What does (+var) means [duplicate] - javascript

This question already has answers here:
What is unary + used for in Javascript?
(4 answers)
What does a + prefix do in this context?
(5 answers)
Closed 9 years ago.
I'm new into the javascript world and I have not found any information about this notation.
I found it in that topic (see the answer): Convert HH:MM:SS string to seconds only in javascript.
// minutes are worth 60 seconds. Hours are worth 60 minutes.
var seconds = (+a[0]) * 60 * 60 + (+a[1]) * 60 + (+a[2]);
Also I wanted to use that code to convert 'HH:MM:SS' string to seconds. But, it seems unsafe for me. If the user inserts 'XX:03:SS', the value will be NaN which is not correct (at least for me). So I decided to improved it with:
function convertHHMMSSToSeconds(time) {
// initialize seconds
var seconds = 0;
//ensure time
if (!time) {
return seconds;
}
try {
var hmsTab = time.split(':'); // split it at the colons
// ensure that the hmsTab contains 3 values (hh,mm,ss)
if (!hmsTab || hmsTab.length !== 3) {
return seconds;
}
// initialize hh, mm and ss
var hh = hmsTab[0] > 0 && hmsTab[0] < 60? +hmsTab[0] : 0;
var mm = hmsTab[1] > 0 && hmsTab[1] < 60 ? +hmsTab[1] : 0;
var ss = hmsTab[2] > 0 && hmsTab[2] < 60 ? +hmsTab[2] : 0;
// return 0 if one variable is not valid
if(+hmsTab[0] !== hh ||+hmsTab[1] !== mm || +hmsTab[2] !== ss) {
return seconds;
}
// minutes are worth 60 seconds. Hours are worth 60 minutes.
seconds = (hh * 60 * 60) + (mm * 60) + ss;
}catch (error)
{
seconds = 0;
}
return seconds && seconds>0 ? seconds : 0;
}
So my question still remains, what does (+var) mean.
Regards,

The + sign in front of a variable, will cast that variable to a number. Example:
var x = "3";
var y = x + 10; // 310
var z = +x + 10 // 13

+var is the application of the unary identity operator to the value of var. The identity operator can be thought of as similar to a function that returns its only parameter:
function identity(operand) {
return operand;
}
However, the identity operator only acts on numeric values. Since Javascript is a weak-typed language, applying a numeric function to a non-numeric value will cause the non-numeric value to be coerced into an equivalent numeric value. In the most common case for coercing using the identity operator, a string containing a number is parsed into a number.
While quick to type and easy to remember, coercion with the identity operator is not very robust. Here are some sample outputs:
+'150' // 150
+'150z' // NaN
+'z150' // NaN
+'015' // 15 -- note that it doesn't interpret as octal*
+'015z' // NaN
+'z015' // NaN
+'0xf' // 15 -- note that it interprets as hexadecimal
+'0xfz' // NaN
+'z0xf' // NaN
+'NaN' // NaN
+'undefined' // NaN
Compare the same inputs with parseInt:
parseInt('150') // 150
parseInt('150z') // 150
parseInt('z150') // NaN
parseInt('015') // 15 -- note that it still doesn't interpret as octal*
parseInt('015z') // 15
parseInt('z015') // NaN
parseInt('0xf') // 15 -- note that it still interprets as hexadecimal
parseInt('0xfz') // 15
parseInt('z0xf') // NaN
parseInt('NaN') // NaN
parseInt('undefined') // NaN
parseInt also gives you more control over the result:
parseInt('015', 8) // 13
parseInt('z0xf', 36) // 1634163
parseInt('1010', 2) // 10
* In EMCAScript 5. Previous versions would default to octal when dealing with leading zeroes.
Strings are not the only thing which can be coerced into numbers with the identity operator, although they are the most common, and the conversion is the most sensible. Other coercions might make sense, or they might not. Example:
+[] // 0
+[150] // 150
+['150'] // 150
+['150z'] // NaN
+[1, 2] // NaN
+{} // NaN
+null // 0
+true // 1
+false // 0
+NaN // NaN
+undefined // NaN
+function(){} // NaN

A way of convertion to number:
+n === Number(n)

Its shortest form to convert a variable to number

Related

Decrement loop in javascript [duplicate]

How do I convert a string to an integer in JavaScript?
The simplest way would be to use the native Number function:
var x = Number("1000")
If that doesn't work for you, then there are the parseInt, unary plus, parseFloat with floor, and Math.round methods.
parseInt()
var x = parseInt("1000", 10); // You want to use radix 10
// So you get a decimal number even with a leading 0 and an old browser ([IE8, Firefox 20, Chrome 22 and older][1])
Unary plus
If your string is already in the form of an integer:
var x = +"1000";
floor()
If your string is or might be a float and you want an integer:
var x = Math.floor("1000.01"); // floor() automatically converts string to number
Or, if you're going to be using Math.floor several times:
var floor = Math.floor;
var x = floor("1000.01");
parseFloat()
If you're the type who forgets to put the radix in when you call parseInt, you can use parseFloat and round it however you like. Here I use floor.
var floor = Math.floor;
var x = floor(parseFloat("1000.01"));
round()
Interestingly, Math.round (like Math.floor) will do a string to number conversion, so if you want the number rounded (or if you have an integer in the string), this is a great way, maybe my favorite:
var round = Math.round;
var x = round("1000"); // Equivalent to round("1000", 0)
Try parseInt function:
var number = parseInt("10");
But there is a problem. If you try to convert "010" using parseInt function, it detects as octal number, and will return number 8. So, you need to specify a radix (from 2 to 36). In this case base 10.
parseInt(string, radix)
Example:
var result = parseInt("010", 10) == 10; // Returns true
var result = parseInt("010") == 10; // Returns false
Note that parseInt ignores bad data after parsing anything valid.
This guid will parse as 51:
var result = parseInt('51e3daf6-b521-446a-9f5b-a1bb4d8bac36', 10) == 51; // Returns true
There are two main ways to convert a string to a number in JavaScript. One way is to parse it and the other way is to change its type to a Number. All of the tricks in the other answers (e.g., unary plus) involve implicitly coercing the type of the string to a number. You can also do the same thing explicitly with the Number function.
Parsing
var parsed = parseInt("97", 10);
parseInt and parseFloat are the two functions used for parsing strings to numbers. Parsing will stop silently if it hits a character it doesn't recognise, which can be useful for parsing strings like "92px", but it's also somewhat dangerous, since it won't give you any kind of error on bad input, instead you'll get back NaN unless the string starts with a number. Whitespace at the beginning of the string is ignored. Here's an example of it doing something different to what you want, and giving no indication that anything went wrong:
var widgetsSold = parseInt("97,800", 10); // widgetsSold is now 97
It's good practice to always specify the radix as the second argument. In older browsers, if the string started with a 0, it would be interpreted as octal if the radix wasn't specified which took a lot of people by surprise. The behaviour for hexadecimal is triggered by having the string start with 0x if no radix is specified, e.g., 0xff. The standard actually changed with ECMAScript 5, so modern browsers no longer trigger octal when there's a leading 0 if no radix has been specified. parseInt understands radixes up to base 36, in which case both upper and lower case letters are treated as equivalent.
Changing the Type of a String to a Number
All of the other tricks mentioned above that don't use parseInt, involve implicitly coercing the string into a number. I prefer to do this explicitly,
var cast = Number("97");
This has different behavior to the parse methods (although it still ignores whitespace). It's more strict: if it doesn't understand the whole of the string than it returns NaN, so you can't use it for strings like 97px. Since you want a primitive number rather than a Number wrapper object, make sure you don't put new in front of the Number function.
Obviously, converting to a Number gives you a value that might be a float rather than an integer, so if you want an integer, you need to modify it. There are a few ways of doing this:
var rounded = Math.floor(Number("97.654")); // other options are Math.ceil, Math.round
var fixed = Number("97.654").toFixed(0); // rounded rather than truncated
var bitwised = Number("97.654")|0; // do not use for large numbers
Any bitwise operator (here I've done a bitwise or, but you could also do double negation as in an earlier answer or a bit shift) will convert the value to a 32 bit integer, and most of them will convert to a signed integer. Note that this will not do want you want for large integers. If the integer cannot be represented in 32 bits, it will wrap.
~~"3000000000.654" === -1294967296
// This is the same as
Number("3000000000.654")|0
"3000000000.654" >>> 0 === 3000000000 // unsigned right shift gives you an extra bit
"300000000000.654" >>> 0 === 3647256576 // but still fails with larger numbers
To work correctly with larger numbers, you should use the rounding methods
Math.floor("3000000000.654") === 3000000000
// This is the same as
Math.floor(Number("3000000000.654"))
Bear in mind that coercion understands exponential notation and Infinity, so 2e2 is 200 rather than NaN, while the parse methods don't.
Custom
It's unlikely that either of these methods do exactly what you want. For example, usually I would want an error thrown if parsing fails, and I don't need support for Infinity, exponentials or leading whitespace. Depending on your use case, sometimes it makes sense to write a custom conversion function.
Always check that the output of Number or one of the parse methods is the sort of number you expect. You will almost certainly want to use isNaN to make sure the number is not NaN (usually the only way you find out that the parse failed).
ParseInt() and + are different
parseInt("10.3456") // returns 10
+"10.3456" // returns 10.3456
Fastest
var x = "1000"*1;
Test
Here is little comparison of speed (macOS only)... :)
For Chrome, 'plus' and 'mul' are fastest (>700,000,00 op/sec), 'Math.floor' is slowest. For Firefox, 'plus' is slowest (!) 'mul' is fastest (>900,000,000 op/sec). In Safari 'parseInt' is fastest, 'number' is slowest (but results are quite similar, >13,000,000 <31,000,000). So Safari for cast string to int is more than 10x slower than other browsers. So the winner is 'mul' :)
You can run it on your browser by this link
https://jsperf.com/js-cast-str-to-number/1
I also tested var x = ~~"1000";. On Chrome and Safari, it is a little bit slower than var x = "1000"*1 (<1%), and on Firefox it is a little bit faster (<1%).
I use this way of converting string to number:
var str = "25"; // String
var number = str*1; // Number
So, when multiplying by 1, the value does not change, but JavaScript automatically returns a number.
But as it is shown below, this should be used if you are sure that the str is a number (or can be represented as a number), otherwise it will return NaN - not a number.
You can create simple function to use, e.g.,
function toNumber(str) {
return str*1;
}
Try parseInt.
var number = parseInt("10", 10); //number will have value of 10.
I love this trick:
~~"2.123"; //2
~~"5"; //5
The double bitwise negative drops off anything after the decimal point AND converts it to a number format. I've been told it's slightly faster than calling functions and whatnot, but I'm not entirely convinced.
Another method I just saw here (a question about the JavaScript >>> operator, which is a zero-fill right shift) which shows that shifting a number by 0 with this operator converts the number to a uint32 which is nice if you also want it unsigned. Again, this converts to an unsigned integer, which can lead to strange behaviors if you use a signed number.
"-2.123" >>> 0; // 4294967294
"2.123" >>> 0; // 2
"-5" >>> 0; // 4294967291
"5" >>> 0; // 5
In JavaScript, you can do the following:
ParseInt
parseInt("10.5") // Returns 10
Multiplying with 1
var s = "10";
s = s*1; // Returns 10
Using the unary operator (+)
var s = "10";
s = +s; // Returns 10
Using a bitwise operator
(Note: It starts to break after 2140000000. Example: ~~"2150000000" = -2144967296)
var s = "10.5";
s = ~~s; // Returns 10
Using Math.floor() or Math.ceil()
var s = "10";
s = Math.floor(s) || Math.ceil(s); // Returns 10
Please see the below example. It will help answer your question.
Example Result
parseInt("4") 4
parseInt("5aaa") 5
parseInt("4.33333") 4
parseInt("aaa"); NaN (means "Not a Number")
By using parseint function, it will only give op of integer present and not the string.
Beware if you use parseInt to convert a float in scientific notation!
For example:
parseInt("5.6e-14")
will result in
5
instead of
0
Also as a side note: MooTools has the function toInt() which is used on any native string (or float (or integer)).
"2".toInt() // 2
"2px".toInt() // 2
2.toInt() // 2
We can use +(stringOfNumber) instead of using parseInt(stringOfNumber).
Example: +("21") returns int of 21, like the parseInt("21").
We can use this unary "+" operator for parsing float too...
To convert a String into Integer, I recommend using parseFloat and not parseInt. Here's why:
Using parseFloat:
parseFloat('2.34cms') //Output: 2.34
parseFloat('12.5') //Output: 12.5
parseFloat('012.3') //Output: 12.3
Using parseInt:
parseInt('2.34cms') //Output: 2
parseInt('12.5') //Output: 12
parseInt('012.3') //Output: 12
So if you have noticed parseInt discards the values after the decimals, whereas parseFloat lets you work with floating point numbers and hence more suitable if you want to retain the values after decimals. Use parseInt if and only if you are sure that you want the integer value.
There are many ways in JavaScript to convert a string to a number value... All are simple and handy. Choose the way which one works for you:
var num = Number("999.5"); //999.5
var num = parseInt("999.5", 10); //999
var num = parseFloat("999.5"); //999.5
var num = +"999.5"; //999.5
Also, any Math operation converts them to number, for example...
var num = "999.5" / 1; //999.5
var num = "999.5" * 1; //999.5
var num = "999.5" - 1 + 1; //999.5
var num = "999.5" - 0; //999.5
var num = Math.floor("999.5"); //999
var num = ~~"999.5"; //999
My prefer way is using + sign, which is the elegant way to convert a string to number in JavaScript.
Try str - 0 to convert string to number.
> str = '0'
> str - 0
0
> str = '123'
> str - 0
123
> str = '-12'
> str - 0
-12
> str = 'asdf'
> str - 0
NaN
> str = '12.34'
> str - 0
12.34
Here are two links to compare the performance of several ways to convert string to int
https://jsperf.com/number-vs-parseint-vs-plus
http://phrogz.net/js/string_to_number.html
Here is the easiest solution
let myNumber = "123" | 0;
More easy solution
let myNumber = +"123";
In my opinion, no answer covers all edge cases as parsing a float should result in an error.
function parseInteger(value) {
if(value === '') return NaN;
const number = Number(value);
return Number.isInteger(number) ? number : NaN;
}
parseInteger("4") // 4
parseInteger("5aaa") // NaN
parseInteger("4.33333") // NaN
parseInteger("aaa"); // NaN
The easiest way would be to use + like this
const strTen = "10"
const numTen = +strTen // string to number conversion
console.log(typeof strTen) // string
console.log(typeof numTen) // number
I actually needed to "save" a string as an integer, for a binding between C and JavaScript, so I convert the string into an integer value:
/*
Examples:
int2str( str2int("test") ) == "test" // true
int2str( str2int("t€st") ) // "t¬st", because "€".charCodeAt(0) is 8364, will be AND'ed with 0xff
Limitations:
maximum 4 characters, so it fits into an integer
*/
function str2int(the_str) {
var ret = 0;
var len = the_str.length;
if (len >= 1) ret += (the_str.charCodeAt(0) & 0xff) << 0;
if (len >= 2) ret += (the_str.charCodeAt(1) & 0xff) << 8;
if (len >= 3) ret += (the_str.charCodeAt(2) & 0xff) << 16;
if (len >= 4) ret += (the_str.charCodeAt(3) & 0xff) << 24;
return ret;
}
function int2str(the_int) {
var tmp = [
(the_int & 0x000000ff) >> 0,
(the_int & 0x0000ff00) >> 8,
(the_int & 0x00ff0000) >> 16,
(the_int & 0xff000000) >> 24
];
var ret = "";
for (var i=0; i<4; i++) {
if (tmp[i] == 0)
break;
ret += String.fromCharCode(tmp[i]);
}
return ret;
}
String to Number in JavaScript:
Unary + (most recommended)
+numStr is easy to use and has better performance compared with others
Supports both integers and decimals
console.log(+'123.45') // => 123.45
Some other options:
Parsing Strings:
parseInt(numStr) for integers
parseFloat(numStr) for both integers and decimals
console.log(parseInt('123.456')) // => 123
console.log(parseFloat('123')) // => 123
JavaScript Functions
Math functions like round(numStr), floor(numStr), ceil(numStr) for integers
Number(numStr) for both integers and decimals
console.log(Math.floor('123')) // => 123
console.log(Math.round('123.456')) // => 123
console.log(Math.ceil('123.454')) // => 124
console.log(Number('123.123')) // => 123.123
Unary Operators
All basic unary operators, +numStr, numStr-0, 1*numStr, numStr*1, and numStr/1
All support both integers and decimals
Be cautious about numStr+0. It returns a string.
console.log(+'123') // => 123
console.log('002'-0) // => 2
console.log(1*'5') // => 5
console.log('7.7'*1) // => 7.7
console.log(3.3/1) // =>3.3
console.log('123.123'+0, typeof ('123.123' + 0)) // => 123.1230 string
Bitwise Operators
Two tilde ~~numStr or left shift 0, numStr<<0
Supports only integers, but not decimals
console.log(~~'123') // => 123
console.log('0123'<<0) // => 123
console.log(~~'123.123') // => 123
console.log('123.123'<<0) // => 123
// Parsing
console.log(parseInt('123.456')) // => 123
console.log(parseFloat('123')) // => 123
// Function
console.log(Math.floor('123')) // => 123
console.log(Math.round('123.456')) // => 123
console.log(Math.ceil('123.454')) // => 124
console.log(Number('123.123')) // => 123.123
// Unary
console.log(+'123') // => 123
console.log('002'-0) // => 2
console.log(1*'5') // => 5
console.log('7.7'*1) // => 7.7
console.log(3.3/1) // => 3.3
console.log('123.123'+0, typeof ('123.123'+0)) // => 123.1230 string
// Bitwise
console.log(~~'123') // => 123
console.log('0123'<<0) // => 123
console.log(~~'123.123') // => 123
console.log('123.123'<<0) // => 123
function parseIntSmarter(str) {
// ParseInt is bad because it returns 22 for "22thisendsintext"
// Number() is returns NaN if it ends in non-numbers, but it returns 0 for empty or whitespace strings.
return isNaN(Number(str)) ? NaN : parseInt(str, 10);
}
You can use plus.
For example:
var personAge = '24';
var personAge1 = (+personAge)
then you can see the new variable's type bytypeof personAge1 ; which is number.
Summing the multiplication of digits with their respective power of ten:
i.e: 123 = 100+20+3 = 1100 + 2+10 + 31 = 1*(10^2) + 2*(10^1) + 3*(10^0)
function atoi(array) {
// Use exp as (length - i), other option would be
// to reverse the array.
// Multiply a[i] * 10^(exp) and sum
let sum = 0;
for (let i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
let exp = array.length - (i+1);
let value = array[i] * Math.pow(10, exp);
sum += value;
}
return sum;
}
The safest way to ensure you get a valid integer:
let integer = (parseInt(value, 10) || 0);
Examples:
// Example 1 - Invalid value:
let value = null;
let integer = (parseInt(value, 10) || 0);
// => integer = 0
// Example 2 - Valid value:
let value = "1230.42";
let integer = (parseInt(value, 10) || 0);
// => integer = 1230
// Example 3 - Invalid value:
let value = () => { return 412 };
let integer = (parseInt(value, 10) || 0);
// => integer = 0
Another option is to double XOR the value with itself:
var i = 12.34;
console.log('i = ' + i);
console.log('i ⊕ i ⊕ i = ' + (i ^ i ^ i));
This will output:
i = 12.34
i ⊕ i ⊕ i = 12
I only added one plus(+) before string and that was solution!
+"052254" // 52254
Number()
Number(" 200.12 ") // Returns 200.12
Number("200.12") // Returns 200.12
Number("200") // Returns 200
parseInt()
parseInt(" 200.12 ") // Return 200
parseInt("200.12") // Return 200
parseInt("200") // Return 200
parseInt("Text information") // Returns NaN
parseFloat()
It will return the first number
parseFloat("200 400") // Returns 200
parseFloat("200") // Returns 200
parseFloat("Text information") // Returns NaN
parseFloat("200.10") // Return 200.10
Math.floor()
Round a number to the nearest integer
Math.floor(" 200.12 ") // Return 200
Math.floor("200.12") // Return 200
Math.floor("200") // Return 200
function doSth(){
var a = document.getElementById('input').value;
document.getElementById('number').innerHTML = toNumber(a) + 1;
}
function toNumber(str){
return +str;
}
<input id="input" type="text">
<input onclick="doSth()" type="submit">
<span id="number"></span>
This (probably) isn't the best solution for parsing an integer, but if you need to "extract" one, for example:
"1a2b3c" === 123
"198some text2hello world!30" === 198230
// ...
this would work (only for integers):
var str = '3a9b0c3d2e9f8g'
function extractInteger(str) {
var result = 0;
var factor = 1
for (var i = str.length; i > 0; i--) {
if (!isNaN(str[i - 1])) {
result += parseInt(str[i - 1]) * factor
factor *= 10
}
}
return result
}
console.log(extractInteger(str))
Of course, this would also work for parsing an integer, but would be slower than other methods.
You could also parse integers with this method and return NaN if the string isn't a number, but I don't see why you'd want to since this relies on parseInt internally and parseInt is probably faster.
var str = '3a9b0c3d2e9f8g'
function extractInteger(str) {
var result = 0;
var factor = 1
for (var i = str.length; i > 0; i--) {
if (isNaN(str[i - 1])) return NaN
result += parseInt(str[i - 1]) * factor
factor *= 10
}
return result
}
console.log(extractInteger(str))

The + operator in TypeScript [duplicate]

How do I convert a string to an integer in JavaScript?
The simplest way would be to use the native Number function:
var x = Number("1000")
If that doesn't work for you, then there are the parseInt, unary plus, parseFloat with floor, and Math.round methods.
parseInt()
var x = parseInt("1000", 10); // You want to use radix 10
// So you get a decimal number even with a leading 0 and an old browser ([IE8, Firefox 20, Chrome 22 and older][1])
Unary plus
If your string is already in the form of an integer:
var x = +"1000";
floor()
If your string is or might be a float and you want an integer:
var x = Math.floor("1000.01"); // floor() automatically converts string to number
Or, if you're going to be using Math.floor several times:
var floor = Math.floor;
var x = floor("1000.01");
parseFloat()
If you're the type who forgets to put the radix in when you call parseInt, you can use parseFloat and round it however you like. Here I use floor.
var floor = Math.floor;
var x = floor(parseFloat("1000.01"));
round()
Interestingly, Math.round (like Math.floor) will do a string to number conversion, so if you want the number rounded (or if you have an integer in the string), this is a great way, maybe my favorite:
var round = Math.round;
var x = round("1000"); // Equivalent to round("1000", 0)
Try parseInt function:
var number = parseInt("10");
But there is a problem. If you try to convert "010" using parseInt function, it detects as octal number, and will return number 8. So, you need to specify a radix (from 2 to 36). In this case base 10.
parseInt(string, radix)
Example:
var result = parseInt("010", 10) == 10; // Returns true
var result = parseInt("010") == 10; // Returns false
Note that parseInt ignores bad data after parsing anything valid.
This guid will parse as 51:
var result = parseInt('51e3daf6-b521-446a-9f5b-a1bb4d8bac36', 10) == 51; // Returns true
There are two main ways to convert a string to a number in JavaScript. One way is to parse it and the other way is to change its type to a Number. All of the tricks in the other answers (e.g., unary plus) involve implicitly coercing the type of the string to a number. You can also do the same thing explicitly with the Number function.
Parsing
var parsed = parseInt("97", 10);
parseInt and parseFloat are the two functions used for parsing strings to numbers. Parsing will stop silently if it hits a character it doesn't recognise, which can be useful for parsing strings like "92px", but it's also somewhat dangerous, since it won't give you any kind of error on bad input, instead you'll get back NaN unless the string starts with a number. Whitespace at the beginning of the string is ignored. Here's an example of it doing something different to what you want, and giving no indication that anything went wrong:
var widgetsSold = parseInt("97,800", 10); // widgetsSold is now 97
It's good practice to always specify the radix as the second argument. In older browsers, if the string started with a 0, it would be interpreted as octal if the radix wasn't specified which took a lot of people by surprise. The behaviour for hexadecimal is triggered by having the string start with 0x if no radix is specified, e.g., 0xff. The standard actually changed with ECMAScript 5, so modern browsers no longer trigger octal when there's a leading 0 if no radix has been specified. parseInt understands radixes up to base 36, in which case both upper and lower case letters are treated as equivalent.
Changing the Type of a String to a Number
All of the other tricks mentioned above that don't use parseInt, involve implicitly coercing the string into a number. I prefer to do this explicitly,
var cast = Number("97");
This has different behavior to the parse methods (although it still ignores whitespace). It's more strict: if it doesn't understand the whole of the string than it returns NaN, so you can't use it for strings like 97px. Since you want a primitive number rather than a Number wrapper object, make sure you don't put new in front of the Number function.
Obviously, converting to a Number gives you a value that might be a float rather than an integer, so if you want an integer, you need to modify it. There are a few ways of doing this:
var rounded = Math.floor(Number("97.654")); // other options are Math.ceil, Math.round
var fixed = Number("97.654").toFixed(0); // rounded rather than truncated
var bitwised = Number("97.654")|0; // do not use for large numbers
Any bitwise operator (here I've done a bitwise or, but you could also do double negation as in an earlier answer or a bit shift) will convert the value to a 32 bit integer, and most of them will convert to a signed integer. Note that this will not do want you want for large integers. If the integer cannot be represented in 32 bits, it will wrap.
~~"3000000000.654" === -1294967296
// This is the same as
Number("3000000000.654")|0
"3000000000.654" >>> 0 === 3000000000 // unsigned right shift gives you an extra bit
"300000000000.654" >>> 0 === 3647256576 // but still fails with larger numbers
To work correctly with larger numbers, you should use the rounding methods
Math.floor("3000000000.654") === 3000000000
// This is the same as
Math.floor(Number("3000000000.654"))
Bear in mind that coercion understands exponential notation and Infinity, so 2e2 is 200 rather than NaN, while the parse methods don't.
Custom
It's unlikely that either of these methods do exactly what you want. For example, usually I would want an error thrown if parsing fails, and I don't need support for Infinity, exponentials or leading whitespace. Depending on your use case, sometimes it makes sense to write a custom conversion function.
Always check that the output of Number or one of the parse methods is the sort of number you expect. You will almost certainly want to use isNaN to make sure the number is not NaN (usually the only way you find out that the parse failed).
ParseInt() and + are different
parseInt("10.3456") // returns 10
+"10.3456" // returns 10.3456
Fastest
var x = "1000"*1;
Test
Here is little comparison of speed (macOS only)... :)
For Chrome, 'plus' and 'mul' are fastest (>700,000,00 op/sec), 'Math.floor' is slowest. For Firefox, 'plus' is slowest (!) 'mul' is fastest (>900,000,000 op/sec). In Safari 'parseInt' is fastest, 'number' is slowest (but results are quite similar, >13,000,000 <31,000,000). So Safari for cast string to int is more than 10x slower than other browsers. So the winner is 'mul' :)
You can run it on your browser by this link
https://jsperf.com/js-cast-str-to-number/1
I also tested var x = ~~"1000";. On Chrome and Safari, it is a little bit slower than var x = "1000"*1 (<1%), and on Firefox it is a little bit faster (<1%).
I use this way of converting string to number:
var str = "25"; // String
var number = str*1; // Number
So, when multiplying by 1, the value does not change, but JavaScript automatically returns a number.
But as it is shown below, this should be used if you are sure that the str is a number (or can be represented as a number), otherwise it will return NaN - not a number.
You can create simple function to use, e.g.,
function toNumber(str) {
return str*1;
}
Try parseInt.
var number = parseInt("10", 10); //number will have value of 10.
I love this trick:
~~"2.123"; //2
~~"5"; //5
The double bitwise negative drops off anything after the decimal point AND converts it to a number format. I've been told it's slightly faster than calling functions and whatnot, but I'm not entirely convinced.
Another method I just saw here (a question about the JavaScript >>> operator, which is a zero-fill right shift) which shows that shifting a number by 0 with this operator converts the number to a uint32 which is nice if you also want it unsigned. Again, this converts to an unsigned integer, which can lead to strange behaviors if you use a signed number.
"-2.123" >>> 0; // 4294967294
"2.123" >>> 0; // 2
"-5" >>> 0; // 4294967291
"5" >>> 0; // 5
In JavaScript, you can do the following:
ParseInt
parseInt("10.5") // Returns 10
Multiplying with 1
var s = "10";
s = s*1; // Returns 10
Using the unary operator (+)
var s = "10";
s = +s; // Returns 10
Using a bitwise operator
(Note: It starts to break after 2140000000. Example: ~~"2150000000" = -2144967296)
var s = "10.5";
s = ~~s; // Returns 10
Using Math.floor() or Math.ceil()
var s = "10";
s = Math.floor(s) || Math.ceil(s); // Returns 10
Please see the below example. It will help answer your question.
Example Result
parseInt("4") 4
parseInt("5aaa") 5
parseInt("4.33333") 4
parseInt("aaa"); NaN (means "Not a Number")
By using parseint function, it will only give op of integer present and not the string.
Beware if you use parseInt to convert a float in scientific notation!
For example:
parseInt("5.6e-14")
will result in
5
instead of
0
Also as a side note: MooTools has the function toInt() which is used on any native string (or float (or integer)).
"2".toInt() // 2
"2px".toInt() // 2
2.toInt() // 2
We can use +(stringOfNumber) instead of using parseInt(stringOfNumber).
Example: +("21") returns int of 21, like the parseInt("21").
We can use this unary "+" operator for parsing float too...
To convert a String into Integer, I recommend using parseFloat and not parseInt. Here's why:
Using parseFloat:
parseFloat('2.34cms') //Output: 2.34
parseFloat('12.5') //Output: 12.5
parseFloat('012.3') //Output: 12.3
Using parseInt:
parseInt('2.34cms') //Output: 2
parseInt('12.5') //Output: 12
parseInt('012.3') //Output: 12
So if you have noticed parseInt discards the values after the decimals, whereas parseFloat lets you work with floating point numbers and hence more suitable if you want to retain the values after decimals. Use parseInt if and only if you are sure that you want the integer value.
There are many ways in JavaScript to convert a string to a number value... All are simple and handy. Choose the way which one works for you:
var num = Number("999.5"); //999.5
var num = parseInt("999.5", 10); //999
var num = parseFloat("999.5"); //999.5
var num = +"999.5"; //999.5
Also, any Math operation converts them to number, for example...
var num = "999.5" / 1; //999.5
var num = "999.5" * 1; //999.5
var num = "999.5" - 1 + 1; //999.5
var num = "999.5" - 0; //999.5
var num = Math.floor("999.5"); //999
var num = ~~"999.5"; //999
My prefer way is using + sign, which is the elegant way to convert a string to number in JavaScript.
Try str - 0 to convert string to number.
> str = '0'
> str - 0
0
> str = '123'
> str - 0
123
> str = '-12'
> str - 0
-12
> str = 'asdf'
> str - 0
NaN
> str = '12.34'
> str - 0
12.34
Here are two links to compare the performance of several ways to convert string to int
https://jsperf.com/number-vs-parseint-vs-plus
http://phrogz.net/js/string_to_number.html
Here is the easiest solution
let myNumber = "123" | 0;
More easy solution
let myNumber = +"123";
In my opinion, no answer covers all edge cases as parsing a float should result in an error.
function parseInteger(value) {
if(value === '') return NaN;
const number = Number(value);
return Number.isInteger(number) ? number : NaN;
}
parseInteger("4") // 4
parseInteger("5aaa") // NaN
parseInteger("4.33333") // NaN
parseInteger("aaa"); // NaN
The easiest way would be to use + like this
const strTen = "10"
const numTen = +strTen // string to number conversion
console.log(typeof strTen) // string
console.log(typeof numTen) // number
I actually needed to "save" a string as an integer, for a binding between C and JavaScript, so I convert the string into an integer value:
/*
Examples:
int2str( str2int("test") ) == "test" // true
int2str( str2int("t€st") ) // "t¬st", because "€".charCodeAt(0) is 8364, will be AND'ed with 0xff
Limitations:
maximum 4 characters, so it fits into an integer
*/
function str2int(the_str) {
var ret = 0;
var len = the_str.length;
if (len >= 1) ret += (the_str.charCodeAt(0) & 0xff) << 0;
if (len >= 2) ret += (the_str.charCodeAt(1) & 0xff) << 8;
if (len >= 3) ret += (the_str.charCodeAt(2) & 0xff) << 16;
if (len >= 4) ret += (the_str.charCodeAt(3) & 0xff) << 24;
return ret;
}
function int2str(the_int) {
var tmp = [
(the_int & 0x000000ff) >> 0,
(the_int & 0x0000ff00) >> 8,
(the_int & 0x00ff0000) >> 16,
(the_int & 0xff000000) >> 24
];
var ret = "";
for (var i=0; i<4; i++) {
if (tmp[i] == 0)
break;
ret += String.fromCharCode(tmp[i]);
}
return ret;
}
String to Number in JavaScript:
Unary + (most recommended)
+numStr is easy to use and has better performance compared with others
Supports both integers and decimals
console.log(+'123.45') // => 123.45
Some other options:
Parsing Strings:
parseInt(numStr) for integers
parseFloat(numStr) for both integers and decimals
console.log(parseInt('123.456')) // => 123
console.log(parseFloat('123')) // => 123
JavaScript Functions
Math functions like round(numStr), floor(numStr), ceil(numStr) for integers
Number(numStr) for both integers and decimals
console.log(Math.floor('123')) // => 123
console.log(Math.round('123.456')) // => 123
console.log(Math.ceil('123.454')) // => 124
console.log(Number('123.123')) // => 123.123
Unary Operators
All basic unary operators, +numStr, numStr-0, 1*numStr, numStr*1, and numStr/1
All support both integers and decimals
Be cautious about numStr+0. It returns a string.
console.log(+'123') // => 123
console.log('002'-0) // => 2
console.log(1*'5') // => 5
console.log('7.7'*1) // => 7.7
console.log(3.3/1) // =>3.3
console.log('123.123'+0, typeof ('123.123' + 0)) // => 123.1230 string
Bitwise Operators
Two tilde ~~numStr or left shift 0, numStr<<0
Supports only integers, but not decimals
console.log(~~'123') // => 123
console.log('0123'<<0) // => 123
console.log(~~'123.123') // => 123
console.log('123.123'<<0) // => 123
// Parsing
console.log(parseInt('123.456')) // => 123
console.log(parseFloat('123')) // => 123
// Function
console.log(Math.floor('123')) // => 123
console.log(Math.round('123.456')) // => 123
console.log(Math.ceil('123.454')) // => 124
console.log(Number('123.123')) // => 123.123
// Unary
console.log(+'123') // => 123
console.log('002'-0) // => 2
console.log(1*'5') // => 5
console.log('7.7'*1) // => 7.7
console.log(3.3/1) // => 3.3
console.log('123.123'+0, typeof ('123.123'+0)) // => 123.1230 string
// Bitwise
console.log(~~'123') // => 123
console.log('0123'<<0) // => 123
console.log(~~'123.123') // => 123
console.log('123.123'<<0) // => 123
function parseIntSmarter(str) {
// ParseInt is bad because it returns 22 for "22thisendsintext"
// Number() is returns NaN if it ends in non-numbers, but it returns 0 for empty or whitespace strings.
return isNaN(Number(str)) ? NaN : parseInt(str, 10);
}
You can use plus.
For example:
var personAge = '24';
var personAge1 = (+personAge)
then you can see the new variable's type bytypeof personAge1 ; which is number.
Summing the multiplication of digits with their respective power of ten:
i.e: 123 = 100+20+3 = 1100 + 2+10 + 31 = 1*(10^2) + 2*(10^1) + 3*(10^0)
function atoi(array) {
// Use exp as (length - i), other option would be
// to reverse the array.
// Multiply a[i] * 10^(exp) and sum
let sum = 0;
for (let i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
let exp = array.length - (i+1);
let value = array[i] * Math.pow(10, exp);
sum += value;
}
return sum;
}
The safest way to ensure you get a valid integer:
let integer = (parseInt(value, 10) || 0);
Examples:
// Example 1 - Invalid value:
let value = null;
let integer = (parseInt(value, 10) || 0);
// => integer = 0
// Example 2 - Valid value:
let value = "1230.42";
let integer = (parseInt(value, 10) || 0);
// => integer = 1230
// Example 3 - Invalid value:
let value = () => { return 412 };
let integer = (parseInt(value, 10) || 0);
// => integer = 0
Another option is to double XOR the value with itself:
var i = 12.34;
console.log('i = ' + i);
console.log('i ⊕ i ⊕ i = ' + (i ^ i ^ i));
This will output:
i = 12.34
i ⊕ i ⊕ i = 12
I only added one plus(+) before string and that was solution!
+"052254" // 52254
Number()
Number(" 200.12 ") // Returns 200.12
Number("200.12") // Returns 200.12
Number("200") // Returns 200
parseInt()
parseInt(" 200.12 ") // Return 200
parseInt("200.12") // Return 200
parseInt("200") // Return 200
parseInt("Text information") // Returns NaN
parseFloat()
It will return the first number
parseFloat("200 400") // Returns 200
parseFloat("200") // Returns 200
parseFloat("Text information") // Returns NaN
parseFloat("200.10") // Return 200.10
Math.floor()
Round a number to the nearest integer
Math.floor(" 200.12 ") // Return 200
Math.floor("200.12") // Return 200
Math.floor("200") // Return 200
function doSth(){
var a = document.getElementById('input').value;
document.getElementById('number').innerHTML = toNumber(a) + 1;
}
function toNumber(str){
return +str;
}
<input id="input" type="text">
<input onclick="doSth()" type="submit">
<span id="number"></span>
This (probably) isn't the best solution for parsing an integer, but if you need to "extract" one, for example:
"1a2b3c" === 123
"198some text2hello world!30" === 198230
// ...
this would work (only for integers):
var str = '3a9b0c3d2e9f8g'
function extractInteger(str) {
var result = 0;
var factor = 1
for (var i = str.length; i > 0; i--) {
if (!isNaN(str[i - 1])) {
result += parseInt(str[i - 1]) * factor
factor *= 10
}
}
return result
}
console.log(extractInteger(str))
Of course, this would also work for parsing an integer, but would be slower than other methods.
You could also parse integers with this method and return NaN if the string isn't a number, but I don't see why you'd want to since this relies on parseInt internally and parseInt is probably faster.
var str = '3a9b0c3d2e9f8g'
function extractInteger(str) {
var result = 0;
var factor = 1
for (var i = str.length; i > 0; i--) {
if (isNaN(str[i - 1])) return NaN
result += parseInt(str[i - 1]) * factor
factor *= 10
}
return result
}
console.log(extractInteger(str))

How do I remove the decimals from this output? [duplicate]

I have the results of a division and I wish to discard the decimal portion of the resultant number.
How can I do this?
You could use...
Math.trunc() (truncate fractional part, also see below)
Math.floor() (round down)
Math.ceil() (round up)
Math.round() (round to nearest integer)
...dependent on how you wanted to remove the decimal.
Math.trunc() isn't supported on all platforms yet (namely IE), but you could easily use a polyfill in the meantime.
Another method of truncating the fractional portion with excellent platform support is by using a bitwise operator (.e.g |0). The side-effect of using a bitwise operator on a number is it will treat its operand as a signed 32bit integer, therefore removing the fractional component. Keep in mind this will also mangle numbers larger than 32 bits.
You may also be talking about the inaccuracy of decimal rounding with floating point arithmetic.
Required Reading - What Every Computer Scientist Should Know About Floating-Point Arithmetic.
You can also use bitwise operators to truncate the decimal.
e.g.
var x = 9 / 2;
console.log(x); // 4.5
x = ~~x;
console.log(x); // 4
x = -3.7
console.log(~~x) // -3
console.log(x | 0) // -3
console.log(x << 0) // -3
Bitwise operations are considerably more efficient than the Math functions. The double not bitwise operator also seems to slightly outperform the x | 0 and x << 0 bitwise operations by a negligible amount.
// 952 milliseconds
for (var i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {
(i * 0.5) | 0;
}
// 1150 milliseconds
for (var i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {
(i * 0.5) << 0;
}
// 1284 milliseconds
for (var i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {
Math.trunc(i * 0.5);
}
// 939 milliseconds
for (var i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {
~~(i * 0.5);
}
Also worth noting is that the bitwise not operator takes precedence over arithmetic operations, so you may need to surround calculations with parentheses to have the intended result:
x = -3.7
console.log(~~x * 2) // -6
console.log(x * 2 | 0) // -7
console.log(x * 2 << 0) // -7
console.log(~~(x * 2)) // -7
console.log(x * 2 | 0) // -7
console.log(x * 2 << 0) // -7
More info about the double bitwise not operator can be found at Double bitwise NOT (~~)
For Example:
var x = 9.656;
x.toFixed(0); // returns 10
x.toFixed(2); // returns 9.66
x.toFixed(4); // returns 9.6560
x.toFixed(6); // returns 9.656000
or
parseInt("10"); // returns 10
parseInt("10.33"); // returns 10
parseInt("10 20 30"); // returns 10
parseInt("10 years"); // returns 10
parseInt("years 10"); // returns NaN
You could also do
parseInt(a/b)
u can also show a certain number of digit after decimal point(here 2 digits) using following code :
var num = (15.46974).toFixed(2)
console.log(num) // 15.47
console.log(typeof num) // string
Use Math.round() function.
Math.round(65.98) // will return 66
Math.round(65.28) // will return 65
Use Math.round().
(Alex's answer is better; I made an assumption :)
With ES2015, Math.trunc() is available.
Math.trunc(2.3) // 2
Math.trunc(-2.3) // -2
Math.trunc(22222222222222222222222.3) // 2.2222222222222223e+22
Math.trunc("2.3") // 2
Math.trunc("two") // NaN
Math.trunc(NaN) // NaN
It's not supported in IE11 or below, but does work in Edge and every other modern browser.
Here is the compressive in detailed explanation with the help of above posts:
1. Math.trunc() : It is used to remove those digits which are followed by dot. It converts implicitly. But, not supported in IE.
Example:
Math.trunc(10.5) // 10
Math.trunc(-10.5) // -10
Other Alternative way: Use of bitwise not operator:
Example:
x= 5.5
~~x // 5
2. Math.floor() : It is used to give the minimum integer value posiible. It is supported in all browsers.
Example:
Math.floor(10.5) // 10
Math.floor( -10.5) // -11
3. Math.ceil() : It is used to give the highest integer value possible. It is supported in all browsers.
Example:
Math.ceil(10.5) // 11
Math.ceil(-10.5) // -10
4. Math.round() : It is rounded to the nearest integer. It is supported in all browsers.
Example:
Math.round(10.5) // 11
Math.round(-10.5)// -10
Math.round(10.49) // 10
Math.round(-10.51) // -11
Math.trunc() and ~~ remove decimal part without any influence to integer part.
For example:
console.log(Math.trunc(3.9)) // 3
console.log(~~(3.9)) // 3
You can use .toFixed(0) to remove complete decimal part or provide the number in arguments upto which you want decimal to be truncated.
Note: toFixed will convert the number to string.
toFixed will behave like round.
For a floor like behavior use %:
var num = 3.834234;
var floored_num = num - (num % 1); // floored_num will be 3
If you don't care about rouding, just convert the number to a string, then remove everything after the period including the period. This works whether there is a decimal or not.
const sEpoch = ((+new Date()) / 1000).toString();
const formattedEpoch = sEpoch.split('.')[0];
This is for those who want to prevent users to enter decimal numbers
<input id="myInput" onkeyup="doSomething()" type="number" />
<script>
function doSomething() {
var intNum = $('#myInput').val();
if (!Number.isInteger(intNum)) {
intNum = Math.round(intNum);
}
console.log(intNum);
}
</script>
For an ES6 implementation, use something like the following:
const millisToMinutesAndSeconds = (millis) => {
const minutes = Math.floor(millis / 60000);
const seconds = ((millis % 60000) / 1000).toFixed(0);
return `${minutes}:${seconds < 10 ? '0' : ''}${seconds}`;
}
In this examples I use Number.toFixed and Math.trunc methods:
const num = 1.234
Number(num.toFixed(0)); // Returns 1
Number(num.toFixed(2)); // Returns 1.23
Math.trunc(num); // Returns 1
The toFixed() method formats a number using fixed-point notation.
The Math.trunc() static method returns the integer part of a number by removing any fractional digits.

Preserve leading 0 when number is one digit

I am working with parseInt() function in JavaScript and need to apply logic as if given number is less than 10 then add 0 before number.
So, if given number is 9 then print it as 09. What i apply is:
if (no < 10) {
no = "0" + no;
}
and the apply parseInt() method on it but every time leading zero is flash-out.
In javascript, an integer (Number) cannot have a leading zero. If you want a leading zero, you should present it as a string.
parseInt('01', 10); // 1
parseFloat('01'); // 1
parseInt(01, 10); // 1
A useful function for adding padding to a number converted to a string. Feel free to put this in your own utils or other helper-toolbelt. Happy padding!
/**
* Add padding (leading zero's) to integer, based on minimum length
* #param {Number} integer
* #param {Number} minimal length of returned string
* #return {String} padded string
*/
function addPadding(integer, length){
var integerString = integer + '';
while (integerString.length < length) {
integerString = '0' + integerString;
}
return integerString;
}
// Output examples
addPadding(15, 3); // 015
addPadding(4, 2); // 04
addPadding(123, 2); // 123
addPadding(123, 5); // 00123
You'll have to convert it to a string since numbers don't make sense with leading zeros.
So you must print the number as:
if (no < 10) {
console.log("0" + no);
}
If no = 8, then result is "08"
First, always use a base of 10 with parseInt().
Second, use console.log() to see what you get:
no = parseInt(user_input, 10); // base 10
console.log(typeof no);
if (no < 10) {
no = "0" + no;
}
console.log(typeof no);
This should give you in the console output:
number
string
A leading 0 in the input may get in the way as it is an octal representation and 8 or 9 are not a valid numerals. The output cannot have a leading 0 as a number and as such, must be kept as a string.
The last point is not a problem if you correctly separate the actual number from the numeral in your code:
no_to_compute = 8; // is a number type
no_to_display = "0" + no; // ia a string type:
// representation of the number (numeral)

replacing string number with actual number itself [duplicate]

How do I convert a string to an integer in JavaScript?
The simplest way would be to use the native Number function:
var x = Number("1000")
If that doesn't work for you, then there are the parseInt, unary plus, parseFloat with floor, and Math.round methods.
parseInt()
var x = parseInt("1000", 10); // You want to use radix 10
// So you get a decimal number even with a leading 0 and an old browser ([IE8, Firefox 20, Chrome 22 and older][1])
Unary plus
If your string is already in the form of an integer:
var x = +"1000";
floor()
If your string is or might be a float and you want an integer:
var x = Math.floor("1000.01"); // floor() automatically converts string to number
Or, if you're going to be using Math.floor several times:
var floor = Math.floor;
var x = floor("1000.01");
parseFloat()
If you're the type who forgets to put the radix in when you call parseInt, you can use parseFloat and round it however you like. Here I use floor.
var floor = Math.floor;
var x = floor(parseFloat("1000.01"));
round()
Interestingly, Math.round (like Math.floor) will do a string to number conversion, so if you want the number rounded (or if you have an integer in the string), this is a great way, maybe my favorite:
var round = Math.round;
var x = round("1000"); // Equivalent to round("1000", 0)
Try parseInt function:
var number = parseInt("10");
But there is a problem. If you try to convert "010" using parseInt function, it detects as octal number, and will return number 8. So, you need to specify a radix (from 2 to 36). In this case base 10.
parseInt(string, radix)
Example:
var result = parseInt("010", 10) == 10; // Returns true
var result = parseInt("010") == 10; // Returns false
Note that parseInt ignores bad data after parsing anything valid.
This guid will parse as 51:
var result = parseInt('51e3daf6-b521-446a-9f5b-a1bb4d8bac36', 10) == 51; // Returns true
There are two main ways to convert a string to a number in JavaScript. One way is to parse it and the other way is to change its type to a Number. All of the tricks in the other answers (e.g., unary plus) involve implicitly coercing the type of the string to a number. You can also do the same thing explicitly with the Number function.
Parsing
var parsed = parseInt("97", 10);
parseInt and parseFloat are the two functions used for parsing strings to numbers. Parsing will stop silently if it hits a character it doesn't recognise, which can be useful for parsing strings like "92px", but it's also somewhat dangerous, since it won't give you any kind of error on bad input, instead you'll get back NaN unless the string starts with a number. Whitespace at the beginning of the string is ignored. Here's an example of it doing something different to what you want, and giving no indication that anything went wrong:
var widgetsSold = parseInt("97,800", 10); // widgetsSold is now 97
It's good practice to always specify the radix as the second argument. In older browsers, if the string started with a 0, it would be interpreted as octal if the radix wasn't specified which took a lot of people by surprise. The behaviour for hexadecimal is triggered by having the string start with 0x if no radix is specified, e.g., 0xff. The standard actually changed with ECMAScript 5, so modern browsers no longer trigger octal when there's a leading 0 if no radix has been specified. parseInt understands radixes up to base 36, in which case both upper and lower case letters are treated as equivalent.
Changing the Type of a String to a Number
All of the other tricks mentioned above that don't use parseInt, involve implicitly coercing the string into a number. I prefer to do this explicitly,
var cast = Number("97");
This has different behavior to the parse methods (although it still ignores whitespace). It's more strict: if it doesn't understand the whole of the string than it returns NaN, so you can't use it for strings like 97px. Since you want a primitive number rather than a Number wrapper object, make sure you don't put new in front of the Number function.
Obviously, converting to a Number gives you a value that might be a float rather than an integer, so if you want an integer, you need to modify it. There are a few ways of doing this:
var rounded = Math.floor(Number("97.654")); // other options are Math.ceil, Math.round
var fixed = Number("97.654").toFixed(0); // rounded rather than truncated
var bitwised = Number("97.654")|0; // do not use for large numbers
Any bitwise operator (here I've done a bitwise or, but you could also do double negation as in an earlier answer or a bit shift) will convert the value to a 32 bit integer, and most of them will convert to a signed integer. Note that this will not do want you want for large integers. If the integer cannot be represented in 32 bits, it will wrap.
~~"3000000000.654" === -1294967296
// This is the same as
Number("3000000000.654")|0
"3000000000.654" >>> 0 === 3000000000 // unsigned right shift gives you an extra bit
"300000000000.654" >>> 0 === 3647256576 // but still fails with larger numbers
To work correctly with larger numbers, you should use the rounding methods
Math.floor("3000000000.654") === 3000000000
// This is the same as
Math.floor(Number("3000000000.654"))
Bear in mind that coercion understands exponential notation and Infinity, so 2e2 is 200 rather than NaN, while the parse methods don't.
Custom
It's unlikely that either of these methods do exactly what you want. For example, usually I would want an error thrown if parsing fails, and I don't need support for Infinity, exponentials or leading whitespace. Depending on your use case, sometimes it makes sense to write a custom conversion function.
Always check that the output of Number or one of the parse methods is the sort of number you expect. You will almost certainly want to use isNaN to make sure the number is not NaN (usually the only way you find out that the parse failed).
ParseInt() and + are different
parseInt("10.3456") // returns 10
+"10.3456" // returns 10.3456
Fastest
var x = "1000"*1;
Test
Here is little comparison of speed (macOS only)... :)
For Chrome, 'plus' and 'mul' are fastest (>700,000,00 op/sec), 'Math.floor' is slowest. For Firefox, 'plus' is slowest (!) 'mul' is fastest (>900,000,000 op/sec). In Safari 'parseInt' is fastest, 'number' is slowest (but results are quite similar, >13,000,000 <31,000,000). So Safari for cast string to int is more than 10x slower than other browsers. So the winner is 'mul' :)
You can run it on your browser by this link
https://jsperf.com/js-cast-str-to-number/1
I also tested var x = ~~"1000";. On Chrome and Safari, it is a little bit slower than var x = "1000"*1 (<1%), and on Firefox it is a little bit faster (<1%).
I use this way of converting string to number:
var str = "25"; // String
var number = str*1; // Number
So, when multiplying by 1, the value does not change, but JavaScript automatically returns a number.
But as it is shown below, this should be used if you are sure that the str is a number (or can be represented as a number), otherwise it will return NaN - not a number.
You can create simple function to use, e.g.,
function toNumber(str) {
return str*1;
}
Try parseInt.
var number = parseInt("10", 10); //number will have value of 10.
I love this trick:
~~"2.123"; //2
~~"5"; //5
The double bitwise negative drops off anything after the decimal point AND converts it to a number format. I've been told it's slightly faster than calling functions and whatnot, but I'm not entirely convinced.
Another method I just saw here (a question about the JavaScript >>> operator, which is a zero-fill right shift) which shows that shifting a number by 0 with this operator converts the number to a uint32 which is nice if you also want it unsigned. Again, this converts to an unsigned integer, which can lead to strange behaviors if you use a signed number.
"-2.123" >>> 0; // 4294967294
"2.123" >>> 0; // 2
"-5" >>> 0; // 4294967291
"5" >>> 0; // 5
In JavaScript, you can do the following:
ParseInt
parseInt("10.5") // Returns 10
Multiplying with 1
var s = "10";
s = s*1; // Returns 10
Using the unary operator (+)
var s = "10";
s = +s; // Returns 10
Using a bitwise operator
(Note: It starts to break after 2140000000. Example: ~~"2150000000" = -2144967296)
var s = "10.5";
s = ~~s; // Returns 10
Using Math.floor() or Math.ceil()
var s = "10";
s = Math.floor(s) || Math.ceil(s); // Returns 10
Please see the below example. It will help answer your question.
Example Result
parseInt("4") 4
parseInt("5aaa") 5
parseInt("4.33333") 4
parseInt("aaa"); NaN (means "Not a Number")
By using parseint function, it will only give op of integer present and not the string.
Beware if you use parseInt to convert a float in scientific notation!
For example:
parseInt("5.6e-14")
will result in
5
instead of
0
Also as a side note: MooTools has the function toInt() which is used on any native string (or float (or integer)).
"2".toInt() // 2
"2px".toInt() // 2
2.toInt() // 2
We can use +(stringOfNumber) instead of using parseInt(stringOfNumber).
Example: +("21") returns int of 21, like the parseInt("21").
We can use this unary "+" operator for parsing float too...
To convert a String into Integer, I recommend using parseFloat and not parseInt. Here's why:
Using parseFloat:
parseFloat('2.34cms') //Output: 2.34
parseFloat('12.5') //Output: 12.5
parseFloat('012.3') //Output: 12.3
Using parseInt:
parseInt('2.34cms') //Output: 2
parseInt('12.5') //Output: 12
parseInt('012.3') //Output: 12
So if you have noticed parseInt discards the values after the decimals, whereas parseFloat lets you work with floating point numbers and hence more suitable if you want to retain the values after decimals. Use parseInt if and only if you are sure that you want the integer value.
There are many ways in JavaScript to convert a string to a number value... All are simple and handy. Choose the way which one works for you:
var num = Number("999.5"); //999.5
var num = parseInt("999.5", 10); //999
var num = parseFloat("999.5"); //999.5
var num = +"999.5"; //999.5
Also, any Math operation converts them to number, for example...
var num = "999.5" / 1; //999.5
var num = "999.5" * 1; //999.5
var num = "999.5" - 1 + 1; //999.5
var num = "999.5" - 0; //999.5
var num = Math.floor("999.5"); //999
var num = ~~"999.5"; //999
My prefer way is using + sign, which is the elegant way to convert a string to number in JavaScript.
Try str - 0 to convert string to number.
> str = '0'
> str - 0
0
> str = '123'
> str - 0
123
> str = '-12'
> str - 0
-12
> str = 'asdf'
> str - 0
NaN
> str = '12.34'
> str - 0
12.34
Here are two links to compare the performance of several ways to convert string to int
https://jsperf.com/number-vs-parseint-vs-plus
http://phrogz.net/js/string_to_number.html
Here is the easiest solution
let myNumber = "123" | 0;
More easy solution
let myNumber = +"123";
In my opinion, no answer covers all edge cases as parsing a float should result in an error.
function parseInteger(value) {
if(value === '') return NaN;
const number = Number(value);
return Number.isInteger(number) ? number : NaN;
}
parseInteger("4") // 4
parseInteger("5aaa") // NaN
parseInteger("4.33333") // NaN
parseInteger("aaa"); // NaN
The easiest way would be to use + like this
const strTen = "10"
const numTen = +strTen // string to number conversion
console.log(typeof strTen) // string
console.log(typeof numTen) // number
I actually needed to "save" a string as an integer, for a binding between C and JavaScript, so I convert the string into an integer value:
/*
Examples:
int2str( str2int("test") ) == "test" // true
int2str( str2int("t€st") ) // "t¬st", because "€".charCodeAt(0) is 8364, will be AND'ed with 0xff
Limitations:
maximum 4 characters, so it fits into an integer
*/
function str2int(the_str) {
var ret = 0;
var len = the_str.length;
if (len >= 1) ret += (the_str.charCodeAt(0) & 0xff) << 0;
if (len >= 2) ret += (the_str.charCodeAt(1) & 0xff) << 8;
if (len >= 3) ret += (the_str.charCodeAt(2) & 0xff) << 16;
if (len >= 4) ret += (the_str.charCodeAt(3) & 0xff) << 24;
return ret;
}
function int2str(the_int) {
var tmp = [
(the_int & 0x000000ff) >> 0,
(the_int & 0x0000ff00) >> 8,
(the_int & 0x00ff0000) >> 16,
(the_int & 0xff000000) >> 24
];
var ret = "";
for (var i=0; i<4; i++) {
if (tmp[i] == 0)
break;
ret += String.fromCharCode(tmp[i]);
}
return ret;
}
String to Number in JavaScript:
Unary + (most recommended)
+numStr is easy to use and has better performance compared with others
Supports both integers and decimals
console.log(+'123.45') // => 123.45
Some other options:
Parsing Strings:
parseInt(numStr) for integers
parseFloat(numStr) for both integers and decimals
console.log(parseInt('123.456')) // => 123
console.log(parseFloat('123')) // => 123
JavaScript Functions
Math functions like round(numStr), floor(numStr), ceil(numStr) for integers
Number(numStr) for both integers and decimals
console.log(Math.floor('123')) // => 123
console.log(Math.round('123.456')) // => 123
console.log(Math.ceil('123.454')) // => 124
console.log(Number('123.123')) // => 123.123
Unary Operators
All basic unary operators, +numStr, numStr-0, 1*numStr, numStr*1, and numStr/1
All support both integers and decimals
Be cautious about numStr+0. It returns a string.
console.log(+'123') // => 123
console.log('002'-0) // => 2
console.log(1*'5') // => 5
console.log('7.7'*1) // => 7.7
console.log(3.3/1) // =>3.3
console.log('123.123'+0, typeof ('123.123' + 0)) // => 123.1230 string
Bitwise Operators
Two tilde ~~numStr or left shift 0, numStr<<0
Supports only integers, but not decimals
console.log(~~'123') // => 123
console.log('0123'<<0) // => 123
console.log(~~'123.123') // => 123
console.log('123.123'<<0) // => 123
// Parsing
console.log(parseInt('123.456')) // => 123
console.log(parseFloat('123')) // => 123
// Function
console.log(Math.floor('123')) // => 123
console.log(Math.round('123.456')) // => 123
console.log(Math.ceil('123.454')) // => 124
console.log(Number('123.123')) // => 123.123
// Unary
console.log(+'123') // => 123
console.log('002'-0) // => 2
console.log(1*'5') // => 5
console.log('7.7'*1) // => 7.7
console.log(3.3/1) // => 3.3
console.log('123.123'+0, typeof ('123.123'+0)) // => 123.1230 string
// Bitwise
console.log(~~'123') // => 123
console.log('0123'<<0) // => 123
console.log(~~'123.123') // => 123
console.log('123.123'<<0) // => 123
function parseIntSmarter(str) {
// ParseInt is bad because it returns 22 for "22thisendsintext"
// Number() is returns NaN if it ends in non-numbers, but it returns 0 for empty or whitespace strings.
return isNaN(Number(str)) ? NaN : parseInt(str, 10);
}
You can use plus.
For example:
var personAge = '24';
var personAge1 = (+personAge)
then you can see the new variable's type bytypeof personAge1 ; which is number.
Summing the multiplication of digits with their respective power of ten:
i.e: 123 = 100+20+3 = 1100 + 2+10 + 31 = 1*(10^2) + 2*(10^1) + 3*(10^0)
function atoi(array) {
// Use exp as (length - i), other option would be
// to reverse the array.
// Multiply a[i] * 10^(exp) and sum
let sum = 0;
for (let i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
let exp = array.length - (i+1);
let value = array[i] * Math.pow(10, exp);
sum += value;
}
return sum;
}
The safest way to ensure you get a valid integer:
let integer = (parseInt(value, 10) || 0);
Examples:
// Example 1 - Invalid value:
let value = null;
let integer = (parseInt(value, 10) || 0);
// => integer = 0
// Example 2 - Valid value:
let value = "1230.42";
let integer = (parseInt(value, 10) || 0);
// => integer = 1230
// Example 3 - Invalid value:
let value = () => { return 412 };
let integer = (parseInt(value, 10) || 0);
// => integer = 0
Another option is to double XOR the value with itself:
var i = 12.34;
console.log('i = ' + i);
console.log('i ⊕ i ⊕ i = ' + (i ^ i ^ i));
This will output:
i = 12.34
i ⊕ i ⊕ i = 12
I only added one plus(+) before string and that was solution!
+"052254" // 52254
Number()
Number(" 200.12 ") // Returns 200.12
Number("200.12") // Returns 200.12
Number("200") // Returns 200
parseInt()
parseInt(" 200.12 ") // Return 200
parseInt("200.12") // Return 200
parseInt("200") // Return 200
parseInt("Text information") // Returns NaN
parseFloat()
It will return the first number
parseFloat("200 400") // Returns 200
parseFloat("200") // Returns 200
parseFloat("Text information") // Returns NaN
parseFloat("200.10") // Return 200.10
Math.floor()
Round a number to the nearest integer
Math.floor(" 200.12 ") // Return 200
Math.floor("200.12") // Return 200
Math.floor("200") // Return 200
function doSth(){
var a = document.getElementById('input').value;
document.getElementById('number').innerHTML = toNumber(a) + 1;
}
function toNumber(str){
return +str;
}
<input id="input" type="text">
<input onclick="doSth()" type="submit">
<span id="number"></span>
This (probably) isn't the best solution for parsing an integer, but if you need to "extract" one, for example:
"1a2b3c" === 123
"198some text2hello world!30" === 198230
// ...
this would work (only for integers):
var str = '3a9b0c3d2e9f8g'
function extractInteger(str) {
var result = 0;
var factor = 1
for (var i = str.length; i > 0; i--) {
if (!isNaN(str[i - 1])) {
result += parseInt(str[i - 1]) * factor
factor *= 10
}
}
return result
}
console.log(extractInteger(str))
Of course, this would also work for parsing an integer, but would be slower than other methods.
You could also parse integers with this method and return NaN if the string isn't a number, but I don't see why you'd want to since this relies on parseInt internally and parseInt is probably faster.
var str = '3a9b0c3d2e9f8g'
function extractInteger(str) {
var result = 0;
var factor = 1
for (var i = str.length; i > 0; i--) {
if (isNaN(str[i - 1])) return NaN
result += parseInt(str[i - 1]) * factor
factor *= 10
}
return result
}
console.log(extractInteger(str))

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