Develop Reference

How can I return "1-5" if the array is [1,2,3,4,5] in JavaScript?

I am trying to make a program that returns ["1-5"] if I give [1,2,3,4,5].
I have made it but I can't filter it. So I want a code that will filter my output code. Or any code that is better than mine.
let array = [1,2,3,5,6,7,8,10,11, 34, 56,57,];
let x = [];
for(let i = 0; i < array.length; i++){
for(let j = 0; j < array.length; j++){
if(array[i] + j == array[j]){
x.push(array[i] + "-" + array[j]);
}
if(array[j] > array[i] + j && array[j + 1]){
let y = array.slice(j, array.length)
array = y;
i, j = 0;
}
if(array[i] - array[i + 1] != -1 && array[i + 1] - array[i] != 1 && array[i + 1] != undefined){
x.push(array[i]);
}
}
}
console.log(x);

The phrasing of the question makes this somewhat difficult to answer, but based on your code snippet I can gather that you are either:
Attempting to find the range of the entire array OR
Attempting to find contiguous ranges within the array
Based on these interpretations, you could answer this question as follows:
function detectRange(a) {
// clone a
const b = [...a]
// remove first value
const min = max = b.splice(0, 1)[0]
// compute range
const range = b.reduce(({min, max}, i) => {
if(i < min) min = i
if(i > max) max = i
return { min, max }
}, {min, max})
return range
}
function detectRanges(a) {
// clone a
const b = [...a]
// remove first value
const min = max = b.splice(0, 1)[0]
// init ranges array
const ranges = [ ]
// compute ranges
const range = b.reduce(({min, max}, i) => {
if(i === max + 1) {
return {min , max: i}
} else {
ranges.push({min, max})
return {min: i, max: i}
}
}, {min, max})
// push the remaining range onto the array
ranges.push(range)
return ranges
}
function printRange(r) {
console.log(`["${r.min}-${r.max}"]`)
}
function printRanges(r) {
r.forEach(i => {
printRange(i)
})
}
// detect and print range of whole array
printRange(detectRange([1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 34, 56, 57]))
// detect and print only contiguous ranges within array
printRanges(detectRanges([1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 34, 56, 57]))

If you assume that the list is sorted, we only need to traverse the list sequentially. There's no need to have double-nested loops. If you maintain sufficient states, you can determine whether you are in a group and you merely manage the start versus the last element in the group.
To simplify things I made use of ES6 string interpolation ${start}-${last}.
let array = [1,2,3,5,6,7,8,10,11, 34, 56,57];
let result = [ ];
let hasStart = false;
let start = 0;
let last = 0;
for (let num of array) {
if (!hasStart) {
hasStart = true;
last = start = num;
continue;
}
if (num === last + 1) {
last = num;
continue;
}
result.push( start === last ? start : `${start}-${last}` );
last = start = num;
}
if (hasStart) {
result.push( start === last ? start : `${start}-${last}` );
}
console.log(result);

Input: [1,2,3,4,5]
Output: ["1-5"]
So I assume you want to get string in format:
["smallestelement-largestelement"]
var input1 = [1,2,3,4,5]
console.log( "["+'"'+Math.min(...input1)+"-"+Math.max(...input1)+'"'+"]")
If what you want is string in format:
["firstelement-lastelement"]
var input1 = [1,2,3,4,5]
console.log( "["+'"'+input1[0]+"-"+input1.pop()+'"'+"]")

If you have an integer array, and if you want to output the range, you could natively sort() it (you can also provide rules for sorting) and use shift() for the first element and slice(-1) for the last:
let arr = [4,1,5,3].sort();
console.log(arr.shift()+'-'+arr.slice(-1));
As said in the comments, you should clarify if you wish "1-57" for the snippet array, or describe your use case more broadly.

const array = [1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 34, 56, 57];
let s = null;
const result = array.sort((a, b) => a - b).reduce((p, c, i, arr) => {
if (!s) s = c;
if (c + 1 !== arr[i + 1]) {
p.push(s === c ? s : `${s}-${c}`);
s = null;
}
return p
}, [])
console.log(result);

find intersection elements in arrays in an array

I need to construct a function intersection that compares input arrays and returns a new array with elements found in all of the inputs.
The following solution works if in each array the numbers only repeat once, otherwise it breaks. Also, I don't know how to simplify and not use messy for loops:
function intersection(arrayOfArrays) {
let joinedArray = [];
let reducedArray = [];
for (let iOuter in arrayOfArrays) {
for (let iInner in arrayOfArrays[iOuter]) {
joinedArray.push(arrayOfArrays[iOuter][iInner]);
}
return joinedArray;
}
for (let i in joinedArray.sort()) {
if (joinedArray[i] === joinedArray[ i - (arrayOfArrays.length - 1)]) {
reducedArray.push(joinedArray[i]);
}
}
return reducedArray;
}

Try thhis:-
function a1(ar,ar1){
x = new Set(ar)
y = new Set(ar1)
var result = []
for (let i of x){
if (y.has(i)){
result.push(i)
}
}
if (result){return result}
else{ return 0}
}
var a= [3,4,5,6]
var b = [8,5,6,1]
console.log(a1(a,b)) //output=> [5,6]

Hopefully this snippet will be useful
var a = [2, 3, 9];
var b = [2, 8, 9, 4, 1];
var c = [3, 4, 5, 1, 2, 1, 9];
var d = [1, 2]
function intersect() {
// create an empty array to store any input array,All the comparasion
// will be done against this one
var initialArray = [];
// Convert all the arguments object to array
// there can be n number of supplied input array
// sorting the array by it's length. the shortest array
//will have at least all the elements
var x = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments).sort(function(a, b) {
return a.length - b.length
});
initialArray = x[0];
// loop over remaining array
for (var i = 1; i < x.length; i++) {
var tempArray = x[i];
// now check if every element of the initial array is present
// in rest of the arrays
initialArray.forEach(function(item, index) {
// if there is some element which is present in intial arrat but not in current array
// remove that eleemnt.
//because intersection requires element to present in all arrays
if (x[i].indexOf(item) === -1) {
initialArray.splice(index, 1)
}
})
}
return initialArray;
}
console.log(intersect(a, b, c, d))

There is a nice way of doing it using reduce to intersect through your array of arrays and then filter to make remaining values unique.
function intersection(arrayOfArrays) {
return arrayOfArrays
.reduce((acc,array,index) => { // Intersect arrays
if (index === 0)
return array;
return array.filter((value) => acc.includes(value));
}, [])
.filter((value, index, self) => self.indexOf(value) === index) // Make values unique
;
}

You can iterate through each array and count the frequency of occurrence of the number in an object where the key is the number in the array and its property being the array of occurrence in an array. Using the generated object find out the lowest frequency of each number and check if its value is more than zero and add that number to the result.
function intersection(arrayOfArrays) {
const frequency = arrayOfArrays.reduce((r, a, i) => {
a.forEach(v => {
if(!(v in r))
r[v] = Array.from({length:arrayOfArrays.length}).fill(0);
r[v][i] = r[v][i] + 1;
});
return r;
}, {});
return Object.keys(frequency).reduce((r,k) => {
const minCount = Math.min(...frequency[k]);
if(minCount) {
r = r.concat(Array.from({length: minCount}).fill(+k));
}
return r;
}, []);
}
console.log(intersection([[2,3, 45, 45, 5],[4,5,45, 45, 45, 6,7], [3, 7, 5,45, 45, 45, 45,7]]))

Return numbers which appear only once (JavaScript)

Say I have the array [1,2,3,5,2,1,4]. How do I get make JS return [3,4,5]?
I've looked at other questions here but they're all about delete the copies of a number which appears more than once, not both the original and the copies.
Thanks!

Use Array#filter method twice.
var data = [1, 2, 3, 5, 2, 1, 4];
// iterate over elements and filter
var res = data.filter(function(v) {
// get the count of the current element in array
// and filter based on the count
return data.filter(function(v1) {
// compare with current element
return v1 == v;
// check length
}).length == 1;
});
console.log(res);
Or another way using Array#indexOf and Array#lastIndexOf methods.
var data = [1, 2, 3, 5, 2, 1, 4];
// iterate over the array element and filter out
var res = data.filter(function(v) {
// filter out only elements where both last
// index and first index are the same.
return data.indexOf(v) == data.lastIndexOf(v);
});
console.log(res);

You can also use .slice().sort()
var x = [1,2,3,5,2,1,4];
var y = x.slice().sort(); // the value of Y is sorted value X
var newArr = []; // define new Array
for(var i = 0; i<y.length; i++){ // Loop through array y
if(y[i] != y[i+1]){ //check if value is single
newArr.push(y[i]); // then push it to new Array
}else{
i++; // else skip to next value which is same as y[i]
}
}
console.log(newArr);
If you check newArr it has value of:
[3, 4, 5]

var arr = [1,2,3,5,2,1,4]
var sorted_arr = arr.slice().sort(); // You can define the comparing function here.
var nonduplicates = [];
var duplicates=[];
for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
if (sorted_arr[i + 1] == sorted_arr[i]) {
duplicates.push(sorted_arr[i]);
}else{
if(!duplicates.includes(sorted_arr[i])){
nonduplicates.push(sorted_arr[i]);
}
}
}
alert("Non duplicate elements >>"+ nonduplicates);
alert("Duplicate elements >>"+duplicates);

I think there could exists option with Map.
function unique(array) {
// code goes here
const myMap = new Map();
for (const el of array) {
// save elements of array that came only once in the same order
!myMap.has(el) ? myMap.set(el, 1) : myMap.delete(el);
}
return [...myMap.keys()];
}
const array = [1,2,3,5,2,1,4];
//[11, 23, 321, 300, 50, 23, 100,89,300];
console.log(unique(array));

JavaScript - Special case of subset sum algorithm

From a given array of positive integers, I want to know if the sum of E elements from the array is equal to a given number N.
For example, given the array arr = [1, 2, 3, 4] , e = 3 and n = 9. It means if the sum of 3 elements in arr equals to 9. The result is true since 2 + 3 + 4 is equal to 9.
Another example with arr = [1, 2, 3, 4] , e = 2 and n = 7. It is true since 3 + 4 is equal to 7.
I'm trying to resolve it with recursion, but I'm stuck. My idea is to nest loops dynamically to walk through the elements to the array and compare them.
My attempt is this:
function subsetsum(arr, elements, n) {
loop(arr, elements, n, [], 0);
}
function loop(arr, elements, n, aux, index) {
if(aux.length != elements) {
aux[index] = arr.length - 1;
loop(arr, elements, n, aux, index + 1);
} else {
if ((elements - index + 1) < 0) {
return 0;
} else {
if (aux[elements - index + 1] > 0) {
aux[elements - index + 1]--;
loop(arr, elements, n, aux, index);
}
}
}
}
subsetsum([1, 2, 3, 4], 3, 9));

A related question is at Find the highest subset of an integer array whose sums add up to a given target. That can be modified to restrict the number of elements in the subset as follows:
// Find subset of a, of length e, that sums to n
function subset_sum(a, e, n) {
if (n < 0) return null; // Nothing adds up to a negative number
if (e === 0) return n === 0 ? [] : null; // Empty list is the solution for a target of 0
a = a.slice();
while (a.length) { // Try remaining values
var v = a.shift(); // Take next value
var s = subset_sum(a, e - 1, n - v); // Find solution recursively
if (s) return s.concat(v); // If solution, return
}
}

I've been playing around with this for a while and decided to use a short-cut, mainly the permutation code from this previous SO question.
My code uses basically uses the permutation code to create an array of all the possible permutations from the input array, then for each array (using map) grabs a slice corresponding to the number specified as amount, sums that slice and if it is the same as total returns true.
some then returns the final result as to whether there are any permutations that equals the total.
function checker(arr, amount, total) {
var add = function (a, b) { return a + b; }
return permutator(arr).map(function(arr) {
var ns = arr.slice(0, amount);
var sum = ns.reduce(add);
return sum === total;
}).some(Boolean);
}
checker([1, 2, 3, 4], 3, 9); // true
I've included two demos - 1) a demo showing this code, and 2) code that provides a more detailed breakdown: basically map returns an object containing the slice info, the sum totals and whether the condition has been met.
This is probably not what you're looking for because it's a bit long-winded, but it was certainly useful for me to investigate :)
Edit - alternatively here's a hacked version of that permutation code from the previous question that delivers the results and an array of matches:
function permutator(inputArr, amount, total) {
var results = [], out = [];
function permute(arr, memo) {
var cur, memo = memo || [];
var add = function (a, b) { return a + b; }
for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
cur = arr.splice(i, 1);
if (arr.length === 0) {
results.push(memo.concat(cur));
}
var a = arr.slice();
// this is the change
var sum = memo.concat(cur).reduce(add);
if (memo.concat(cur).length === amount && sum === total) {
out.push(memo.concat(cur))
}
permute(a, memo.concat(cur));
arr.splice(i, 0, cur[0]);
}
return [results, out];
}
return permute(inputArr);
}
permutator([1,2,3,4], 3, 9);
DEMO

If I understand you correctly, the solution of this task must be simple like this:
function subsetsum(arr, countElements, sum) {
var length = arr.length-1;
var temp = 0;
var lastElement = length-countElements;
console.log(lastElement);
for (var i = length; i > lastElement; i--) {
temp = temp+arr[i];
console.log('Sum: '+temp);
}
if (temp === sum) {
console.log('True!');
} else {console.log('False!')}
};
subsetsum([1, 2, 3, 4], 2, 7);

Merge arrays with overlapping values

Im using Node.js. (...and underscore.js)
Consider this data structure
var numbers = [
[10, 20]
[30, 40]
[40, 50]
[45, 70]
... //Possibly more arrays (always contains two numbers)
]
numbers contain arrays that always contain number pairs. Think of these number pairs as "start" and "end". I want a function that takes numbers as argument, and loop trough its content, and if the "start" number of a pair overlap the "end" number of previous pair, these arrays is merged into one. For example this:
var numbers = [
[10, 20]
[19, 40]
[40, 60]
[70, 80]
]
Becomes this:
var numbers = [
[10, 60] // First, second and third array is merged because of overlapping .
[70, 80]
]
Actually, I already have written a function for this that works fine, but feels a bit clunky.
I'm curious if some javascript wizard can dazzle me with a super elegant solution =).

Create an empty "result" array. Loop over the ranges array and either change the last item of the result or add the current range to it.
function merge(ranges) {
var result = [], last;
ranges.forEach(function (r) {
if (!last || r[0] > last[1])
result.push(last = r);
else if (r[1] > last[1])
last[1] = r[1];
});
return result;
}
r = [[10, 20], [19, 40], [40, 60], [70, 80]];
document.write(JSON.stringify(merge(r)));
This assumes that the source array is sorted, if it's not always the case, sort it before merging:
ranges.sort(function(a, b) { return a[0]-b[0] || a[1]-b[1] });

I created a function which does what you want:
function merge(arr) {
// copy and sort the array
var result = arr.slice().sort(function(a, b) {
return a[0] > b[0];
}),
i = 0;
while(i < result.length - 1) {
var current = result[i],
next = result[i+1];
// check if there is an overlapping
if(current[1] >= next[0]) {
current[1] = Math.max(current[1], next[1]);
// remove next
result.splice(i+1, 1);
} else {
// move to next
i++;
}
}
return result;
};
This function can be used this way:
var mergedNumbers = merge(numbers);
DEMO

As #Brett said, this might be a better fit for Code Review (just be sure to include your current implementation). If you post there, put a reference to it here somewhere and I'll move my answer.
Assuming that your numbers array is already sorted correctly, this function should do what you want:
function combine(numbers) {
return numbers.reduce(function(combined, next) {
if (!combined.length || combined[combined.length-1][1] < next[0]) combined.push(next);
else {
var prev = combined.pop();
combined.push([prev[0], Math.max(prev[1], next[1])]);
}
return combined;
}, []);
}
var n = [[10, 20], [19, 40], [40, 60], [70, 80], [75, 76]];
var r = combine(n);
document.write('<pre>' + JSON.stringify(r) + '</pre>');
This "reduces" the original array to the new one using the following logic in the reduce function:
If this is the first pass or the last item does not overlap the current item, push the current item on to the combined array.
Otherwise:
pop the last item off the combined array.
push the combination of the last item and the current item on to the combined array.

Simple concise JavaScript solution:
Algo
Sort the intervals by the start index in ascending order.
If the current interval overlap with the previous one, update the previous interval accordingly.
Otherwise, if the current start value > the previous end value), we put the interval in the result.
Implement code
var merge = (intervals) => {
intervals.sort((a, b) => a[0] - b[0]);
const merged = [intervals[0]];
for (let i = 1; i < intervals.length; i++) {
const [start, end] = intervals[i];
let prev = merged[merged.length - 1];
if (prev[1] >= start) {
prev[1] = Math.max(prev[1], end);
} else merged.push(intervals[i]);
}
return merged;
};
console.log(merge([[10, 20], [19, 40], [40, 60], [70, 80]]));

let arr = [
[1, 3],
[2, 6],
[5, 10],
[15, 18],
[18, 6],
];
const mergeoverlapping = (arr) => {
if (arr.length < 2) return intervals;
arr.sort((a, b) => a[0] - b[0]);
let top = 0;
let down = arr.length - 1;
let left = 0;
let temp = [];
let right = arr[0].length - 1;
let result = [];
while (top + 1 <= down) {
if (arr[top][right] >= arr[top + 1][left]) {
arr[top + 1][left] = arr[top][left];
temp = [arr[top + 1][left], arr[top + 1][right]];
} else {
result.push(temp);
temp = arr[top + 1];
}
top++;
}
result.push(temp);
console.log(result);
};
console.log(mergeoverlapping(arr));

Expanding on accepted solution to provide more readability and a common use-case which is working with sets of integers where we want [[0,21],[22,42]] => [[0,42]]`:
const arr = [[21,21],[-21,1],[21,42],[5,10],[11,21]].sort((a, b) => a[0] - b[0]);
print(merge(arr));
print(merge(arr, true));
function merge(ranges, integers) { // range must be sorted by 1st element
let prev = ranges[0];
const result = [prev];
for (let i = 1; i < ranges.length; i++) {
const next = ranges[i];
if (next[0] > prev[1] + (integers ? 1 : 0)) {
result.push((prev = next));
continue;
}
if (next[1] > prev[1]) prev[1] = next[1];
}
return result;
}
function print(value) {
console.info(JSON.stringify(value))
}
Previous solutions are for closed intervals/ranges (where boundaries are included). This would be the approach for open intervals/ranges (boundaries not included):
const arr = [[21,21],[-21,1],[21,42],[5,10],[11,21]].filter(([a,b]) => a !== b).sort((a, b) => a[0] - b[0]); // 21 is not included
print(merge(arr));
function merge(ranges) { // range must be sorted by 1st element
let prev = ranges[0];
const result = [prev];
for (let i = 1; i < ranges.length; i++) {
const next = ranges[i];
if (next[0] >= prev[1]) { // >= instead of >
result.push((prev = next));
continue;
}
if (next[1] > prev[1]) prev[1] = next[1];
}
return result;
}
function print(value) {
console.info(JSON.stringify(value))
}