Develop Reference

How to define a line break in extendscript for Adobe Indesign

I am using extendscript to build some invoices from downloaded plaintext emails (.txt)
At points in the file there are lines of text that look like "Order Number: 123456" and then the line ends. I have a script made from parts I found on this site that finds the end of "Order Number:" in order to get a starting position of a substring. I want to use where the return key was hit to go to the next line as the second index number to finish the substring. To do this, I have another piece of script from the helpful people of this site that makes an array out of the indexes of every instance of a character. I will then use whichever array object is a higher number than the first number for the substring.
It's a bit convoluted, but I'm not great with Javascript yet, and if there is an easier way, I don't know it.
What is the character I need to use to emulate a return key in a txt file in javascript for extendscript for indesign?
Thank you.
I have tried things like \n and \r\n and ^p both with and without quotes around them but none of those seem to show up in the array when I try them.
//Load Email as String
var b = new File("~/Desktop/Test/email.txt");
b.open('r');
var str = "";
while (!b.eof)
str += b.readln();
b.close();
var orderNumberLocation = str.search("Order Number: ") + 14;
var orderNumber = str.substring(orderNumberLocation, ARRAY NUMBER GOES HERE)
var loc = orderNumberLocation.lineNumber
function indexes(source, find) {
var result = [];
for (i = 0; i < source.length; ++i) {
// If you want to search case insensitive use
// if (source.substring(i, i + find.length).toLowerCase() == find) {
if (source.substring(i, i + find.length) == find) {
result.push(i);
}
}
alert(result)
}
indexes(str, NEW PARAGRAPH CHARACTER GOES HERE)
I want all my line breaks to show up as an array of indexes in the variable "result".
Edit: My method of importing stripped all line breaks from the document. Using the code below instead works better. Now \n works.
var file = File("~/Desktop/Test/email.txt", "utf-8");
file.open("r");
var str = file.read();
file.close();

You need to use Regular Expressions. Depending on the fields do you need to search, you'l need to tweek the regular expressions, but I can give you a point. If the fields on the email are separated by new lines, something like that will work:
var str; //your string
var fields = {}
var lookFor = /(Order Number:|Adress:).*?\n/g;
str.replace(lookFor, function(match){
var order = match.split(':');
var field = order[0].replace(/\s/g, '');//remove all spaces
var value = order[1];
fields[field]= value;
})
With (Order Number:|Adress:) you are looking for the fields, you can add more fields separated the by the or character | ,inside the parenthessis. The .*?\n operators matches any character till the first break line appears. The g flag indicates that you want to look for all matches. Then you call str.replace, beacause it allows you to perfom a single task on each match. So, if the separator of the field and the value is a colon ':', then you split the match into an array of two values: ['Order number', 12345], and then, store that matches into an object. That code wil produce:
fields = {
OrderNumber: 12345,
Adresss: "my fake adress 000"
}

Please try \n and \r
Example: indexes(str, "\r");

If i've understood well, wat you need is to str.split():
function indexes(source, find) {
var order;
var result = [];
var orders = source.split('\n'); //returns an array of strings: ["order: 12345", "order:54321", ...]
for (var i = 0, l = orders.length; i < l; i++)
{
order = orders[i];
if (order.match(/find/) != null){
result.push(i)
}
}
return result;
}

Split sentence by space mixed up my index

I'm facing some problem while trying to send text to some spelling API.
The API return the corrections based on the words index, for example:
sentence:
"hello hoow are youu"
So the API index the words by numbers like that and return the correction based on that index:
0 1 2 3
hello hoow are youu
API Response that tell me which words to correct:
1: how
3: you
On the code I using split command to break the sentence into words array so I will be able to replace the misspelled words by their index.
string.split(" ");
My problem is that the API trim multiple spaces between words into one space, and by doing that the API words index not match my index. (I would like to preserve the spaces on the final output)
Example of the problem, sentence with 4 spaces between words:
Hello howw are youu?
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
hello hoow are youu
I thought about looping the words array and determine if the element is word or space and then create something new array like that:
indexed_words[0] = hello
indexed_words[0_1] = space
indexed_words[0_2] = space
indexed_words[0_3] = space
indexed_words[0_4] = space
indexed_words[0_5] = space
indexed_words[0_6] = space
indexed_words[0_7] = space
indexed_words[1] = how
indexed_words[2] = are
indexed_words[3] = you?
That way I could replace the misspelled words easily and than rebuild the sentence back with join command but the problem but the problem that I cannot use non-numeric indexes (its mixed up the order of the array)
Any idea how I can keep the formatting (spaces) but still correct the words?
Thanks

in that case you have very simple solution:L
$(document).ready(function(){
var OriginalSentence="howw are you?"
var ModifiedSentence="";
var splitstring=OriginalSentence.split(' ')
$.each(splitstring,function(i,v){
if(v!="")
{
//pass this word to your api and appedn it to sentance
ModifiedSentence+=APIRETURNVALUE//api return corrected value;
}
else{
ModifiedSentence+=v;
}
});
alert(ModifiedSentence);
});

Please review this one:
For string manipulation like this, I would highly recommend you to use Regex
Use online regex editor for faster try and error like here https://regex101.com/.
here I use /\w+/g to match every words if you want to ignore 1 or two words we can use /\w{2,}/g or something like that.
var str = "Hello howw are youu?";
var re = /\w+/g
var words = str.match(re);
console.log("Returning valus")
words.forEach(function(word, index) {
console.log(index + " -> " + word);
})
Correction
Just realize that you need to keep spacing as it is, please try this one:
I used your approach to change all to space. create array for its modified version then send to your API (I dunno that part). Then get returned data from API, reconvert it back to its original formating string.
var ori = `asdkhaskd asdkjaskdjaksjd askdjaksdjalsd a ksjdhaksjdhasd asdjkhaskdas`;
function replaceMeArr(str, match, replace) {
var s = str,
reg = match || /\s/g,
rep = replace || ` space `;
return s.replace(reg, rep).split(/\s/g);
}
function replaceMeStr(arr, match, replace) {
var a = arr.join(" "),
reg = match || /\sspace\s/g,
rep = replace || " ";
return a.replace(reg, rep);
}
console.log(`ori1: ${ori}`);
//can use it like this
var modified = replaceMeArr(ori);
console.log(`modi: ${modified.join(' ')}`);
//put it back
var original = replaceMeStr(modified);
console.log(`ori2: ${original}`);

Updated
var str = "Hello howw are youu?";
var words = str.split(" ");
// Getting an array without spaces/empty values
// send it to your API call
var requestArray = words.filter(function(word){
if (word) {
return word;
}
});
console.log("\nAPI Response that tell me which words to correct:");
console.log("6: how\n8: you");
var response = {
"1": "how",
"3": "you"
}
//As you have corrected words index, Replace those words in your "requestArray"
for (var key in response) {
requestArray[key] = response[key];
}
//now we have array of non-empty & correct spelled words. we need to put back empty (space's) value back in between this array
var count = 0;
words.forEach(function(word, index){
if (word) {
words[index] = requestArray[count];
count++;
}
})
console.log(words);
Correct me, if i was wrong.
Hope this helps :)

Try this JSFiddle
, Happy coding :)
//
// ReplaceMisspelledWords
//
// Created by Hilal Baig on 21/11/16.
// Copyright © 2016 Baigapps. All rights reserved.
//
var preservedArray = new Array();
var splitArray = new Array();
/*Word Object to preserve my misspeled words indexes*/
function preservedObject(pIndex, nIndex, title) {
this.originalIndex = pIndex;
this.apiIndex = nIndex;
this.title = title;
}
/*Preserving misspeled words indexes in preservedArray*/
function savePreserveIndexes(str) {
splitArray = str.split(" ");
//console.log(splitArray);
var x = 0;
for (var i = 0; i < splitArray.length; i++) {
if (splitArray[i].length > 0) {
var word = new preservedObject(i, x, splitArray[i]);
preservedArray.push(word);
x++;
}
}
};
function replaceMisspelled(resp) {
for (var key in resp) {
for (var i = 0; i < preservedArray.length; i++) {
wObj = preservedArray[i];
if (wObj.apiIndex == key) {
wObj.title = resp[key];
splitArray[wObj.originalIndex] = resp[key];
}
}
}
//console.log(preservedArray);
return correctedSentence = splitArray.join(" ");
}
/*Your input string to be corrected*/
str = "Hello howw are youu";
console.log(str);
savePreserveIndexes(str);
/*API Response in json of corrected words*/
var apiResponse = '{"1":"how","3":"you" }';
resp = JSON.parse(apiResponse);
//console.log(resp);
/*Replace misspelled words by corrected*/
console.log(replaceMisspelled(resp)); //Your solution

Please explain to me prototypes in javascript using the code below

I am trying to use the prototype method of writing functions that can be implemented by strings to capitalise every first letter of every word. I would like to call this function like,
var str = "Example of a string";
str.toJadenCase();
This is the function I am trying to write:
String.prototype.toJadenCase = function () {
//split the statement into each word
if (String.prototype.length !== 0)
{
var eachWord = String.prototype.split(" ");
var n = eachWord.length;
if(n !== 0)
{
//loop through the array of words
for(var i = 0; i < eachWord.length; i++){
//for each loop, split the word into individual characters
var charArray = eachWord[i].split("");
//capitalise the first element of character array
charArray[0] = charArray[0].toUpperCase();
//join all elements in character array to string
eachWord[i] = charArray.join("");
}
//join all the words to form the statement
String.prototype = eachWord.join(" ");
return String.prototype;
}
}
};
I had written it this way before:
var capitaliseInitial = function(sampleText){
var textString = sampleText;
//split the statement into each word
var eachWord = textString.split(" ");
//loop through the array of words
for(var i = 0; i < eachWord.length; i++){
//for each loop, split the word into individual characters
var charArray = eachWord[i].split("");
//capitalise the first element of character array
charArray[0] = charArray[0].toUpperCase();
//join all elements in character array to string
eachWord[i] = charArray.join("");
}
//join all the words to form the statement
textString = eachWord.join(" ");
return textString;
}

I would like to call this function like,
var str = "Example of a string";
str.toJadenCase();
You can't, strings are immutable. You would have to call it like this:
str = str.toJadenCase();
In your function, you're using String.prototype incorrectly. String.prototype is the object containing the various String-specific methods. It's assigned as the underlying prototype of all strings.
Where you're using String.prototype, you should be using this, and instead of trying to assign to it (this = ... is invalid), return the result.
The simple way to do what you're doing is to:
Split the string into an array of words, as you have
Loop through that array either building up a new string with the capitalized words via +=, or building a new array with the capitalized words and then doing Array#join at the end to put it back together.
Return the string you built
Something like this:
String.prototype.toJadenCase = function() {
var result = this;
//split the statement into each word
if (this.length !== 0) {
result = this.split(" ").map(function(word) {
return word.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() + word.substring(1);
}).join(" ");
}
return result;
};
snippet.log("this is a test".toJadenCase());
snippet.log("oneword".toJadenCase());
snippet.log("blank: " + ("".toJadenCase()));
<!-- Script provides the `snippet` object, see http://meta.stackexchange.com/a/242144/134069 -->
<script src="http://tjcrowder.github.io/simple-snippets-console/snippet.js"></script>
Note I've done away with the check if the array of words' length isn't 0: It can't be 0 if you've pre-checked the length as you have.

use RegExp and php like naming
str.ucwords()
String.prototype.ucwords = function() {
return this.replace(/\b\S/g,function(c){
return c.toUpperCase()
}
}

Here's how I did mine.
Split the string into an array of words, as you have
Loop through that array either building up a new string with the capitalized words via +=, or building a new array with the capitalized words and then doing Array#join at the end to put it back together.
Return the string you built
String.prototype.toJadenCase = function () { return this.split(" ").map(function(word){ return word.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + word.slice(1); }).join(" "); }

This look like one of the Code Wars Katas - this was my solution -
String.prototype.toJadenCase = function () {
// assign 'this' keyword to a variable and split String into an array
var result = this.split(" ");
/* loop through the array changing first character of each item to
uppercase & adding it to the remaining letters in each item */
for(i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
result[i] = result[i].charAt(0).toUpperCase() + result[i].substring(1);
}
//finally return items joined back together in a string
return result.join(' ');
};

another way to do this would be like:
String.prototype.toJadenCase = function() {
return this
.split(" ")
.map(i => i.replace(i[0], i[0].toUpperCase()))
.join(" ");
};

how to retrieve a string between to same charecter

I know how to use substring() but here I have a problem, I'd like to retrieve a number between two "_" from a unknown string length. here is my string for example.
7_28_li
and I want to get the 28. How can I proceed to do so ?
Thanks.

Regex
'7_28_li'.match(/_(\d+)_/)[1]
The slashes inside match make it's contents regex.
_s are taken literally
( and ) are for retrieving the contents (the target number) later
\d is a digit character
+ is "one or more".
The [1] on the end is accesses what got matched from the first set of parens, the one or more (+) digits (\d).
Loop
var str = '7_28_li';
var state = 0; //How many underscores have gone by
var num = '';
for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
if (str[i] == '_') state++;
else if (state == 1) num += str[i];
};
num = parseInt(num);
Probably more efficient, but kind of long and ugly.
Split
'7_28_li'.split('_')[1]
Split it into an array, then get the second element.
IndexOf
var str = "7_28_li";
var num = str.substring(str.indexOf('_') + 1, str.indexOf('_', 2));
Get the start and end point. Uses the little-known second parameter of indexOf. This works better than lastIndexOf because it is guaranteed to give the first number between _s, even when there are more than 2 underscores.

First find the index of _, and then find the next position of _. Then get the substring between them.
var data = "7_28_li";
var idx = data.indexOf("_");
console.log(data.substring(idx + 1, data.indexOf("_", idx + 1)));
# 28
You can understand that better, like this
var data = "7_28_li";
var first = data.indexOf("_");
var next = data.indexOf("_", first + 1);
console.log(data.substring(first + 1, next));
# 28
Note: The second argument to indexOf is to specify where to start looking from.

Probably the easiest way to do it is to call split on your string, with your delimiter ("_" in this case) as the argument. It'll return an array with 7, 28, and li as elements, so you can select the middle one.
"7_28_li".split("_")[1]
This will work if it'll always be 3 elements. If it's more, divide the length property by 2 and floor it to get the right element.
var splitstring = "7_28_li".split("_")
console.log(splitstring[Math.floor(splitstring.length/2)]);
I'm not sure how you want to handle even length strings, but all you have to do is set up an if statement and then do whatever you want.

If you know there would be 2 underscore, you can use this
var str = "7_28_li";
var res = str.substring(str.indexOf("_") +1, str.lastIndexOf("_"));
If you want to find the string between first 2 underscores
var str = "7_28_li";
var firstIndex = str.indexOf("_");
var secondIndex = str.indexOf("_", firstIndex+1);
var res = str.substring(firstIndex+1, secondIndex);

New to javascript, how to write reverse iteration?

I'm currently taking an introduction CIS class at my university and one of the projects is javascript. It is split into two unrelated parts and I was able to do the second part but I'm stuck on the first one. My professor wants me to write an iteration that will display in a reverse order whatever name I write in the prompt screen. So if I write "John Smith" it will display "htims nhoj". The issue is that I have no idea how to write it.
<html>
<body>
<script>
var namIn = window.prompt("Enter name:" );
var namAr = namIn.split("");
var namArLen = namAr.length;
document.write(namAr + "<br /> Length: " + namArLen);
</script>
</body>
</html>

Strings in JavaScript have a function called split() which turn them in to Arrays. Arrays in JavaScript have a function called reverse() which reverse their order, and a function called join() which turn them back into Strings. You can combine these into:
"John Smith".split("").reverse().join("")
This returns:
"htimS nhoJ"
Also, and I don't know if this is a typo, but you can throw a toLowerCase() to get 100% of what your question is after:
"John Smith".split("").reverse().join("").toLowerCase()
returns:
"htims nhoj"
As for the question in your title, you can specify the direction of a for loop in the last argument like so:
var reversed = [];
var name = "John Smith".split("");
for(var i = name.length-1; i >= 0; i--) {
reversed.push(name[i]);
}
console.log(reversed.join(""));
Which will output:
"htimS nhoJ"

There's no need to split this string into an array. Just use the charAt() function and a simple for loop.
var name = window.prompt("Enter name:");
var reverse = "";
for (var i = name.length - 1; i >=0; i--) {
reverse += name.charAt(i);
}
console.log(reverse)
Instead of converting the string to an array first, you're just reading the characters out of the string directly.

You can accomplish this by iterating only half the number of characters.
DEMO: http://jsfiddle.net/vgG2P/
CODE:
var name = "Bob Dylan".split("");
// The counters will meet in the middle.
// --------------+----------------------
// first char last char | inc dec
// -------v-------------v-----------v----v----v
for(var i = 0, j = name.length-1; i < j; i++, j--) {
var temp = name[i]; // Store the `i` char
name[i] = name[j]; // Replace the `i` char with the `j` char
name[j] = temp; // Replace the `j` char with the `i` char we stored
}
console.log(name.join("")); "nalyD boB"
EXPLANATION:
What we did was split the characters into an Array, and maintain two counters, one that increments from the first character at 0, and the other that decrements from the last character at .length - 1. Then simply swap the characters.
The iteration continues while your incrementing counter is less than your decrementing counter. Since they will meet in the middle, you'll end up incrementing only half the total length.
We can also build the halves of the result without using an Array:
DEMO: http://jsfiddle.net/vgG2P/1/
var name = "Bob Dylan";
var start = "", end = ""
for(var i = 0, j = name.length-1; i < j; i++, j--) {
end = name.charAt(i) + end
start += name.charAt(j)
}
if (i === j)
start += name.charAt(i)
console.log(start + end); "nalyD boB"

I'm assuming that your professor would not be asking you how to reverse a string if he hasn't yet introduced you to the concept of arrays and loops. Basically, a string like John Smith is just an array of characters like this:
0123456789
John Smith
Again, thinking in the sense that a string is just an array of characters, you have have 10 characters that need to be reversed. So how do you go about doing this? Well, you basically need to take the last character h from the "array" you're given and make it the first character in a new "array" you're going to create. Here's an example:
var known = 'John Smith';
var reversed = ''; // I'm making an empty string aka character array
var last = known.length - 1 // This is the index of the last character
for (var i = 0; i < known.length; i++)
{
temp += known[last - i];
}
(You can see it working here)
So what's happening?
We're looping over known starting at 0 and ending at 9 (from the first character to the last)
During each iteration, i is incrementing from 0 - 9
last always has a value of 9
last - i will give us indexes in reverse order (9, 8, 7, ..., 0)
So, when i is 0, last - i is 9 and known[9] is "h"; repeat this process and you get the reversed string
Hopefully this helps explain a little better what's happening when you call reverse() on an array.

(1) A more straight forward way without built-in functions:
function reverse(str) {
let reversed_string = "";
for (let i = str.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
reversed_string += str[i];
}
return reversed_string;
}
(2) Using ES2015 'for' helper function:
function reverse(str) {
let reversed_string = "";
for (let character of str) {
reversed_string = character + reversed_string;
}
return reversed_string;
}
(3) Using ES6 syntax and ES5.1 reduce():
function reverse(str) {
return str.split('').reduce((reversed, char) => char + reversed, '');
}
// reduce takes in 2 arguments. (1) arrow function, and (2) empty string.
Chances are, for an interview, that you will not able to use the built-in functions, especially for "reverse()".