html canvas drawing shows through - javascript

I'm sure this question has been asked before I just can't find an answer to it yet.
I want to erase part of a black rectangle by drawing another, white rectangle on top, but a lot of the original black rectangle shows through as if it is being averaged:
canvas = document.getElementById('canvas');
context = canvas.getContext('2d');
context.globalAlpha = 1;
context.globalCompositeOperation = 'source-over';
context.strokeStyle = 'rgba(0,0,0,1)';
context.strokeRect(10,20,20,30);
context.strokeStyle = 'rgba(250,250,250,1)';
context.strokeRect(20,20,10,30);
js fiddle here What I want to see is a single black C on the left and an almost white rectangle next to it. Instead I see the single black C, a grey reverse C and the almost white line in between the two:

At first I thought it's because the box isn't black at all, instead it looks gray and with a little bit of alpha. So, after some googling I found this: Why isn't rectangle black in HTML 5 canvas?
basically, you draw you rectangle with a 1px wide border on a round pixel number, this means that the browser tries to draw on a half pixel. You should set the position to something .5 in order to avoid this problem:
http://jsfiddle.net/VdGa6/2/
canvas = document.getElementById('canvas');
context = canvas.getContext('2d');
// context.globalAlpha = 1; // this is the default so it's not needed
// context.globalCompositeOperation = 'source-over'; // this is the default so it's not needed
context.strokeStyle = 'rgba(0,0,0,1)';
context.strokeRect(10.5,20.5,20,30);
context.strokeStyle = 'rgba(250,250,250,1)';
context.strokeRect(20.5,20.5,10,30);

Related

How to clear an element of canvas that is moving (leaves a streak) without clearing canvas

Say I have drawn a circle on a canvas that has something else drawn on it that stops me from clearing the canvas - due to the other element being randomly generated
var circleX = 50;
var circleY = 10;
var moveCircX = 2;
var moveCircY = 3;
function createCirc(){
ctx.fillStyle = 'red';
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.arc(circleX, circleY, 10, 0, Math.PI*2, true);
ctx.fill();
}
function circMove(){
circleY = (circleY + circMoveY)
//then validation to stop it from being drawn of the canvas
So what I'm trying to do is move the circle but clear the previous drawn circle from the canvas. So is there a solution to clearing the circle or would it be easier to create a sprite that replicates the circle?
Since your background isn't changing, the simplest strategy is to copy the background before you first draw your circle, then draw your circle. When you're moving, redraw that part of the background from the copy you kept, then draw your circle in the new place.
An efficient way to do that is to use getImageData and putImageData.
So, (my javascript is rusty, so this may not be perfect. Feel free to correct any mistakes), before the first time you createCirc, simply do:
imageData = ctx.getImageData(0,0, ctx.canvas.width, ctx.canvas.height)
And, in your circMove function, before you move and redraw the circle, you want:
ctx.putImageData(imageData, circleX, circleY, circleX, circleY, 2*circle_radius, 2*circle_radius)
(You don't define circle_radius, but I'm sure you must have a similar value. I'm using 2x the radius to presumably be the size of the image that is drawn.)

How to "paint" on an image on Canvas?

I want to use an image like this on canvas:
The user will "paint and fill" the image, but not on top of the outline.
The problem is:
If I put behind the canvas, the paint will cover the outline.
If I put over the canvas the image block canvas interaction.
Can you help me guys?
Use compositing mode "destination-over" to draw behind existing content (from image, vectors etc.). It's necessary that the existing content provide an alpha channel or composition won't work. If there is no alpha-channel you can convert inverse luma / matte (the white) to alpha channel.
// a quick-n-dirty demo
var ctx = c.getContext("2d");
ctx.lineWidth = 10;
ctx.moveTo(100, 0); ctx.lineTo(150, 150); ctx.stroke();
ctx.fillStyle = "#09f";
// KEY: composite mode -
ctx.globalCompositeOperation = "destination-over";
// draw behind the line
c.onmousemove = function(e) {
ctx.fillRect(e.clientX - 10, e.clientY - 10, 20, 20);
};
body {margin:0}
canvas {border:#777 solid 1px}
<canvas id="c"></canvas>
Here is the example of drawImage function. You can draw any preloaded image onto canvas. You can also try to place the <img> overlay in front of the canvas and disable mouse events for it using pointer-events: none CSS property.

JavaScript: Is it possible to cut a shape out of a rectangle to make a transparent hole in it?

I am trying to make a 2d top-down game in Javascript at the moment. I've currently got a day/night system working where a black rectangle gradually becomes more opaque (as the day goes on) before it finally is fully opaque, simulating the peak of the night where the player can not see.
I want to implement an artificial light system, where the player could use a torch that will illuminate a small area in-front of them. However, my problem is that I don't seem to be able to find a way to 'cut out' a shape from my opaque rectangle. By cutting out a shape, it would look like the player has a torch.
Please find an example mock-up image I made below to show what I mean.
http://i.imgur.com/VqnTwoR.png
Obviously the shape shouldn't be as roughly drawn as that :)
Thanks for your time,
Cam
EDIT: The code used to draw the rectangle is as follows:
context.fillStyle = "#000033";
context.globalAlpha = checkLight(gameData.worldData.time);
context.fillRect(0, 0, 512, 480);
//This is where you have to add the cut out triangles for light!
context.stroke();
Instead of drawing a rectangle over the scene to darken it when the "light" is on, instead draw an image with the "lit" area completely transparent and the rest of the "dark" area more opaque.
One way is to use declare a triangular clipping area and draw your revealed scene. The scene would display only inside the defined clipping area.
Example code and a Demo:
var canvas = document.getElementById('myCanvas');
var context = canvas.getContext('2d');
var x = canvas.width / 2;
var y = canvas.height / 2;
var radius = 75;
var offset = 50;
var img = new Image();
img.onload = function() {
knockoutAndRefill(50,100,300,50,75,350);
};
img.src = 'http://guideimg.alibaba.com/images/trip/1/03/18/7/landscape-arch_68367.jpg';
function knockoutAndRefill(x0,y0,x1,y1,x2,y2){
context.save();
context.fillStyle='black';
context.fillRect(0,0,canvas.width,canvas.height);
context.beginPath();
context.moveTo(x0,y0);
context.lineTo(x1,y1);
context.lineTo(x2,y2);
context.closePath();
context.clip();
context.drawImage(img,0,0);
context.restore();
}
<canvas id=myCanvas width=500 height=400>

how to make canvas outline a transparent png for on hover glow

Is it possible to give a glow effect to an image automatically, say using canvas?
jsfiddle
The canvas tag would have to omit the transparent
and make it have an outter glow?
<canvas id="canvas" width=960 height=960></canvas>
Make a canvas path glow by applying a series of overlapping shadows with increasing blur
A Demo: http://jsfiddle.net/m1erickson/Z3Lx2/
You can change the styling of the glow by varying the number of overlays and the blur size.
Example code for a glow effect:
var canvas = document.getElementById("canvas");
var ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
// glow
var glowColor="blue";
ctx.save();
ctx.strokeStyle = glowColor;
ctx.shadowColor = glowColor;
ctx.shadowOffsetX=300;
for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
ctx.shadowBlur = i * 2;
ctx.strokeRect(-270, 30, 75, 150);
}
ctx.restore();
To get the outline path of your phone image, you can use the "marching ants" algorithm.
This algorithm will create a path that outlines an image.
In your case you would define the image as all pixels that are not transparent.
Here's a very good implementation of "marching ants" that is used in the excellent d3 library:
https://github.com/d3/d3-plugins/blob/master/geom/contour/contour.js
It's used like this:
DrawImage your phone on the canvas.
// draw the image
// (this time to grab the image's pixel data
ctx.drawImage(img,0,0);
Get the pixel color array from the canvas using ctx.getImageData
// grab the image's pixel data
imgData=ctx.getImageData(0,0,canvas.width,canvas.height);
data=imgData.data;
Define a function that checks the pixel array for non-transparent pixels at any x,y on the canvas.
// This is used by the marching ants algorithm
// to determine the outline of the non-transparent
// pixels on the image
var defineNonTransparent=function(x,y){
var a=data[(y*cw+x)*4+3];
return(a>20);
}
Call the contour function:
// call the marching ants algorithm
// to get the outline path of the image
// (outline=outside path of transparent pixels
var points=geom.contour(defineNonTransparent);
Here's an example result:
the glow is automatically generated using overlapping shadows
the outline path of the phone is calculated using the marching ants algorithm

use globalAlpha in canvas only for part of canvas

i want to set transparency for part of canvas
can I use globalAlpha like for all canvas except rectangle i create in the canvas ?
If you mean how to make a rectangle transparent after you have a bunch of things drawn to the canvas you can do the following:
/// clear a rectangle to make canvas transparent
ctx.globalCompositeOperation = 'destination-out';
/// set alpha using a fill color with transparency
ctx.fillStyle = 'rgba(0,0,0,0.5)';
/// fill rectangle which now will become partly transparent all the way
ctx.fillRect(40, 40, 320, 320);
/// reset composite mode
ctx.globalCompositeOperation = 'source-over';
Live demo here
If this is not what you mean then you need to plan your drawings. As mentioned elsewhere you can set globalAlpha before you draw something, draw it, then set globalAlpha back before you draw the next. Each draw after setting globalAlpha will be drawn with that alpha value (if the fill-style, stroke-style of image alpha uses transparency as well that will be a result of the two alpha values as they are multiplied).
globalCompositeOperation decides how it will be drawn, for example on top of existing content, instead of and so forth (see an overview here).
As I've said in the comments twice, you just have to set the global alpha to what you want, draw what you want with that alpha, then change the global alpha to a new value, then draw what you want in that alpha. That can be done as follows
var canvas = document.querySelector('canvas');
var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
ctx.fillStyle = 'rgba(255, 0, 0,1)';
ctx.fillRect(0, 0, 150, 50);
ctx.globalAlpha = 0.2;
ctx.fillRect(150,50,150,50);
Demo

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