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How to compile Javascript console application locally?

I am a beginner in Javascript, I decided to practice Javascript by problem solving using it, I found an online judge that accepts Javascript V8 4.8.0 code.
So, I searched online to get that version of Javascript V8 on my machine, but I couldn't find any easy way, All the pages were explaining how to build it, and it seems to be a process that I don't need to go through.
Is there an easy way to compile and run command line apps written in Javascript on my machine?
Note: I don't want to use node.js because I tried using it's I/O and
as a beginner I think it is complex in some way.
Update: I found that package manager pbox.me which provides a version of V8 JavaScript Engine and I managed to install it.
Yet another problem appeared: whenever I try to run a js file writing d8 myfile.js in command line nothing happens as if it is an empty program, knowing that I tryied to d8.exe file and it is working, and I made sure the PATH is inserted in the environment variables.
What am I doing wrong?

The easiest way to get started with JavaScript is probably to use it in a browser. You can type simple things directly into the browser's JavaScript console (check the menu); or you can embed your code in a simple HTML document.
If you want, you can even pretty easily implement the readline()/print() functions, so you can pretend to be doing stdin/stdout based I/O: just read from an array of strings, and send output to console.log (or create DOM nodes if you want to be fancy and/or learn how to generate dynamic website content by hand).
Side note: V8 4.8 is severely outdated, don't use it to execute code you haven't written yourself.

Package dart lib into single javascript file to make lib available in websites

I wrote my first library in dart. Now I want to make use of it in a website. My idea was to compile all necessary dart code of my lib and its dependencies into one javascript file that has a useful "global" API. As I understand this I would also write this API in dart and compile it altogether to javascript but I fail to see how this is done. The https://www.dartlang.org/tools/dart2js/ wasn't particular helpful to me.
To give a simplified example: The library is a generic parser controlled by a grammar. A parse-tree is build from some input file and a grammar. Think of it like:
ParseTree parse(File input, File grammar);
So in the resulting javascript I want to have this available in some form so one could write e.g.
var tree = MyParserLib.parse("path/to/input.file", "my.gramamar.file");

Usually you build your entire app at once. Building distinct parts or libraries to JS and using the output in another app is not (yet?) well supported.

Tool for showing javascript, CSS, HTML dependencies

I am relatively new to JavaScript and trying to find a way to get a good overall understanding of JavaScript projects, frameworks, etc.. For example when I look at a JavaScript based source on Github I would like a one page snapshot of the dependencies between the html, css and the various .js files requiring further js files( modules) , instead of looking at the source code tree and opening up the individual files. What I am looking for is either an object diagramming tool or something like a "file diagram".
Is there a tool out in the wild already doing this? (and ,yes I have already tried Google-ing it)
(I used to use a tool in the Windows world for tracking DLLs which is a similar concept.)

https://github.com/nodejitsu/require-analyzer gets you part of the way there.
One could also implement a file dependency analyzer if you are looking for more comprehensive html/template analysis with these two:
http://nodejs.org/docs/v0.4.8/api/fs.html#fs.readdir
http://nodejs.org/docs/v0.4.8/api/fs.html#fs.watchFile

Using Firebug you can see the files requested by each page, the server response and you can filter them by type. The HTML view lets you see the entire page including related js/css content. I don't think it's exactly what you are looking for, but I find it helpful for this sort of thing.

here are some bookmarklet code that could help (taken from https://www.squarefree.com/bookmarklets/webdevel.html
view style sheet :
javascript:s=document.getElementsByTagName('STYLE');%20ex=document.getElementsByTagName('LINK');%20d=window.open().document;%20/set%20base%20href/d.open();d.close();%20b=d.body;%20function%20trim(s){return%20s.replace(/^\s*\n/,%20'').replace(/\s*$/,%20'');%20};%20function%20iff(a,b,c){return%20b?a+b+c:'';}function%20add(h){b.appendChild(h);}%20function%20makeTag(t){return%20d.createElement(t);}%20function%20makeText(tag,text){t=makeTag(tag);t.appendChild(d.createTextNode(text));%20return%20t;}%20add(makeText('style',%20'iframe{width:100%;height:18em;border:1px%20solid;'));%20add(makeText('h3',%20d.title='Style%20sheets%20in%20'%20+%20location.href));%20for(i=0;%20i
view scripts:
javascript:s=document.getElementsByTagName('SCRIPT');%20d=window.open().document;%20/140681/d.open();d.close();%20b=d.body;%20function%20trim(s){return%20s.replace(/^\s*\n/,%20'').replace(/\s*$/,%20'');%20};%20function%20add(h){b.appendChild(h);}%20function%20makeTag(t){return%20d.createElement(t);}%20function%20makeText(tag,text){t=makeTag(tag);t.appendChild(d.createTextNode(text));%20return%20t;}%20add(makeText('style',%20'iframe{width:100%;height:18em;border:1px%20solid;'));%20add(makeText('h3',%20d.title='Scripts%20in%20'%20+%20location.href));%20for(i=0;%20i

file layout and setuptools configuration for the python bit of a multi-language library

So we're writing a full-text search framework MongoDb. MongoDB is pretty much javascript-native, so we wrote the javascript library first, and it works.
Now I'm trying to write a python framework for it, which will be partially in python, but partially use those same stored javascript functions - the javascript functions are an intrinsic part of the library. On the other hand, the javascript framework does not depend on python. since they are pretty intertwined it seems like it's worthwhile keeping them in the same repository.
I'm trying to work out a way of structuring the whole project to give the javascript and python frameworks equal status (maybe a ruby driver or whatever in the future?), but still allow the python library to install nicely.
Currently it looks like this: (simplified a little)
javascript/jstest/test1.js
javascript/mongo-fulltext/search.js
javascript/mongo-fulltext/util.js
python/docs/indext.rst
python/tests/search_test.py
python/tests/__init__.py
python/mongofulltextsearch/__init__.py
python/mongofulltextsearch/mongo_search.py
python/mongofulltextsearch/util.py
python/setup.py
I've skipped out a few files for simplicity, but you get the general idea; it' a pretty much standard python project... except that it depends critcally ona whole bunch of javascript which is stored in a sibling directory tree.
What's the preferred setup for dealing with this kind of thing when it comes to setuptools? I can work out how to use package_data etc to install data files that live inside my python project as per the setuptools docs.
The problem is if i want to use setuptools to install stuff, including the javascript files from outside the python code tree, and then also access them in a consistent way when I'm developing the python code and when it is easy_installed to someone's site.
Is that supported behaviour for setuptools? Should i be using paver or distutils2 or Distribute or something? (basic distutils is not an option; the whole reason I'm doing this is to enable requirements tracking) How should i be reading the contents of those files into python scripts?

The short answer is that none of the Python distribution tools is going to do what you want, the exact way you want it. Even if you use distutils' data_files feature, you're still going to have to have your javascript files copied into your Python project directory (i.e., somewhere under the same directory as your setup.py.)
Given that, you might as well just copy the .js files to your package (i.e. alongside mongofulltextsearch/init.py) as part of your build process, and use package_data or include_package_data=True.
(Or alternatively, you could possibly use symlinks, externals, or some such, if your revision control system supports those. I believe that when building source distributions, the Python distribution tools convert symlinks to real files. At least, you could give that a try.)

Javascript for command line utilities

Given a need to write command line utilities to do common tasks like uploading files to a remote FTP site, downloading data from a remote MySQL database etc.
Is it practical to use JavaScript for this sort of thing? I know there are JavaScript interpreters that can be run from the command line, but are there libraries for things like FTP and database access the way there are for e.g. Java? If so, what's the best place to look for them? (Google searches with JavaScript in the keywords always seem to return many pages of browser specific things.)
And is there a way to package a JavaScript program up as a standalone executable on Windows?
Update: I've decided Python is a better tool for this kind of job, but the answers to the original question are still good ones.

Standalone executable?
By the way you ask the question, I'm not sure if you are aware, but the Windows Script Host - included in Windows - allows you to run .js files from the command-line. Your javascript will not be an executable, it will remain a script, a text file. The script runs within cscript.exe, which is provided by WSH. There's no compilation required. Maybe you knew all that.
I use Javascript this way for various utilities on Windows.
I think your instinct is right on the availability of libraries. You are sort of on your own to find all those things. Although, once you find them, it's not hard to package Javascript libraries as COM components and allow re-use from anywhere. See here for an example of packaging the Google Diff/Patch/Match Javascript library in COM.
Addendum: Once a bit of code is available within COM, it can be consumed by any Javascript running on the machine. Some examples of COM objects available to Javascript scripts running in WSH:
MSXML2.XMLHTTP object - used in AJAX, but can be used for any HTTP communication. There also an object for the XSLT engine so you can do transforms from script.
Excel.Application - allows you to open up Excel spreadsheets and automate them from Javascript.
Communicator.UIAutomation - automate MS Communicator (send IM's via script)
COM objects for Google Earth.
SlowAES - an all-Javascript implementation of AES encryption.

You can use Rhino to compile Javascript into Java byte code, and get access to all Java libraries.
Or you could use JScript.net, and get access to the .net libraries. .net includes a jsc.exe that produces exe-files.
Both of these requires the respective framework to be installed to be able to run.

Node.js is by far the best environment for running non-browser JS. I've used Rhino and SpiderMonkey, and there's a pretty huge difference in everything from the basics like how errors are handled to the size of the community using the tool. Node is pitched for "server-side" JS - building server apps in JS. It's great for this. But it works equally well for building command line tools.
The NPM package manager (bundled with Node) provides a nice global directory for finding and installing packages. It works much better than other language equivalents like PECL / Pear / CPAN / etc. Several high quality tools like JSHint, The Jade templating language, and the CoffeeScript compiler are all already available through NPM/Node:
npm install -g jshint, coffee-script, jade
jshint my_code.js
jade < my.jade > my.html
For args parsing, there are packages like commander.js. I currently use a heavily extended version of Commander in my underscore-cli command-line tool.
For messing with JSON or for doing command-line JS work (similar to "perl -pe"), check out underscore-cli - It's a really powerful tool for processing JSON data, processing underscore templates, and running JS expressions from the command-line. I use it for 1001 different things that would otherwise be really annoying to accomplish.

Rhino is bundled with JDK 1.6, jrunscript.exe in the bin directory will allow you to run any Javascript you want. Since it runs under Java you get access to any Java libraries that you may have.
We use it from the command line extensively. It's very good at that.

One way is to write these utilities as AIR applications - They can be written in JavaScript and need not have a UI. They have access to the command line, and there are existing ActionScript 3 libraries that can handle FTP etc. These ActionScript APIs can be called from JS, in AIR applications. AIR applications also have access to a sqlite database.

jslibs is a good standalone JavaScript runtime that support many 3rd party open source libraries like zlib, SQLite, NSPR, libiconv, libTomCrypt, OpenGL, ...