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Backbone.js and Require.js

I want to create Backbone.js app with Require.js.
But I have an error in console: Uncaught Error: Module name "underscore" has not been loaded yet for context: _. Use require([])
require.config({
baseUrl: 'js/',
paths : {
'jquery' : 'jquery',
'underscore' : 'underscore',
'backbone' : 'backbone',
shim: {
'underscore': {
exports: '_'
},
'backbone': {
deps: ['underscore', 'jquery'],
exports: 'Backbone'
}
}
}
});
define('app', ['jquery','backbone', 'underscore'], function ($, Backbone, _){
var Model = Backbone.model.extend({});
var model = new Model;
});
require(['app','jquery', 'backbone', 'underscore']);
How I can resolve this problem?

You still need to list underscore as a part of paths so you can refer to it in the shims. Also, not sure what your directory structure looks like, but I'm writing this with the assumption that library code is in the /js/libs directory). Finally, note you won't need to require any of the dependencies of app -- the joy of RequireJS is that it'll figure out what to load.
So...
require.config({
baseUrl: 'js/',
paths : {
'jquery' : 'lib/jquery',
'underscore' : 'lib/underscore',
'backbone' : 'lib/backbone',
},
shim: {
'underscore': {
exports: '_'
},
'backbone': {
deps: ['underscore', 'jquery'],
exports: 'Backbone'
}
}
});
define('app', ['jquery','backbone', 'underscore'], function ($, Backbone, _){
var Model = Backbone.Model.extend({});
var model = new Model({
foo: 'bar'
});
var app = {
model: model
};
// ...
return app;
});
require(['app'], function(App) {
App.model.get('foo'); // <<=== returns 'bar'
});

The shim is mentioned inside the paths object. I am not sure if that is the problem, but wanted to mention that here.

You need Underscore.js as listed in your require statement.

require.js Uncaught TypeError: Property '$' of object #<Object> is not a function

I'm trying to use require.js for the first time, however I'm getting the error:
Uncaught TypeError: Property '$' of object # is not a function.
require.config({
shim: {
"jquery": {
exports: '$'
},
underscore: {
exports: '_'
},
backbone: {
deps: ['underscore', 'jquery'],
exports: 'Backbone'
}
},
paths: {
jquery: '//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.0.3/jquery.min',
underscore: '//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/underscore.js/1.5.2/underscore-min',
backbone: '//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/backbone.js/1.1.0/backbone-min',
templates: '/referralgenie/templates/'
}
});
require([
'app'
], function(App){
App.initialize();
});
It states the error is in backbone.js so I'm finding it hard to debug.
The error comes from the line here:
Backbone.history.start();
In my Router file:
// Filename: router.js
define([
'jquery',
'underscore',
'backbone',
'views/CampaginView',
'views/RewardView',
'views/FriendRewardView',
'views/ParticipantView'
], function($, _, Backbone, CampaginView, RewardView, FriendRewardView, ParticipantView) {
var AppRouter = Backbone.Router.extend({
routes: {
':id': 'portal-home' // matches http://example.com/#anything-here
}
});
var initialize = function(){
var app_router = new AppRouter;
app_router.on('route:portal-home',function(id) {
var campaignView = new CampaginView();
campaignView.render({id: id});
});
Backbone.history.start();
};
return {
initialize: initialize
};
});

This is a hunch based on this SO question/answer and based on reading the code of Backbone.js.
I think Backbone is having trouble finding jQuery so you'll have to set it yourself. Try to do it by using a shim with an init function for Backbone:
backbone: {
deps: ['underscore', 'jquery'],
exports: 'Backbone',
init: function (_, $) { Backbone.$ = $; return Backbone; }
}

What is wrong with my requirejs setup?

My requirejs config file looks correct to me. But when I get into my function to fire up my application, I only have access to jQuery. Could someone look at my config file and tell me what I am doing wrong? Why can't I see Backbone or Underscore and why can I see jQuery? Here is my config file:
require.config({
paths: {
jquery: "libs/jquery/jquery",
underscore: 'libs/underscore/underscore',
backbone: "libs/backbone/backbone"
},
shims: {
backbone: {
deps: [
'underscore',
'jquery'
],
exports: 'Backbone'
},
underscore: {
exports: '_'
}
}
});
require(['jquery', 'underscore', 'backbone'], function($, _, Backbone) {
'use strict';
debugger;
});
Thanks for the help.

I think you have shims instead of shim in singular, changing it should fix your issue.
shim: {
underscore: {
exports: '_'
},
backbone: {
deps: [
'underscore',
'jquery'
],
exports: 'Backbone'
}
}

The versions of underscore and backbone you are using are not AMD compliant, so they don't return in the way require.js needs them to. You can just leave them off of your function params and they will be available on the global scope. Otherwise, you are passing undefined into your function as the value of _ and Backbone.
require(['jquery', 'underscore', 'backbone'], function() {
console.log($);
console.log(_);
console.log(Backbone);
});

How to mixin Underscore plugins in RequireJS?

What is the right way to execute code on Underscore when it gets loaded? I am trying to execute the below code to extend the _ exported namespace automatically when modules require it:
_.mixin(_.str.exports());
The docs are a bit vague but I think I put it in the shim init section? I tried the below but I can't even get a breakpoint to hit in the init:
require.config({
paths: {
jquery: 'libs/jquery/jquery.min',
underscore: 'libs/underscore/lodash.min',
underscorestring: 'libs/underscore/underscore.string.min'
},
shim: {
underscore: {
exports: '_'
}
underscorestring: {
deps: ['underscore'],
init: function (_) {
//Mixin plugin to namespace
_.mixin(_.str.exports());
return _;
}
}
}
});
When I try to do this and use underscorestring, I get this error:
Uncaught TypeError: Object function s(e){return new o(e)} has no
method 'startsWith'
Docs:
http://requirejs.org/docs/api.html#config-shim
http://requirejs.org/docs/api.html#config-callback

I don't know if it's the correct way, but I got it working by inverting things so that underscore depends on underscore.string. Also, this way you don't have to require underscore.string.
require.config({
shim: {
'backbone': {
deps: ['underscore', 'jquery'],
exports: 'Backbone'
},
'underscore': {
deps: ['underscore.string'],
exports: '_',
init: function(UnderscoreString) {
_.mixin(UnderscoreString);
}
}
},
paths: {
'backbone' : 'lib/backbone',
'jquery' : 'lib/jquery/jquery',
'text' : 'lib/require/text',
'underscore' : 'lib/underscore',
'underscore.string' : 'lib/underscore.string'
}
});
.
Update: 3/14/2014
Underscore.js v1.6.0 brought back AMD compatibility and init() has been removed from RequireJS, so some refactoring is in order. To continue getting Underscore preloaded with Underscore.string I made a mixer module to pull them together.
New Require.js config
requirejs.config({
paths: {
'backbone' : '../lib/backbone/backbone',
'backbone.base' : '../lib/backbone/backbone.base',
'backbone.extensions' : '../lib/backbone/backbone.extensions',
'jquery' : '../lib/jquery/jquery',
'text' : '../lib/require/text',
'underscore' : '../lib/underscore/underscore',
'underscore.mixed' : '../lib/underscore/underscore.mixed',
'underscore.string' : '../lib/underscore/underscore.string'
},
shim: {
'backbone.base': {
deps: ['underscore.mixed', 'jquery'],
exports: 'Backbone'
},
}
});
underscore.mixed
define([
'underscore',
'underscore.string'
], function(_, _s) {
_.mixin(_s.exports());
return _;
});
The final step is to replace all instances of 'underscore' with 'underscore.mixed' in module definitions. I attempted moving Underscore into a file named underscore.base.js and making the regular underscore the mixer (like the Backbone setup) to avoid this step. Underscore, being a named module, disagreed with the plan.

Do you require underscorestring somewhere? Because if it isn't required, it won't be loaded.
I managed to get it working with almost exactly the same code you posted:
require.config({
paths: {
underscore: [
'//raw.github.com/documentcloud/underscore/master/underscore-min'
, 'lib/underscore'
]
, underscorestring: 'https://raw.github.com/epeli/underscore.string/master/dist/underscore.string.min'
}
, shim: {
underscore: { exports: '_' },
underscorestring: {
deps: ['underscore'],
init: function(_) {
_.mixin(_.str.exports());
return _; // guess, this is not needed.
}
}
}
, exclude: ['underscore']
});
require(['underscore', 'underscorestring'], function(_) {
console.log( _.chars("i'm a happy string.") );
});

Battling with this for hours before i understand what i was doing wrong
This is what i did wrong
You should not rename the file underscore.string in main.js
even though in my library i did rename the file in paths i name it back to 'underscore.string'
This is how your main.js should look like
require.config({
paths: {
underscore: 'lib/underscore',
'underscore.string' : 'lib/_string' ,
},
shim: {
underscore: {
exports: '_',
deps: [ 'jquery', 'jqueryui' ]
},
'underscore.string': {
deps: [ 'underscore' ]
},
}
....
You could then either add it as dependency with in your shim like i did for my mixin file
shim: {
mixin : {
deps: [ 'jquery', 'underscore', 'underscore.string' , 'bootstrap' ]
},
Or just define it in your different pages like
/*global define */
define([
'underscore.string'
], function ( ) {
it just work now you can access it through _.str or _.string
This is why you should do it this way and not try to name it something else
on line 663 of underscore.string.js
// Register as a named module with AMD.
if (typeof define === 'function' && define.amd)
define('underscore.string', [], function(){ return _s; });
Which means that it will only register it with AMD require JS if you are defining 'underscore.string'
For Mix in you could just with define
/*global define */
define([
'underscore',
'underscore.string'
], function ( ) {
_.mixin(_.str.exports());

Require.js Shim for loading JQuery UI and other JQuery Packages

I am trying to load JQuery-Ui with a shim, but JQueryUi keeps timing out when I try to load it even when I know the path is correct.
require.config({
paths: {
jQuery: 'libs/jquery-wrapper',
jQueryUi: 'libs/jquery-ui-min',
jQuerySelectmenu: 'libs/jquery.ui.selectmenu',
Underscore: 'libs/underscore-wrapper',
Backbone: 'libs/backbone-wrapper',
},
shim: {'Backbone': {
//These script dependencies should be loaded before loading
//backbone.js
deps: ['Underscore', 'jQuery'],
//Once loaded, use the global 'Backbone' as the
//module value.
exports: 'Backbone'
},
'jQueryUi': {
deps: ['jQuery'],
},
'jQuerySelectmenu': {
deps: ['jQuery', 'jQueryUi']
}
}
});
require([
'jQuery',
'Underscore',
'Backbone',
'jQueryUi',
'jQuerySelectmenu'
],
function(App) {
require(['order!src/app']
, function (App) {
App.initialize();
});
});

I think what damee is offering stands for older version of requireJs. Just folllow this tutorial as I did: Load jQuery UI with requireJS

Try to use this project https://github.com/jrburke/jqueryui-amd to translate your jqueryui to modularized version. Then you can simply use it:
define(['jquery', 'jqueryui/tabs'], function($){
$('#tabs').tabs();
});
With requirejs config:
requirejs.config({
paths: {
'jqueryui': '/javascript-cdn/jqueryui/' //output form jqueryui-amd
},
shim: {
'jquery': {
deps: [],
init: function(){
return $;
}
},
'jqueryui': {
deps: ['jquery']
}
}
});
I hope this helps.