I'm trying to find a way to control how lines break in a menu listing, so that we don't wind up with a single word in the second line.
For example, I have a navigation menu that is 200px wide. One of the items is "City Development Reources & Plan." Natively, the line breaks like this:
City Development Resources & Plan
What I want is a minimum number of words or characters to break, so that it looks more like this:
City Development Resources & Plan
I'm not finding anything in pure CSS to manage that, and before I go down the javascript rabbit-hole, I was wondering if anyone had something already handy.
Thanks for any help,
ty
Unfortunately there is no way to do this with css only. You can either add the line break manually or write a javascript function to manage this.
Since you have the fixed 200 width on the container, you can trick the browser using left-right padding, just measure it with the web inspector and add padding until breaks on a nice way.
Related
I need to add line breaks in the positions that the browser naturally adds a newline in a paragraph of text.
For example:
<p>This is some very long text \n that spans a number of lines in the paragraph.</p>
This is a paragraph that the browser chose to break at the position of the \n
I need to find this position and insert a <br />
Does anyone know of any JS libraries or functions that are able to do this?
The only solutuion that I have found so far is to remove tokens from the paragraph and observe the clientHeight property to detect a change in element height. I don't have time to finish this and would like to find something that's already tested.
Edit:
The reason I need to do this is that I need to accurately convert HTML to PDF. Acrobat renders text narrower than the browser does. This results in text that breaks in different positions. I need an identical ragged edge and the same number of lines in the converted PDF.
Edit:
#dtsazza: Thanks for your considered answer. It's not impossible to produce a layout editor that almost exactly replciates HTML I've written 99% of one ;)
The app I'm working on allows a user to create a product catalogue by dragging on 'tiles' The tiles are fixed width, absolutely positioned divs that contain images and text. All elemets are styled so font size is fixed. My solution for finding \n in paragraph is ok 80% of the time and when it works with a given paragrah the resulting PDF is so close to the on-screen version that the differences do not matter. Paragraphs are the same height (to the pixel), images are replaced with high res versions and all bitmap artwork is replaced with SVGs generated server side.
The only slight difference between my HTML and PDF is that Acrobat renderes text slightly more narrowly which results in line slightly shorter line length.
Diodeus's solution of adding span's and finding their coords is a very good one and should give me the location of the BRs. Please remember that the user will never see the HTML with the inserted BRs - these are added so that the PDF conversion produces a paragraph that is exactly the same size.
There are lots of people that seem to think this is impossible. I already have a working app that created extremely accurate HTML->PDF conversion of our docs - I just need a better solution of adding BRs because my solution sometimes misses a BR. BTW when it does work my paragraphs are the same height as the HTML equivalents which is the result we are after.
If anyone is interested in the type of doc i'm converting then you can check ou this screen cast:
http://www.localsa.com.au/brochure/brochure.html
Edit: Many thanks to Diodeus - your suggestion was spot on.
Solution:
for my situation it made more sense to wrap the words in spans instead of the spaces.
var text = paragraphElement.innerHTML.replace(/ /g, '</span> <span>');
text = "<span>"+text+"</span>"; //wrap first and last words.
This wraps each word in a span. I can now query the document to get all the words, iterate and compare y position. When y pos changes add a br.
This works flawlessly and gives me the results I need - Thank you!
I would suggest wrapping all spaces in a span tag and finding the coordinates of each tag. When the Y-value changes, you're on a new line.
I don't think there's going to be a very clean solution to this one, if any at all. The browser will flow a paragraph to fit the available space, linebreaking where needed. Consider that if a user resizes the browser window, all the paragraphs will be rerendered and almost certainly will change their break positions. If the user changes the size of the text on the page, the paragraphs will be rerendered with different line break points. If you (or some script on your page) changes the size of another element on the page, this will change the amount of space available to a floating paragraph and again - different line break points.
Besides, changing the actual markup of your page to mimic something that the browser does for you (and does very well) seems like the wrong approach to whatever you're doing. What's the actual problem you're trying to solve here? There's probably a better way to achieve it.
Edit: OK, so you want to render to PDF the same as "the screen version". Do you have a specific definitive screen version nominated - in terms of browser window dimensions, user stylesheets, font preferences and adjusted font size? The critical thing about HTML is that it deliberately does not specify a specific layout. It simply describes what is on the page, what they are and where they are in relation to one another.
I've seen several misguided attempts before to produce some HTML that will exactly replicate a printed creative, designed in something like a DTP application where a definitive absolute layout is essential. Those efforts were doomed to failure because of the nature of HTML, and doing it the other way round (as you're trying to) will be even worse because you don't even have a definitive starting point to work from.
On the assumption that this is all out of your hands and you'll have to do it anyway, my suggestion would be to give up on the idea of mangling the HTML. Look at the PDF conversion software - if it's any good it should give you some options for font kerning and similar settings. Playing around with the details here should get you something that approximates the font rendering in the browser and thus breaks lines at the same places.
Failing that, all I can suggest is taking screenshots of the browser and parsing these with OCR to work out where the lines break (it shouldn't require a very accurate OCR since you know what the raw text is anyway, it essentially just has to count spaces). Or perhaps just embed the screenshot in the PDF if text search/selection isn't a big deal.
Finally doing it by hand is likely the only way to make this work definitively and reliably.
But really, this is still just wrong and any attempts to revise the requirements would be better. Keep going up one step in the chain - why does the PDF have to have the exact same ragged edge as some arbitrary browser rendering? Can you achieve that purpose in another (better) way?
Sounds like a bad idea when you account for user set font sizes, MS Windows accessibility mode, and the hundreds of different mobile devices. Let the browser do it's thing - trying to have exact control over the rendering will only cause you hours of frustration.
I don't think you'll be able to do this with any kind of accuracy without embedding Gecko/WebKit/Trident or essentially recreating them.
Maybe an alternative: do all line-breaks yourself, instead of relying on the browser. Place all text in pre tags, and add your own linebreaks. Now at least you don't have to figure out where the browser put them.
A contentEditable has automatic word wrapping, creating a new line when you reach the width of the editable area. This is great but I am parsing the contents of this afterwards and I need it to add a <br> when it does this. I have tried everything I can think of and I can't achieve this. Any help greatly received.
This is not possible, the word wrapping point is 'browser discretion' and as such susceptible to font size differences, fonts not being installed, font render engines, anti-aliasing settings etc. etc. The line-wrap point is, so to speak, 'not your problem' from the browser's perspective, and as such it doesn't give this info away.
Theoretically you could rebuild the content word-for-word in JS in a dynamically sized and similarly styled div, and monitor for when the height changes - that's where the newlines occur. It'd be a crap load of crappy code to achieve a dodgy result though.
I can't help but feel like you're asking for an XY-solution here - if you need newlines at the given point, let the end user give them when he wants to. Simply adding overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap to the editable element forces them to. Example here.
Ok I need to be able to position a bunch of random sized absolutely positioned words on a page but I don't want any of the elements to overlap.
The end goal is to have a fluid word cloud that responds to user interaction (remember the Google Balls Doodle?). I would really like to build this from scratch to develop my understanding of this type of development. Any help in this department would also be appreciated :)
I'm not sure if you also want to position the words randomly inside a container, but i've written a fiddle that does just that. You can modify the code to position one word right after the other if you want to though. I think the key part is the method to check if there's a collision.
see http://jsfiddle.net/fZtdt/13/
EDIT: Be aware that this is very simple and unoptimized code. If for example you would add to many words, chances are that the script won't be able to fit all words inside the container, and get into an endless loop.
I have forked Jules' script to add this improvement : the search for a non-overlapping region is bounded (otherwise the original script will loop I believe), and the best region (the one with the smallest overlap) is selected.
see http://jsfiddle.net/Vnyvc/21/
play with the maxSearchIterations variable and/or the size of the whole region, it really makes a difference.
I have some HTML documents that are converted to PDF, using software that renders using QtWebkit (not sure which version).
Currently, the documents have specific tags to split into columns and pages - so whenever the wording changes, it is a manual time-consuming process to move these tags so that the columns and pages fit.
Can anyone provide a way to have text auto-wrapped into the next column/page (as appropriate) when it reaches the bottom of the current container?
Any HTML, CSS or JS supported by QtWebkit is ok (assuming it works in the PDF converter).
(I have tested the webkit-column-* in CSS3 and it appears QtWebkit does not support this.)
To make things more exciting, it also needs to:
- put a header at the top of each page, with page X of Y numbering;
- if an odd number of pages, add a blank page at the end (with no header);
- have the ability to say "don't break inside this block" or "don't break after this header"
I have put some quick example initial markup and target markup to help explain what I'm trying to do.
(The actual documents are far more complicated than that, but I need a simple proof-of-concept before I attack the real ones.)
Any suggestions?
Update:
I've got a partially working solution using Aaron's "filling up" suggestion - I'll post more details in a bit.
Create a document with a single page and all the text in a single column. Use JavaScript to cut the text into parts.
Use pixel coordinates to locate the paragraph/element that doesn't fit anymore. Move it and everything below to the next col. If a "page" already has two "col" divs, start a new page.
After all pages have been created, count and number the pages. Fix even/odd stuff, etc.
Will take some time but it's automatic.
Another approach would be to add all the content to a "source" div and move items to the col div until it's full and repeat with the next col.
Have a look at Prototype or jQuery; they should give you lots of tools to move stuff around in the document.
[EDIT] Instead of only relying on jQuery functions, I suggest to create one or two objects which keep track of the current page and the current column, etc. These give you stable foundations to stand on from which you can fire the helper methods.
I'm currently developing a website and my client wants the text of various articles to overflow into two columns. Kind of like in a newspaper? So it would look like:
Today in Wales, someone actually Nobody was harmed in
did something interesting. the incident, although one
Authorities are baffled by this elderly victim is receiving
development and have arrested the counselling.
perpetrator.
Is there a way I can do this with just CSS alone? I'd prefer not to have to use multiple divs. I'm open to using JavaScript too, but I'm really bad at that, so help would be appreciated. I was thinking maybe JavaScript could count how many <p>'s there are in the content div, and then move the second half of them to be floated right based on that?
The good news is that there is a CSS-only solution. If it was implemented, it would look like this:
div.multi {
column-count: 3
column-gap: 10px;
column-rule: 1px solid black;
}
I'd probably handle it in your backend, whatever that happens to be. An example in PHP might look like:
$content = "Today in Wales, someone actually did something...";
// Find the literal halfway point, should be close to the textual halfway point
$pos = int(strlen($content) / 2);
// Find the end of the nearest word
while ($content[$pos] != " ") { $pos++; }
// Split into columns based on the word ending.
$column1 = substr($content, 0, $pos);
$column2 = substr($content, $pos+1);
It should probably be possible to do something similar in JavaScript with InnerHTML, but personally I'd avoid that whole situation because more and more people are using plugins like NoScript that disables JavaScript till it's explicitly allowed for x site, and above anything else, div's and CSS were designed to degrade nicely. A JavaScript solution would degrade horribly in this case.
Here's a JQuery plugin which does columns automatically, and can even vary number of columns based on screen size.
I haven't used this myself, but check it out.
If you are using Mootools, you can check out MooColumns.
First off, i don't think just css can do that, but i would love to be proven wrong.
Second, just counting paragraphs won't help you at all, you need at least all the heights and calculate the middle of the text height based on that, but you'd have to account for window resizing etc. I don't think there is a reasonably simple off the shelf solution. Unfortunately i'm pessimistic about finding a perfect solution to this problem, But it is an interesting one.
This is difficult to achieve in HTML/CSS/JS for a reason (although I'm sure it's possible).
Newspapers use multiple columns to reduce the line width make text more readable. This is fine on paper because when you finish one column you flip your eye up to the beginning of the next.
On the web we use scrolling to allow text to continue past the bounds of the screen therefore don't need columns.
This is supported in a Mozilla only CSS extension: -moz-column-count. See : https://developer.mozilla.org/en/CSS3_Columns