan);
scriptNode.connect(audioContext.destination);
scriptNode.onaudioprocess = (e) => {
// ---> audio loop <----
};
[Update]
Note: As of the August 29 2014 Web Audio API spec publication, this feature has been marked as deprecated, and was replaced by AudioWorklet (see AudioWorkletNode). https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2017/12/audio-worklet

Related

Webaudio panner crackling sound when position is changed

I'm working on a 3D web app where I want to use positional 3D audio.
I started noticing that a crackling noise appears on the output as the sound source changes its position.
Initially I thought it could be a programming issue or a library issue (I was using howler.js).
I made a very basic example based on plain JS and Webaudio API which is shown here
let params={
"xPosition":0,
"zPosition":-1
};
let gui=new dat.GUI( { autoPlace: true, width: 500 });
const AudioContext = window.AudioContext || window.webkitAudioContext;
let audioCtx;
let panner;
let listener;
let source;
let osc;
function initWebAudio(){
audioCtx = new AudioContext();
panner = audioCtx.createPanner();
listener = audioCtx.listener;
osc = audioCtx.createOscillator();
osc.frequency.value = 70;
osc.connect(panner);
osc.start(0);
panner.connect(audioCtx.destination);
panner.panningModel = 'HRTF';
panner.distanceModel = 'linear';
panner.maxDistance = 60;
panner.refDistance = 1;
panner.rolloffFactor = 1;
panner.coneInnerAngle = 360;
panner.coneOuterAngle = 360;
panner.coneOuterGain = 0;
panner.positionX.setValueAtTime(0,audioCtx.currentTime);
panner.positionY.setValueAtTime(1,audioCtx.currentTime);
panner.positionZ.setValueAtTime(1,audioCtx.currentTime);
if(panner.orientationX) {
panner.orientationX.value = 1;
panner.orientationY.value = 0;
panner.orientationZ.value = 0;
} else {
panner.setOrientation(1,0,0);
}
if(listener.forwardX) {
listener.forwardX.value = 0;
listener.forwardY.value = 0;
listener.forwardZ.value = -1;
listener.upX.value = 0;
listener.upY.value = 1;
listener.upZ.value = 0;
} else {
listener.setOrientation(0,0,-1,0,1,0);
}
if(listener.positionX) {
listener.positionX.value = 0;
listener.positionY.value = 0;
listener.positionZ.value = 0;
} else {
listener.setPosition(0,0,0);
}
}
function positionPanner() {
if(panner.positionX) {
panner.positionX.setValueAtTime(params.xPosition, audioCtx.currentTime);
} else {
panner.setPosition(params.xPosition,0,params.zPosition);
}
}
function tick(){
positionPanner();
}
function onClickStart(){
initWebAudio();
gui.add(osc.frequency,"value",50,220).name("frequency");
setInterval(tick,50);
}
function buildMenu(){
gui.add(params,"xPosition",-3,3).step(0.001);
gui.add(window,"onClickStart").name("start");
}
buildMenu();
https://jsfiddle.net/fedeM75/t9vpm8so/23/
Press start, then as you change the xPosition slider a crackling sound appears.
It is specially noticeable using headphones.
I searched on google and some people say that it has to do with the rate of change of the position. But I tried with different value ranges and it still happens with small changes.
By the way if the condition to use the panner is to have a very slow rate of change in the position it does not seem to be useful in real world cases.
I use a timer to update the position but the same happens using requestAnimationFrame()
Does anyone has a clue on why this happens and how to solve it?

I had this crackling audio with a simple GainNode. It could be a bug indeed since a simple implementation in the ScriptProcessor does work. Or it's the fact that I/we just don't get how the timing with audioCtx.currentTime should be handled?
For me the solution was to ditch the gain node and use a ScriptProcessor (deprecated: you could/should use an AudioWorkletNode) with my own gain applied to the audio signal directly:
let myGain = 1.0; // change this as you like without crackling noises
let whiteNoise = audioCtx.createScriptProcessor(4096, 0, 1);
whiteNoise.onaudioprocess = function(e) {
let output = e.outputBuffer.getChannelData(0);
for (let i = 0; i < output.length; i++) {
output[i] = (Math.random() * 2 - 1) * myGain;
}
}
This won't fix your problem directly since you have this problem with the 3D panner, but perhaps you can find sourcecode/examples for such a panner implementation and port it to an AudioWorkletNode? Hope this helps.

How to prevent a video array from playing the same video twice?

I'm trying to play video1 to 3 without playing the video twice. I'm using videos.shift(); to remove the first video from the array, but I'm not sure how to remove the other 2 videos after they play once.
var videos = ["video1", "video2", "video3"];
videos.shift();
var player1 = document.getElementById("video");
function setMp4Source1() {
var currentVideoIndex = Math.floor(Math.random() * videos.length);
var currentVideo = "videos/" + videos[currentVideoIndex] + ".mp4";
player1.src = currentVideo;
player1.load();
player1.play();
}
player1.addEventListener('ended', nextVideo, false);
function nextVideo() {
setMp4Source1();
}

If I understand this correctly, videos is a queue of videos that need to be played in order, then nothing else.
I would normalize all the queue management into the nextVideo() function, so that there was nothing special about the first time you play. Thus:
var videos = ["video1", "video2", "video3"]
var player1 = document.getElementById("video")
function setMp4Source1(theVideo) {
var currentVideo = "videos/" + theVideo + ".mp4"
player1.src = currentVideo
player1.load()
player1.play()
}
player1.addEventListener('ended', nextVideo, false)
function nextVideo() {
let theVideo = videos.unshift()
setMp4Source1(theVideo)
}
nextVideo() // start the chain here!
Now, this doesn't, as in your initial example, play a random video - just the next in the queue. You can play a random video and remove it from the queue by using splice() in nextVideo() as such:
function nextVideo() {
let randomIndex = Math.floor(Math.random() * videos.length)
let theVideo = videos[randomIndex]
videos.splice(randomIndex,1) // remove 1 element starting at the index
setMp4Source1(theVideo)
}
Of course, next you'll want to add a check to make sure you're not accessing an empty array...
function nextVideo() {
if( videos.length < 1) {
// no moar videos! :(
// probably best to bail out here and avoid further chaining.
// if you're clever, you'll add a placeholder image to let
// the user know there's no more videos.
// maybe something from http://placekitten.com/
player1.removeEventListener('ended', nextVideo, false)
sizer_x = player1.clientWidth
sizer_y = player1.clientHeight
const kitty = '<img src="http://placekitten.com/' + sizer_x + '/' + sizer_y + '"/>'
const kittyImg = document.createElement(kitty)
player1.parentNode.replaceChild(kittyImg, player1)
return
}
let randomIndex = Math.floor(Math.random() * videos.length)
let theVideo = videos[randomIndex]
videos.splice(randomIndex,1) // remove 1 element starting at the index
setMp4Source1(theVideo)
}

Keep track of the index numbers played with a Set object. Set object is simular to an array but will only contain unique items. Details are commented in the following Snippet.
const videos = [
"vs8s3.mp4", "vs12s3.mp4", "vs21s3.mp4", "vs2s3.mp4"
];
const player = document.querySelector("video");
// Create a Set object
const played = new Set();
function playVideo() {
let current = Math.floor(Math.random() * videos.length);
const base = 'https://glpjt.s3.amazonaws.com/so/av/';
const source = base + videos[current];
/* Check if video has already been played */
// If Set {played} DOES NOT have the {current} index number...
if (!played.has(current)) {
// Add {current} index number to Set {played}
played.add(current);
player.src = source;
player.play();
}
/* or if Set {played} does have {current} index number AND Set {played}
DOES NOT have the same amount of numbers as Array {videos}... */
else if (played.size != videos.length) {
// Run the function again
playVideo();
}
// Otherwise end function
else {
return false;
}
/* OPTIONAL: Display the indexes of each video played in order */
console.clear();
console.log(JSON.stringify(Array.from(played)));
};
player.addEventListener('ended', playVideo, false);
player.addEventListener('click', playVideo, false);
video {
cursor: pointer;
}
<video poster='http://simgbb.com/background/W46xw0TswdDx.jpg' width='360'></video>

Removing console.log Breaks Code with Web Audio API

I'm playing with the Web Audio API and using this code:
function playTones(startFreq, numNotes) {
if (numNotes === 0) return;
var osc = AC.createOscillator();
osc.frequency.value = startFreq;
osc.onended = function() {
playTones(startFreq + 20, numNotes-1);
};
console.log(osc.onended);
osc.connect(AC.destination);
osc.start();
osc.stop(AC.currentTime + 1);
}
It's just supposed to play a series of notes, each one 20Hz higher than the previous. However, when I remove the console.log it doesn't work; it only plays the first note and then stops with the onended callback never being called. Why would this happen? Thanks for any and all help.

Hey you could try this:
var AC = new AudioContext();
function playTones(startFreq, numNotes) {
if (numNotes === 0) return;
var osc = AC.createOscillator();
osc.frequency.value = startFreq;
// console.log(osc.onended);
osc.connect(AC.destination);
osc.start();
osc.stop(AC.currentTime + 1);
setTimeout(function(){playTones(startFreq+20,10)},1000);
}
playTones(200, 10);

Webaudio, play sound twice

I am experimenting with WebAudio and I am loading in a sound with the following javascript code.
function playAudio(){
var audio = document.getElementById('music');
var audioContext = new webkitAudioContext();
var analyser = audioContext.createAnalyser();
var source = audioContext.createMediaElementSource(audio);
source.connect(analyser);
analyser.connect(audioContext.destination);
audio.play();
}
I also want to analyse the sound can visualise it with canvas, hence the analyser. It works fine the first time but if I run this function twice I get an error.
> playAudio(); // works fine, i can hear a sound
> playAudio(); // error
InvalidStateError: Failed to execute 'createMediaElementSource' on 'AudioContext': invalid HTMLMediaElement.
What is causing this error? I know that the error is caused by this line of code:
var source = audioContext.createMediaElementSource(audio);
I am creating a new audio context, so I would assume that I can re-use the same audio element in my html.

By creating the audio element dynamically (as shown in this fiddle, http://jsfiddle.net/ikerr/WcXHK/), I was able to play the song repeatedly.
function createAudioElement(urls) {
var audioElement = document.createElement("audio");
audioElement.autoplay = true;
audioElement.loop = false;
for (var i = 0; i < urls.length; ++i) {
var typeStr = "audio/" + urls[i].split(".").pop();
if (audioElement.canPlayType === undefined ||
audioElement.canPlayType(typeStr).replace(/no/, "")) {
var sourceElement = document.createElement("source");
sourceElement.type = typeStr;
sourceElement.src = urls[i];
audioElement.appendChild(sourceElement);
console.log("Using audio asset: " + urls[i]);
}
}
return audioElement;
}
var audioContext = new webkitAudioContext();
function playAudio(){
var audio = createAudioElement(['http://www.soundjay.com/button/button-1.mp3' ]);
if(audio){
var source = audioContext.createMediaElementSource(audio);
var analyser = audioContext.createAnalyser();
source.connect(analyser);
analyser.connect(audioContext.destination);
audio.play();
}
}
playAudio(); // works fine, i can hear a sound
playAudio();
//setTimeout(playAudio,2000);
Demo : http://jsfiddle.net/raathigesh/fueg3mk7/10/

How to make motherboard beep via javascript? [duplicate]

I want my web page to beep whenever a user exceeds the maximum character limit of my <textarea>.

Solution
You can now use base64 files to produce sounds when imported as data URI. The solution is almost the same as the previous ones, except you do not need to import an external audio file.
function beep() {
var snd = new Audio("data:audio/wav;base64,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");
snd.play();
}
beep();
Compatibility
Data URI is supported on almost every browser now. More information on http://caniuse.com/datauri
Demo
http://jsfiddle.net/7EAgz/
Conversion Tool
And here is where you can convert mp3 or wav files into Data URI format:
https://dopiaza.org/tools/datauri/index.php

It's not possible to do directly in JavaScript. You'll need to embed a short WAV file in the HTML, and then play that via code.
An Example:
<script>
function PlaySound(soundObj) {
var sound = document.getElementById(soundObj);
sound.Play();
}
</script>
<embed src="success.wav" autostart="false" width="0" height="0" id="sound1"
enablejavascript="true">
You would then call it from JavaScript code as such:
PlaySound("sound1");
This should do exactly what you want - you'll just need to find/create the beep sound yourself, which should be trivial.

/*if you want to beep without using a wave file*/
var context = new AudioContext();
var oscillator = context.createOscillator();
oscillator.type = "sine";
oscillator.frequency.value = 800;
oscillator.connect(context.destination);
oscillator.start();
// Beep for 500 milliseconds
setTimeout(function () {
oscillator.stop();
}, 100);
The top answer was correct at the time but is now wrong; you can do it in pure javascript. But the one answer using javascript doesn't work any more, and the other answers are pretty limited or don't use pure javascript.
I made my own solution that works well and lets you control the volume, frequency, and wavetype.
//if you have another AudioContext class use that one, as some browsers have a limit
var audioCtx = new (window.AudioContext || window.webkitAudioContext || window.audioContext);
//All arguments are optional:
//duration of the tone in milliseconds. Default is 500
//frequency of the tone in hertz. default is 440
//volume of the tone. Default is 1, off is 0.
//type of tone. Possible values are sine, square, sawtooth, triangle, and custom. Default is sine.
//callback to use on end of tone
function beep(duration, frequency, volume, type, callback) {
var oscillator = audioCtx.createOscillator();
var gainNode = audioCtx.createGain();
oscillator.connect(gainNode);
gainNode.connect(audioCtx.destination);
if (volume){gainNode.gain.value = volume;}
if (frequency){oscillator.frequency.value = frequency;}
if (type){oscillator.type = type;}
if (callback){oscillator.onended = callback;}
oscillator.start(audioCtx.currentTime);
oscillator.stop(audioCtx.currentTime + ((duration || 500) / 1000));
};
Someone suggested I edit this to note it only works on some browsers. However Audiocontext seems to be supported on all modern browsers, as far as I can tell. It isn't supported on IE, but that has been discontinued by Microsoft. If you have any issues with this on a specific browser please report it.

I wrote a function to beep with the new Audio API.
var beep = (function () {
var ctxClass = window.audioContext ||window.AudioContext || window.AudioContext || window.webkitAudioContext
var ctx = new ctxClass();
return function (duration, type, finishedCallback) {
duration = +duration;
// Only 0-4 are valid types.
type = (type % 5) || 0;
if (typeof finishedCallback != "function") {
finishedCallback = function () {};
}
var osc = ctx.createOscillator();
osc.type = type;
//osc.type = "sine";
osc.connect(ctx.destination);
if (osc.noteOn) osc.noteOn(0); // old browsers
if (osc.start) osc.start(); // new browsers
setTimeout(function () {
if (osc.noteOff) osc.noteOff(0); // old browsers
if (osc.stop) osc.stop(); // new browsers
finishedCallback();
}, duration);
};
})();
jsFiddle.

Using Houshalter's suggestion, I made this simple tone synthesizer demo.
Screenshot
Here is a screenshot. Try the live demo further down in this Answer (click Run code snippet).
Demo code
audioCtx = new(window.AudioContext || window.webkitAudioContext)();
show();
function show() {
frequency = document.getElementById("fIn").value;
document.getElementById("fOut").innerHTML = frequency + ' Hz';
switch (document.getElementById("tIn").value * 1) {
case 0: type = 'sine'; break;
case 1: type = 'square'; break;
case 2: type = 'sawtooth'; break;
case 3: type = 'triangle'; break;
}
document.getElementById("tOut").innerHTML = type;
volume = document.getElementById("vIn").value / 100;
document.getElementById("vOut").innerHTML = volume;
duration = document.getElementById("dIn").value;
document.getElementById("dOut").innerHTML = duration + ' ms';
}
function beep() {
var oscillator = audioCtx.createOscillator();
var gainNode = audioCtx.createGain();
oscillator.connect(gainNode);
gainNode.connect(audioCtx.destination);
gainNode.gain.value = volume;
oscillator.frequency.value = frequency;
oscillator.type = type;
oscillator.start();
setTimeout(
function() {
oscillator.stop();
},
duration
);
};
frequency
<input type="range" id="fIn" min="40" max="6000" oninput="show()" />
<span id="fOut"></span><br>
type
<input type="range" id="tIn" min="0" max="3" oninput="show()" />
<span id="tOut"></span><br>
volume
<input type="range" id="vIn" min="0" max="100" oninput="show()" />
<span id="vOut"></span><br>
duration
<input type="range" id="dIn" min="1" max="5000" oninput="show()" />
<span id="dOut"></span>
<br>
<button onclick='beep();'>Play</button>
You can clone and tweak the code here:
Tone synthesizer demo on JS Bin
Have fun!
Compatible browsers:
Chrome mobile & desktop
Firefox mobile & desktop
Opera mobile, mini & desktop
Android browser
Microsoft Edge browser
Safari on iPhone or iPad
Not Compatible
Internet Explorer version 11 (but does work on the Edge browser)

This will enable you to play the sound multiple times, in contrast to the top-voted answer:
var playSound = (function beep() {
var snd = new Audio("data:audio/wav;base64,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");
return function() {
snd.play();
}
})();
playSound(); // Play first time
playSound(); // Play second time

As we read in this answer, HTML5 will solve this for you if you're open to that route. HTML5 audio is supported in all modern browsers.
Here's a copy of the example:
var snd = new Audio("file.wav"); // buffers automatically when created
snd.play();

Now it easy enough with JavaScript AudioContext API. It fully supported by major desktop and mobile web browsers...
let context = null;
const beep = (freq = 520, duration = 200, vol = 100) => {
const oscillator = context.createOscillator();
const gain = context.createGain();
oscillator.connect(gain);
oscillator.frequency.value = freq;
oscillator.type = "square";
gain.connect(context.destination);
gain.gain.value = vol * 0.01;
oscillator.start(context.currentTime);
oscillator.stop(context.currentTime + duration * 0.001);
}
document.querySelector('button').addEventListener('click', function () {
context = new AudioContext();
beep();
});
I wrote a small application that plays music from the Mario game without any audio file, just runtime. In my opinion it’s interesting, you can see the source code and listen it.

Using CSS you can do it if you add the following style to a tag, but you will need a wav file:
<style type="text/css">
.beep {cue: url("beep.wav") }
</style>
var body=document.getElementByTagName("body");
body.className=body.className + " " + "beep";

Here's how I get it to beep using HTML5:
First I copy and convert the windows wav file to mp3, then I use this code:
var _beep = window.Audio("Content/Custom/Beep.mp3")
function playBeep() { _beep.play()};
It's faster to declare the sound file globally and refer to it as needed.

This code supports sequencing of multiple beeps, as well as gradual change in frequency ('ramp' flag). Both examples are given below.
<script>
var audioContext = null;
var oscillatorNode = null;
var stopTime = 0;
function beep (frequency, durationSec, ramp=false)
{
if (oscillatorNode == null) {
audioContext = new (window.AudioContext || window.webkitAudioContext) ();
stopTime = audioContext.currentTime;
oscillatorNode = audioContext.createOscillator();
oscillatorNode.type = "sine";
oscillatorNode.connect (audioContext.destination);
if (ramp) {
oscillatorNode.frequency.setValueAtTime (frequency, stopTime);
}
oscillatorNode.start ();
oscillatorNode.onended = function() {
oscillatorNode = null;
audioContext = null;
}
}
if (ramp) {
oscillatorNode.frequency.linearRampToValueAtTime (frequency, stopTime); // value in hertz
} else {
oscillatorNode.frequency.setValueAtTime (frequency, stopTime); // value in hertz
}
stopTime += durationSec;
oscillatorNode.stop (stopTime);
}
function test1()
{
beep (250, 0.5);
beep (1000, 0.2);
beep (550, 0.5);
}
function test2()
{
beep (50, 2, true);
beep (5000, 2, true);
beep (50, 0, true);
}
</script>
<button onclick='test1()'>Beep!</button>
<button onclick='test2()'>Beep(ramped)!</button>

There's no crossbrowser way to achieve this with pure javascript. Instead you could use a small .wav file that you play using embed or object tags.

function beep(wavFile){
wavFile = wavFile || "beep.wav"
if (navigator.appName == 'Microsoft Internet Explorer'){
var e = document.createElement('BGSOUND');
e.src = wavFile;
e.loop =1;
document.body.appendChild(e);
document.body.removeChild(e);
}else{
var e = document.createElement('AUDIO');
var src1 = document.createElement('SOURCE');
src1.type= 'audio/wav';
src1.src= wavFile;
e.appendChild(src1);
e.play();
}
}
Works on Chrome,IE,Mozilla using Win7 OS.
Requires a beep.wav file on the server.

function Sound(url, vol, autoplay, loop)
{
var that = this;
that.url = (url === undefined) ? "" : url;
that.vol = (vol === undefined) ? 1.0 : vol;
that.autoplay = (autoplay === undefined) ? true : autoplay;
that.loop = (loop === undefined) ? false : loop;
that.sample = null;
if(that.url !== "")
{
that.sync = function(){
that.sample.volume = that.vol;
that.sample.loop = that.loop;
that.sample.autoplay = that.autoplay;
setTimeout(function(){ that.sync(); }, 60);
};
that.sample = document.createElement("audio");
that.sample.src = that.url;
that.sync();
that.play = function(){
if(that.sample)
{
that.sample.play();
}
};
that.pause = function(){
if(that.sample)
{
that.sample.pause();
}
};
}
}
var test = new Sound("http://mad-hatter.fr/Assets/projects/FreedomWings/Assets/musiques/freedomwings.mp3");
test.play();
http://jsfiddle.net/sv9j638j/

Note:put this code in your javascript at the point you want the beep to occur.
and remember to specify the directory or folder where the beep sound is stored(source).
<script>
//Appending HTML5 Audio Tag in HTML Body
$('<audio id="chatAudio"><source src="sound/notify.ogg" type="audio/ogg"><source src="sound/notify.mp3" type="audio/mpeg"><source src="sound/notify.wav" type="audio/wav"></audio>').appendTo('body');
$('#chatAudio')[0].play();
</script>
Reference:http://www.9lessons.info/2013/04/play-notification-sound-using-jquery.html.
I implemented this in a social media i am developing and it works find, a notification like that of facebook when chatting, notifying you that you have a new chat message

<html>
<head>
<script src='https://surikov.github.io/webaudiofont/npm/dist/WebAudioFontPlayer.js'></script>
<script src='https://surikov.github.io/webaudiofontdata/sound/0000_JCLive_sf2_file.js'></script>
<script>
var selectedPreset=_tone_0000_JCLive_sf2_file;
var AudioContextFunc = window.AudioContext || window.webkitAudioContext;
var audioContext = new AudioContextFunc();
var player=new WebAudioFontPlayer();
player.loader.decodeAfterLoading(audioContext, '_tone_0000_JCLive_sf2_file');
</script>
</head>
<body>
<p>Play a note</p>
<hr/>
<p>source</p>
</body>
listen here
https://jsbin.com/lamidog/1/edit?html,output

function beep(freq = 660, duration = 90, vol = 50) {
var context = new(window.AudioContext || window.webkitAudioContext);
const oscillator = context.createOscillator();
const gain = context.createGain();
gain.gain.setValueAtTime(0, context.currentTime);
gain.gain.linearRampToValueAtTime(1, context.currentTime + 0.002);
oscillator.connect(gain);
oscillator.frequency.value = freq;
oscillator.type = "square";
gain.connect(context.destination);
oscillator.start(context.currentTime);
oscillator.stop(context.currentTime + duration * .001);
oscillator.onended = () => context.close();
}
<br>
<center><button onclick="beep()">Beep!</button></center>

You need a sound file to be served from somewhere. Here's the code from Scriptaculous's Sound library:
//Default:
<embed style="height:0" id="sound_#{track}_#{id}" src="#{url}" loop="false" autostart="true" hidden="true"/>
//For Gecko:
if(Prototype.Browser.Gecko && navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Win") > 0){
if(navigator.plugins && $A(navigator.plugins).detect(function(p){ return p.name.indexOf('QuickTime') != -1 }))
Sound.template = new Template('<object id="sound_#{track}_#{id}" width="0" height="0" type="audio/mpeg" data="#{url}"/>');
else if(navigator.plugins && $A(navigator.plugins).detect(function(p){ return p.name.indexOf('Windows Media') != -1 }))
Sound.template = new Template('<object id="sound_#{track}_#{id}" type="application/x-mplayer2" data="#{url}"></object>');
else if(navigator.plugins && $A(navigator.plugins).detect(function(p){ return p.name.indexOf('RealPlayer') != -1 }))
Sound.template = new Template('<embed type="audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin" style="height:0" id="sound_#{track}_#{id}" src="#{url}" loop="false" autostart="true" hidden="true"/>');
else
Sound.play = function(){};
}

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