Develop Reference

Pure javascript: Set border for draggable elements

Good day,
Learning Javascript and trying to make draggable elements inside a container.
How to set the draggable border so that elements won't be able to move outside it ?
Right now i have a problem when you drag something to the bottom or right border the element moves outside the container.
fiddle
my HTML looks like this :
<div id="container">
<div id="comboCon1"></div>
<div id="comboCon2"></div>
</div>
Here is the function where i get all positions and call the onmousemove Event :
function OnMouseClickDown(event) {
var target; // -> Element that triggered the event
if (event.target != null) { // -> If Browser is IE than use 'srcElement'
target = event.target;
} else {
target = event.srcElement;
}
// Check which button was clicked and if element has class 'draggable'
if ((event.button == 1 || event.button == 0) && target.className == "draggable") {
// Current Mouse position
startX = event.clientX;
startY = event.clientY;
// Current Element position
offsetX = ExtractNumber(target.style.left); // -> Convert to INT
offsetY = ExtractNumber(target.style.top);
// Border ( Div Container )
minBoundX = target.parentNode.offsetLeft; // Minimal -> Top Position.
minBoundY = target.parentNode.offsetTop;
maxBoundX = minBoundX + target.parentNode.offsetWidth - target.offsetWidth; // Maximal.
maxBoundY = minBoundY + target.parentNode.offsetHeight - target.offsetHeight;
oldZIndex = target.style.zIndex;
target.style.zIndex = 10; // -> Move element infront of others
dragElement = target; // -> Pass to onMouseMove
document.onmousemove = OnMouseMove; // -> Begin drag.
document.body.focus() // -> Cancel selections
document.onselectstart = function () { return false }; // -> Cancel selection in IE.
}
}
And here is onmousemove Event :
function OnMouseMove(event) {
dragElement.style.left = Math.max(minBoundX, Math.min(offsetX + event.clientX - startX, maxBoundX)) + "px";
dragElement.style.top = Math.max(minBoundY, Math.min(offsetY + event.clientY - startY, maxBoundY)) + "px";
}

there is a little change in css for solve this problem, because you are usingf position "relative" the offset of container is given to the child is draged
so in my demo put drag element in position absolute, and change offsetWidth for clientWidth and seems works ( horizontal):
// Draggable Div 1
document.getElementById("comboCon1").style.position = "relative"; // -> Add position relative
document.getElementById("comboCon1").style.width = "151px";
document.getElementById("comboCon1").style.height = "10px";
document.getElementById("comboCon1").setAttribute("class", "draggable");
document.getElementById("comboCon1").style.border = "1px solid black";
document.getElementById("comboCon1").style.padding = "0px";
// Draggable Div 2
document.getElementById("comboCon2").style.position = "relative";
document.getElementById("comboCon2").style.width = "151px";
document.getElementById("comboCon2").setAttribute("class", "draggable");
document.getElementById("comboCon2").style.border = "1px solid black";
document.getElementById("comboCon2").style.padding = "10px";
// Container
document.getElementById("container").style.border = "1px solid black";
document.getElementById("container").style.width = "500px";
document.getElementById("container").style.height = "500px";
//////////////////////
// Begin Drag events
//////////////////////
var startX = 0; //-> Mouse position.
var startY = 0;
var offsetX = 0; // -> Element position
var offsetY = 0;
var minBoundX = 0; // -> Top Drag Position ( Minimum )
var minBoundY = 0;
var maxBoundX = 0; // -> Bottom Drag Position ( Maximum )
var maxBoundY = 0;
var dragElement; // -> Pass the target to OnMouseMove Event
var oldZIndex = 0; // -> Increase Z-Index while drag
// 1)
initDragDrop(); // -> initialize 2 Events.
function initDragDrop() {
document.onmousedown = OnMouseClickDown;
document.onmouseup = OnMouseClickUp;
}
// 2) Click on Element
function OnMouseClickDown(event) {
var target; // -> Element that triggered the event
if (event.target != null) { // -> If Browser is IE than use 'srcElement'
target = event.target;
} else {
target = event.srcElement;
}
// Check which button was clicked and if element has class 'draggable'
if ((event.button == 1 || event.button == 0) && target.className == "draggable") {
// Current Mouse position
startX = event.clientX;
startY = event.clientY;
// Current Element position
offsetX = ExtractNumber(target.style.left); // -> Convert to INT
offsetY = ExtractNumber(target.style.top);
// Border ( Div Container )
minBoundX = target.parentNode.offsetLeft; // Minimal -> Top Position.
console.log(target.parentNode.getBoundingClientRect(), target)
minBoundY = target.parentNode.offsetTop;
maxBoundX = minBoundX + target.parentNode.clientWidth - target.clientWidth; // Maximal.
console.log(maxBoundX, target.parentNode.clientWidth, target.clientWidth);
maxBoundY = minBoundY + target.parentNode.offsetHeight - target.offsetHeight;
oldZIndex = target.style.zIndex;
target.style.zIndex = 10; // -> Move element infront of others
target.style.position = 'absolute'
dragElement = target; // -> Pass to onMouseMove
document.onmousemove = OnMouseMove; // -> Begin drag.
document.body.focus() // -> Cancel selections
document.onselectstart = function () { return false }; // -> Cancel selection in IE.
}
}
// 3) Convert current Element position in INT
function ExtractNumber(value) {
var number = parseInt(value);
if (number == null || isNaN(number)) {
return 0;
}
else {
return number;
}
}
// 4) Drag
function OnMouseMove(event) {
dragElement.style.left = Math.max(minBoundX, Math.min(offsetX + event.clientX - startX, maxBoundX)) + "px";
dragElement.style.top = Math.max(minBoundY, Math.min(offsetY + event.clientY - startY, maxBoundY)) + "px";
}
// 5) Drop
function OnMouseClickUp(event) {
if (dragElement != null) {
dragElement.style.zIndex = oldZIndex; // -> set Z-index 0.
document.onmousemove = null;
document.onselectstart = null;
dragElement = null; // -> No more element to drag.
}
}

convert function to use css translate3d

I've written a function in Javascript to make images draggable within a container. Even if the image is enlarged it can be dragged all over the screen without disappearing from it. My function relies heaving on using style.top and style.left. Now I've heard that using translate3d might provide better performance. This is interesting because I changed my image scale function, which uses a slider, to scale3d and the scaling is clearly smoother, no doubt. So could anyone help me convert this function I've written to use translate3d? I've tried and tried but have kept failing. Many Thanks:
EDIT: I put up a jsfiddle
https://jsfiddle.net/bx4073tr/
Please note that imgRect is the parent div while img is the image itself (it's in an img tag contained in the div).
function makeImageDraggable(event) {
// Make an image draggable but within bounds of container
let overflow_vertical = false;
let overflow_horizontal = false;
// bounding rectangles to hold image and imageContainer
let imgRect = img.getBoundingClientRect();
let imgContainerRect = imageContainer.getBoundingClientRect();
// find out if image overflows it's container div
// check for vertical overflow, getBoundingClientRect().height will get the real height after the image is scaled
if ( imgRect.height > imageContainer.offsetHeight ) {
overflow_vertical = true;
}
// check for horizontal overflow
if ( imgRect.width > imageContainer.offsetWidth ) {
overflow_horizontal = true;
}
// if there is no overflow, either horizontal or vertical, then do absolutely nothing
if (!overflow_horizontal && !overflow_vertical) {
// nothing to do
} else {
// otherwise make image draggable
event = event || window.event;
// get initial mouse position
let startX = event.clientX;
let startY = event.clientY;
// get position of image to be dragged
let offsetX = pixelToFloat(img.style.left);
let offsetY = pixelToFloat(img.style.top);
// add onmousemove event now we are sure user has initiated a mousedown event
window.onmousemove = function(mousemove_event) {
if (mousemove_event == null) {
mousemove_event = window.event;
}
// calculate bounds so that image does not go off the page
// if there is an overflow, the image will be bigger than the container
// so we need to find the maximum distance we can go upwards, downwards and sideways
// using img.getBoundingClientRect, we can get the width of the scaled image, we also get the width of the container
// divide it by 2 so we can move the same number of pixels in either direction
// max right and left
let max_right = -1 * ( ((imgRect.right - imgRect.left) - (imgContainerRect.right - imgContainerRect.left))/2 );
// should be a positive number
let max_left = -1 * (max_right);
// max bottom and top
let max_bottom = -1 * ( ((imgRect.bottom - imgRect.top) - (imgContainerRect.bottom - imgContainerRect.top))/2 );
// should be a positive number
let max_top = -1 * (max_bottom);
// Dragging image left and right
if (!overflow_horizontal) {
} else {
let scrollX = (offsetX + mousemove_event.clientX - startX);
// img.style.left will keep increasing or decreasing, check if it approaches max_left or max_right
if (scrollX >= max_left || scrollX <= max_right) {
//return false;imageContainer.style.webkitTransform = 'translate3d(' + newX + 'px,' + newY + 'px, 0)';
} else {
if (scrollX < max_left) { img.style.left = min(scrollX, max_left) + 'px'; }
if (scrollX > max_right) { img.style.left = max(scrollX, max_right) + 'px'; }
}
}
// Dragging image top to bottom
if (!overflow_vertical) {
} else {
let scrollY = (offsetY + mousemove_event.clientY - startY);
// as an expanded image is pulled downwards, img.style.top keeps increasing to approach max_top
// if it reaches max top, simply do nothing, else keep increasing
// check for both conditions, approaching max_top and approaching max_bottom
if (scrollY >= max_top || scrollY <= max_bottom) {
// return false;
} else {
if (scrollY < max_top) { img.style.top = min(scrollY, max_top) + 'px'; }
if (scrollY > max_bottom) { img.style.top = max(scrollY, max_bottom) + 'px'; }
}
}
// return
return false;
}
}
// cancel mousemove event on mouseup
window.onmouseup = function(mouseup_event) {
window.onmousemove = null;
// Should not return false as it will interfere with range slider
}
// return false
return false;
}

Works now.
See makeDraggable method in the fiddle below:
https://jsfiddle.net/daibatzu/0u74faz6/6/
All you have to do is add this function to the event listener for the image like:
var img = document.getElementById('myImage');
img.addEventListener('mousedown', function(event) { makeDraggable(event); });
Code
function makeDraggable(event) {
// get bounding rectangle
let imgRect = img.getBoundingClientRect();
let parentRect = parent.getBoundingClientRect();
// check overflow
let overflow_horizontal = (imgRect.width > parent.offsetWidth ? true : false);
let overflow_vertical = (imgRect.height > parent.offsetHeight ? true : false);
// get start position
let startX = event.pageX - translateX, startY = event.pageY - translateY;
let max_left = parentRect.left - imgRect.left;
let max_top = parentRect.top - imgRect.top;
window.onmousemove = function(evt) {
// set event object
if (evt == null) { evt = window.event; }
// Say max_left is 160px, this means we can only translate from 160px to -160px to keep the image visible
// so we check if the image moves beyond abs(160), if it does, set it to 160 or -160 depending on direction, else, let it continue
translateX = (Math.abs(evt.pageX - startX) >= max_left ? (max_left * Math.sign(evt.pageX - startX)) : (evt.pageX - startX));
translateY = (Math.abs(evt.pageY - startY) >= max_top ? (max_top * Math.sign(evt.pageY - startY)) : (evt.pageY - startY));
// check if scaled image width is greater than it's container. if it isn't set translateX to zero and so on
translateX = overflow_horizontal ? translateX : 0, translateY = overflow_vertical ? translateY : 0;
// translate parent div
parent.style['-webkit-transform'] = 'translate(' + translateX + 'px, ' + translateY + 'px)';
// return
return false;
}
window.onmouseup = function(evt) {
// set mousemove event to null
window.onmousemove = null;
}
return false;
};

Detect container, while moving an element over it

I making a simple drag'n'drop interface. I have a bunch of containers ("wrapper") and some dynamically added items ("dragElement") in one of them. So I need, when I move item over another container, JS detect it and move the item there when the drag is finished.
I tried to detect container with "onmouseover" and "mouseup" when dragging item, but had no success, because, actually, mouse always was over the dragged element.
So how can I detect container when drag item? In pure JS please...
document.onmousedown = function(e) {
var dragElement = e.target;
if (!dragElement.classList.contains('draggable')) return;
var coords, shiftX, shiftY, detectPage;
startDrag(e.clientX, e.clientY);
document.onmousemove = function(e) {
moveAt(e.clientX, e.clientY);
};
wrapper.onmouseover = function(e) {
detectPage = e.target;
console.log(detectPage);
};
dragElement.onmouseup = function() {
finishDrag();
};
function startDrag(clientX, clientY) {
shiftX = clientX - dragElement.getBoundingClientRect().left;
shiftY = clientY - dragElement.getBoundingClientRect().top;
dragElement.style.position = 'fixed';
document.body.appendChild(dragElement);
moveAt(clientX, clientY);
};
function finishDrag() {
dragElement.style.top = parseInt(dragElement.style.top) - wrapper.getBoundingClientRect().top + 'px';
dragElement.style.position = 'absolute';
wrapper.onmouseup = function(e) {
var selectPage = e.target;
}
wrapper.appendChild(dragElement);
document.onmousemove = null;
dragElement.onmouseup = null;
};
function moveAt(clientX, clientY) {
var newX = clientX - shiftX;
var newY = clientY - shiftY;
if (newX < 0) newX = 0;
if (newX > wrapper.offsetWidth - dragElement.offsetWidth) {
newX = wrapper.offsetWidth - dragElement.offsetWidth;
}
dragElement.style.left = newX + 'px';
dragElement.style.top = newY + 'px';
};
return false;
};

Well, no one help. So one free day gone to find the solution. All I can found is to delete function finishDrag() from dragElement.onmouseup and change it to the code below.
If in shorter, when onmouseup comes, dragElement must go to display:none and now we can get access to the object near the mouse cursor through elementFromPoint. When we done with it, we can easily detects container, bring an element back to display:block and put it to that container...
Hope, it helps to someone...
dragElement.onmouseup = function(e) {
dragElement.style.display = 'none';
var selectPage = document.elementFromPoint(e.clientX, e.clientY);
dragElement.style.display = 'block';
dragElement.style.top = parseInt(dragElement.style.top) - selectPage.getBoundingClientRect().top + 'px';
dragElement.style.position = 'absolute';
selectPage.appendChild(dragElement);
document.onmousemove = null;
dragElement.onmouseup = null;
};

1000 DOM elements on a single page

For a project of big "text map" BigPicture, I need to have more than 1000 text inputs.
When you click + drag, you can "pan" the displayed area.
But the performance is very poor (both on Firefox and Chrome) : rendering 1000+ DOM elements is not fast at all.
Of course, another solution with better performance would be : work on a <canvas>, render text as bitmap on it, and each time we want to edit text, let's show a unique DOM <textarea>, that disappears what editing is finished, and text is rendered as bitmap again... It works (I'm currently working in this direction) but it needs much more code in order to provide editing on a canvas.
Question : Is it possible to improve performance for rendering of 1000+ DOM elements on a HTML page, so that I don't need to use <canvas> at all ?
Or will it be impossible to have good performance when panning a page with 1000+ DOM elements ?
Notes :
1) In the demo here I use <span contendteditable="true"> because I want multiline input + autoresize, but the rendering performance is the same with standard <textarea>.*
2) For reference, this is how I create the 1000 text elements.
for (i=0; i < 1000; i++)
{
var blax = (Math.random()-0.5)*3000;
var blay = (Math.random()-0.5)*3000;
var tb = document.createElement('span');
$(tb).data("x", blax / $(window).width());
$(tb).data("y", blay / $(window).height());
$(tb).data("size", 20 * currentzoom);
tb.contentEditable = true;
tb.style.fontFamily = 'arial';
tb.style.fontSize = '20px';
tb.style.position = 'absolute';
tb.style.top = blay + 'px';
tb.style.left = blax + 'px';
tb.innerHTML="newtext";
document.body.appendChild(tb);
}

For something like this you could make use of document fragment, these are DOM nodes that are not part of the actually DOM tree (more info can be found here https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/document.createDocumentFragment), so you can do all your setup on the fragment and then append the fragment which will only be causing the one re flow rather than 1000.
So here is an example -http://jsfiddle.net/leighking2/awzoz7bj/ - a quick check on run time it takes around 60-70ms to run
var currentzoom = 1;
var docFragment = document.createDocumentFragment();
var start = new Date();
for (i=0; i < 1000; i++)
{
var blax = (Math.random()-0.5)*3000;
var blay = (Math.random()-0.5)*3000;
var tb = document.createElement('span');
$(tb).data("x", blax / $(window).width());
$(tb).data("y", blay / $(window).height());
$(tb).data("size", 20 * currentzoom);
tb.contentEditable = true;
tb.style.fontFamily = 'arial';
tb.style.fontSize = '20px';
tb.style.position = 'absolute';
tb.style.top = blay + 'px';
tb.style.left = blax + 'px';
tb.innerHTML="newtext";
docFragment.appendChild(tb);
}
document.body.appendChild(docFragment);
var end = new Date();
console.log(end-start)
compared to the original which took around 645ms to run http://jsfiddle.net/leighking2/896pusex/
UPDATE So for improving the dragging speed again keep the individual edits out of the DOM to avoid the cost of the reflow 1000 times every mouse drag
so here is one way using jquery's detach() method (example http://jsfiddle.net/sf72ubdt/). This will remove the elements from the DOM but give them to you with all their properties so you can manipulate them and reinsert them later on
redraw = function(resize) {
//detach spans
var spans = $("span").detach();
//now loop other them, because they are no longer attached to the DOM any changes are
//not going to cause a reflow of the page
$(spans).each(function(index) {
var newx = Math.floor(($(this).data("x") - currentx) / currentzoom * $(window).width());
var newy = Math.floor(($(this).data("y") - currenty) / currentzoom * $(window).height());
if (resize) {
displaysize = Math.floor($(this).data("size") / currentzoom);
if (displaysize) {
$(this).css({
fontSize: displaysize
});
$(this).show();
} else
$(this).hide();
}
//changed this from offset as I was getting a weird dispersing effect around the mouse
// also can no longer test for visible but i assume you want to move them all anyway.
$(this).css({
top: newy + 'px',
left: newx + 'px'
});
});
//reattach to the body
$("body").append(spans);
};
UPDATE 2 -
So to get a little more performance out of this you can cache the window width and height, use a vanilla for loop, use vanilla js to change the css of the span. Now each redraw (on chrome) takes around 30-45 ms (http://jsfiddle.net/leighking2/orpupsge/) compared to my above update which saw them at around 80-100ms (http://jsfiddle.net/leighking2/b68r2xeu/)
so here is the updated redraw
redraw = function (resize) {
var spans = $("span").detach();
var width = $(window).width();
var height = $(window).height();
for (var i = spans.length; i--;) {
var span = $(spans[i]);
var newx = Math.floor((span.data("x") - currentx) / currentzoom * width);
var newy = Math.floor((span.data("y") - currenty) / currentzoom * height);
if (resize) {
displaysize = Math.floor(span.data("size") / currentzoom);
if (displaysize) {
span.css({
fontSize: displaysize
});
span.show();
} else span.hide();
}
spans[i].style.top = newy + 'px',
spans[i].style.left = newx + 'px'
}
$("body").append(spans);
};
SNIPPET EXAMPLE -
var currentzoom = 1;
var docFragment = document.createDocumentFragment();
var start = new Date();
var positions = []
var end = new Date();
console.log(end - start);
var currentx = 0.0,
currenty = 0.0,
currentzoom = 1.0,
xold = 0,
yold = 0,
button = false;
for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
var blax = (Math.random() - 0.5) * 3000;
var blay = (Math.random() - 0.5) * 3000;
var tb = document.createElement('span');
$(tb).data("x", blax / $(window).width());
$(tb).data("y", blay / $(window).height());
$(tb).data("size", 20 * currentzoom);
tb.contentEditable = true;
tb.style.fontFamily = 'arial';
tb.style.fontSize = '20px';
tb.style.position = 'absolute';
tb.style.top = blay + 'px';
tb.style.left = blax + 'px';
tb.innerHTML = "newtext";
docFragment.appendChild(tb);
}
document.body.appendChild(docFragment);
document.body.onclick = function (e) {
if (e.target.nodeName == 'SPAN') {
return;
}
var tb = document.createElement('span');
$(tb).data("x", currentx + e.clientX / $(window).width() * currentzoom);
$(tb).data("y", currenty + e.clientY / $(window).height() * currentzoom);
$(tb).data("size", 20 * currentzoom);
tb.contentEditable = true;
tb.style.fontFamily = 'arial';
tb.style.fontSize = '20px';
tb.style.backgroundColor = 'transparent';
tb.style.position = 'absolute';
tb.style.top = e.clientY + 'px';
tb.style.left = e.clientX + 'px';
document.body.appendChild(tb);
tb.focus();
};
document.body.onmousedown = function (e) {
button = true;
xold = e.clientX;
yold = e.clientY;
};
document.body.onmouseup = function (e) {
button = false;
};
redraw = function (resize) {
var start = new Date();
var spans = $("span").detach();
var width = $(window).width();
var height = $(window).height();
for (var i = spans.length; i--;) {
var span = $(spans[i]);
var newx = Math.floor((span.data("x") - currentx) / currentzoom * width);
var newy = Math.floor((span.data("y") - currenty) / currentzoom * height);
if (resize) {
displaysize = Math.floor(span.data("size") / currentzoom);
if (displaysize) {
span.css({
fontSize: displaysize
});
span.show();
} else span.hide();
}
spans[i].style.top = newy + 'px',
spans[i].style.left = newx + 'px'
}
$("body").append(spans);
var end = new Date();
console.log(end - start);
};
document.body.onmousemove = function (e) {
if (button) {
currentx += (xold - e.clientX) / $(window).width() * currentzoom;
currenty += (yold - e.clientY) / $(window).height() * currentzoom;
xold = e.clientX;
yold = e.clientY;
redraw(false);
}
};
$(function () {
$('body').on('mousedown', 'span', function (event) {
if (event.which == 3) {
$(this).remove()
}
})
});
zoomcoef = function (coef) {
middlex = currentx + currentzoom / 2
middley = currenty + currentzoom / 2
currentzoom *= coef
currentx = middlex - currentzoom / 2
currenty = middley - currentzoom / 2
redraw(true)
}
window.onkeydown = function (event) {
if (event.ctrlKey && event.keyCode == 61) {
zoomcoef(1 / 1.732);
event.preventDefault();
}
if (event.ctrlKey && event.keyCode == 169) {
zoomcoef(1.732);
event.preventDefault();
}
if (event.ctrlKey && event.keyCode == 48) {
zoomonwidget(1 / 1.732);
event.preventDefault();
}
};
html, body {
height: 100%;
width: 100%;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
overflow: hidden;
}
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.0/jquery.min.js"></script>

A solution was given by #Shmiddty which is much faster to all previous attempts : all elements should be wrapped, and only the wrapper has to be moved (instead of moving each element) :
http://jsfiddle.net/qhskacsw/
It runs smooth and fast even with 1000+ DOM elements.
var container = document.createElement("div"),
wrapper = document.createElement("div"),
dragging = false,
offset = {x:0, y:0},
previous = {x: 0, y:0};
container.style.position = "absolute";
wrapper.style.position = "relative";
container.appendChild(wrapper);
document.body.appendChild(container);
for (var i = 1000, span; i--;){
span = document.createElement("span");
span.textContent = "banana";
span.style.position = "absolute";
span.style.top = (Math.random() * 3000 - 1000 | 0) + 'px';
span.style.left = (Math.random() * 3000 - 1000 | 0) + 'px';
wrapper.appendChild(span);
}
// Don't attach events like this.
// I'm only doing it for this proof of concept.
window.ondragstart = function(e){
e.preventDefault();
}
window.onmousedown = function(e){
dragging = true;
previous = {x: e.pageX, y: e.pageY};
}
window.onmousemove = function(e){
if (dragging){
offset.x += e.pageX - previous.x;
offset.y += e.pageY - previous.y;
previous = {x: e.pageX, y: e.pageY};
container.style.top = offset.y + 'px';
container.style.left = offset.x + 'px';
}
}
window.onmouseup = function(){
dragging = false;
}

IMHO, I would go with your current thinking to maximize performance.
Reason: 1000+ DOM elements will always limit performance.
Yes, there is slightly more coding but your performance should be much better.
create one large offscreen canvas containing all 1000 texts.
Use context.textMeasure to calculate the bounding box of all 1000 texts relative to the image.
Save the info about each text in an object
var texts=[];
var texts[0]={ text:'text#0', x:100, y:100, width:35, height:20 }
...
context.drawImage that image on a canvas using an offset-X to 'pan' the image. This way you only have 1 canvas element instead of 1000 text elements.
In the mousedown handler, check if the mouse position is inside the bounding box of any text.
If the mouse is clicked inside a text bounding box, absolutely position an input-type-text directly over the text on the canvas. This way you only need 1 input element which can be reused for any of the 1000 texts.
Use the abilities of the input element to let the user edit the text. The canvas element has no native text editing abilities so don't "recreate the wheel" by coding canvas text editing.
When the user is done editing, recalculate the bounding box of the newly edited text and save it to the text object.
Redraw the offscreen canvas containing all 1000 texts with the newly edited text and draw it to the onscreen canvas.
Panning: if the user drags the onscreen canvas, draw the offscreen canvas onto the onscreen canvas with an offset equal to the distance the user has dragged the mouse. Panning is nearly instantaneous because drawing the offscreen canvas into the onscreen canvas-viewport is much, much faster than moving 1000 DOM input elements
[ Addition: full example with editing and panning ]
**Best Viewed In Full Screen Mode**
var canvas=document.getElementById("canvas");
var ctx=canvas.getContext("2d");
var $canvas=$("#canvas");
var canvasOffset=$canvas.offset();
var offsetX=canvasOffset.left;
var offsetY=canvasOffset.top;
var texts=[];
var fontSize=12;
var fontFace='arial';
var tcanvas=document.createElement("canvas");
var tctx=tcanvas.getContext("2d");
tctx.font=fontSize+'px '+fontFace;
tcanvas.width=3000;
tcanvas.height=3000;
var randomMaxX=tcanvas.width-40;
var randomMaxY=tcanvas.height-20;
var panX=-tcanvas.width/2;
var panY=-tcanvas.height/2;
var isDown=false;
var mx,my;
var textCount=1000;
for(var i=0;i<textCount;i++){
var text=(i+1000);
texts.push({
text:text,
x:parseInt(Math.random()*randomMaxX),
y:parseInt(Math.random()*randomMaxY)+20,
width:ctx.measureText(text).width,
height:fontSize+2,
});
}
var $textbox=$('#textbox');
$textbox.css('left',-200);
$textbox.blur(function(){
$textbox.css('left',-200);
var t=texts[$textbox.textsIndex]
t.text=$(this).val();
t.width=ctx.measureText(t.text).width;
textsToImage();
});
textsToImage();
$("#canvas").mousedown(function(e){handleMouseDown(e);});
$("#canvas").mousemove(function(e){handleMouseMove(e);});
$("#canvas").mouseup(function(e){handleMouseUpOut(e);});
$("#canvas").mouseout(function(e){handleMouseUpOut(e);});
// create one image from all texts[]
function textsToImage(){
tctx.clearRect(0,0,tcanvas.width,tcanvas.height);
for(var i=0;i<textCount;i++){
var t=texts[i];
tctx.fillText(t.text,t.x,t.y)
tctx.strokeRect(t.x,t.y-fontSize,t.width,t.height);
}
redraw();
}
function redraw(){
ctx.clearRect(0,0,canvas.width,canvas.height);
ctx.drawImage(tcanvas,panX,panY);
}
function handleMouseDown(e){
e.preventDefault();
e.stopPropagation();
mx=parseInt(e.clientX-offsetX);
my=parseInt(e.clientY-offsetY);
// is the mouse over a text?
var hit=false;
var x=mx-panX;
var y=my-panY;
for(var i=0;i<texts.length;i++){
var t=texts[i];
if(x>=t.x && x<=t.x+t.width && y>=t.y-fontSize && y<=t.y-fontSize+t.height){
$textbox.textsIndex=i;
$textbox.css({'width':t.width+5, 'left':t.x+panX, 'top':t.y+panY-fontSize});
$textbox.val(t.text);
$textbox.focus();
hit=true;
break;
}
}
// mouse is not over any text, so start panning
if(!hit){isDown=true;}
}
function handleMouseUpOut(e){
e.preventDefault();
e.stopPropagation();
isDown=false;
}
function handleMouseMove(e){
if(!isDown){return;}
e.preventDefault();
e.stopPropagation();
var mouseX=parseInt(e.clientX-offsetX);
var mouseY=parseInt(e.clientY-offsetY);
panX+=mouseX-mx;
panY+=mouseY-my;
mx=mouseX;
my=mouseY;
redraw();
}
body{ background-color: ivory; padding:10px; }
#wrapper{position:relative; border:1px solid blue; width:600px; height:600px;}
#textbox{position:absolute;}
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.9.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<h4>Click on #box to edit.<br>Tab to save changes.<br>Drag on non-text.</h4><br>
<div id=wrapper>
<input type=text id=textbox>
<canvas id="canvas" width=600 height=600></canvas>
</div>
<button></button>

I just run couple tests and it seems that moving absolutely positioned (position:absolute;) DOM elements (divs) with CSS transform:translate is even faster (by about 30%) than doing it via Canvas. But I was using CreateJS framework for the canvas job so my results may not hold for other use cases.

Simplest way to detect a pinch

This is a WEB APP not a native app. Please no Objective-C NS commands.
So I need to detect 'pinch' events on iOS. Problem is every plugin or method I see for doing gestures or multi-touch events, is (usually) with jQuery and is a whole additional pluggin for every gesture under the sun. My application is huge, and I am very sensitive to deadwood in my code. All I need is to detect a pinch, and using something like jGesture is just way to bloated for my simple needs.
Additionally, I have a limited understanding of how to detect a pinch manually. I can get the position of both fingers, can't seem to get the mix right to detect this. Does anyone have a simple snippet that JUST detects pinch?

Think about what a pinch event is: two fingers on an element, moving toward or away from each other.
Gesture events are, to my knowledge, a fairly new standard, so probably the safest way to go about this is to use touch events like so:
(ontouchstart event)
if (e.touches.length === 2) {
scaling = true;
pinchStart(e);
}
(ontouchmove event)
if (scaling) {
pinchMove(e);
}
(ontouchend event)
if (scaling) {
pinchEnd(e);
scaling = false;
}
To get the distance between the two fingers, use the hypot function:
var dist = Math.hypot(
e.touches[0].pageX - e.touches[1].pageX,
e.touches[0].pageY - e.touches[1].pageY);

You want to use the gesturestart, gesturechange, and gestureend events. These get triggered any time 2 or more fingers touch the screen.
Depending on what you need to do with the pinch gesture, your approach will need to be adjusted. The scale multiplier can be examined to determine how dramatic the user's pinch gesture was. See Apple's TouchEvent documentation for details about how the scale property will behave.
node.addEventListener('gestureend', function(e) {
if (e.scale < 1.0) {
// User moved fingers closer together
} else if (e.scale > 1.0) {
// User moved fingers further apart
}
}, false);
You could also intercept the gesturechange event to detect a pinch as it happens if you need it to make your app feel more responsive.

Hammer.js all the way! It handles "transforms" (pinches).
http://eightmedia.github.com/hammer.js/
But if you wish to implement it youself, i think that Jeffrey's answer is pretty solid.

Unfortunately, detecting pinch gestures across browsers is a not as simple as one would hope, but HammerJS makes it a lot easier!
Check out the Pinch Zoom and Pan with HammerJS demo. This example has been tested on Android, iOS and Windows Phone.
You can find the source code at Pinch Zoom and Pan with HammerJS.
For your convenience, here is the source code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport"
content="user-scalable=no, width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1">
<title>Pinch Zoom</title>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<div style="height:150px;background-color:#eeeeee">
Ignore this area. Space is needed to test on the iPhone simulator as pinch simulation on the
iPhone simulator requires the target to be near the middle of the screen and we only respect
touch events in the image area. This space is not needed in production.
</div>
<style>
.pinch-zoom-container {
overflow: hidden;
height: 300px;
}
.pinch-zoom-image {
width: 100%;
}
</style>
<script src="https://hammerjs.github.io/dist/hammer.js"></script>
<script>
var MIN_SCALE = 1; // 1=scaling when first loaded
var MAX_SCALE = 64;
// HammerJS fires "pinch" and "pan" events that are cumulative in nature and not
// deltas. Therefore, we need to store the "last" values of scale, x and y so that we can
// adjust the UI accordingly. It isn't until the "pinchend" and "panend" events are received
// that we can set the "last" values.
// Our "raw" coordinates are not scaled. This allows us to only have to modify our stored
// coordinates when the UI is updated. It also simplifies our calculations as these
// coordinates are without respect to the current scale.
var imgWidth = null;
var imgHeight = null;
var viewportWidth = null;
var viewportHeight = null;
var scale = null;
var lastScale = null;
var container = null;
var img = null;
var x = 0;
var lastX = 0;
var y = 0;
var lastY = 0;
var pinchCenter = null;
// We need to disable the following event handlers so that the browser doesn't try to
// automatically handle our image drag gestures.
var disableImgEventHandlers = function () {
var events = ['onclick', 'onmousedown', 'onmousemove', 'onmouseout', 'onmouseover',
'onmouseup', 'ondblclick', 'onfocus', 'onblur'];
events.forEach(function (event) {
img[event] = function () {
return false;
};
});
};
// Traverse the DOM to calculate the absolute position of an element
var absolutePosition = function (el) {
var x = 0,
y = 0;
while (el !== null) {
x += el.offsetLeft;
y += el.offsetTop;
el = el.offsetParent;
}
return { x: x, y: y };
};
var restrictScale = function (scale) {
if (scale < MIN_SCALE) {
scale = MIN_SCALE;
} else if (scale > MAX_SCALE) {
scale = MAX_SCALE;
}
return scale;
};
var restrictRawPos = function (pos, viewportDim, imgDim) {
if (pos < viewportDim/scale - imgDim) { // too far left/up?
pos = viewportDim/scale - imgDim;
} else if (pos > 0) { // too far right/down?
pos = 0;
}
return pos;
};
var updateLastPos = function (deltaX, deltaY) {
lastX = x;
lastY = y;
};
var translate = function (deltaX, deltaY) {
// We restrict to the min of the viewport width/height or current width/height as the
// current width/height may be smaller than the viewport width/height
var newX = restrictRawPos(lastX + deltaX/scale,
Math.min(viewportWidth, curWidth), imgWidth);
x = newX;
img.style.marginLeft = Math.ceil(newX*scale) + 'px';
var newY = restrictRawPos(lastY + deltaY/scale,
Math.min(viewportHeight, curHeight), imgHeight);
y = newY;
img.style.marginTop = Math.ceil(newY*scale) + 'px';
};
var zoom = function (scaleBy) {
scale = restrictScale(lastScale*scaleBy);
curWidth = imgWidth*scale;
curHeight = imgHeight*scale;
img.style.width = Math.ceil(curWidth) + 'px';
img.style.height = Math.ceil(curHeight) + 'px';
// Adjust margins to make sure that we aren't out of bounds
translate(0, 0);
};
var rawCenter = function (e) {
var pos = absolutePosition(container);
// We need to account for the scroll position
var scrollLeft = window.pageXOffset ? window.pageXOffset : document.body.scrollLeft;
var scrollTop = window.pageYOffset ? window.pageYOffset : document.body.scrollTop;
var zoomX = -x + (e.center.x - pos.x + scrollLeft)/scale;
var zoomY = -y + (e.center.y - pos.y + scrollTop)/scale;
return { x: zoomX, y: zoomY };
};
var updateLastScale = function () {
lastScale = scale;
};
var zoomAround = function (scaleBy, rawZoomX, rawZoomY, doNotUpdateLast) {
// Zoom
zoom(scaleBy);
// New raw center of viewport
var rawCenterX = -x + Math.min(viewportWidth, curWidth)/2/scale;
var rawCenterY = -y + Math.min(viewportHeight, curHeight)/2/scale;
// Delta
var deltaX = (rawCenterX - rawZoomX)*scale;
var deltaY = (rawCenterY - rawZoomY)*scale;
// Translate back to zoom center
translate(deltaX, deltaY);
if (!doNotUpdateLast) {
updateLastScale();
updateLastPos();
}
};
var zoomCenter = function (scaleBy) {
// Center of viewport
var zoomX = -x + Math.min(viewportWidth, curWidth)/2/scale;
var zoomY = -y + Math.min(viewportHeight, curHeight)/2/scale;
zoomAround(scaleBy, zoomX, zoomY);
};
var zoomIn = function () {
zoomCenter(2);
};
var zoomOut = function () {
zoomCenter(1/2);
};
var onLoad = function () {
img = document.getElementById('pinch-zoom-image-id');
container = img.parentElement;
disableImgEventHandlers();
imgWidth = img.width;
imgHeight = img.height;
viewportWidth = img.offsetWidth;
scale = viewportWidth/imgWidth;
lastScale = scale;
viewportHeight = img.parentElement.offsetHeight;
curWidth = imgWidth*scale;
curHeight = imgHeight*scale;
var hammer = new Hammer(container, {
domEvents: true
});
hammer.get('pinch').set({
enable: true
});
hammer.on('pan', function (e) {
translate(e.deltaX, e.deltaY);
});
hammer.on('panend', function (e) {
updateLastPos();
});
hammer.on('pinch', function (e) {
// We only calculate the pinch center on the first pinch event as we want the center to
// stay consistent during the entire pinch
if (pinchCenter === null) {
pinchCenter = rawCenter(e);
var offsetX = pinchCenter.x*scale - (-x*scale + Math.min(viewportWidth, curWidth)/2);
var offsetY = pinchCenter.y*scale - (-y*scale + Math.min(viewportHeight, curHeight)/2);
pinchCenterOffset = { x: offsetX, y: offsetY };
}
// When the user pinch zooms, she/he expects the pinch center to remain in the same
// relative location of the screen. To achieve this, the raw zoom center is calculated by
// first storing the pinch center and the scaled offset to the current center of the
// image. The new scale is then used to calculate the zoom center. This has the effect of
// actually translating the zoom center on each pinch zoom event.
var newScale = restrictScale(scale*e.scale);
var zoomX = pinchCenter.x*newScale - pinchCenterOffset.x;
var zoomY = pinchCenter.y*newScale - pinchCenterOffset.y;
var zoomCenter = { x: zoomX/newScale, y: zoomY/newScale };
zoomAround(e.scale, zoomCenter.x, zoomCenter.y, true);
});
hammer.on('pinchend', function (e) {
updateLastScale();
updateLastPos();
pinchCenter = null;
});
hammer.on('doubletap', function (e) {
var c = rawCenter(e);
zoomAround(2, c.x, c.y);
});
};
</script>
<button onclick="zoomIn()">Zoom In</button>
<button onclick="zoomOut()">Zoom Out</button>
<div class="pinch-zoom-container">
<img id="pinch-zoom-image-id" class="pinch-zoom-image" onload="onLoad()"
src="https://hammerjs.github.io/assets/img/pano-1.jpg">
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

detect two fingers pinch zoom on any element, easy and w/o hassle with 3rd party libs like Hammer.js (beware, hammer has issues with scrolling!)
function onScale(el, callback) {
let hypo = undefined;
el.addEventListener('touchmove', function(event) {
if (event.targetTouches.length === 2) {
let hypo1 = Math.hypot((event.targetTouches[0].pageX - event.targetTouches[1].pageX),
(event.targetTouches[0].pageY - event.targetTouches[1].pageY));
if (hypo === undefined) {
hypo = hypo1;
}
callback(hypo1/hypo);
}
}, false);
el.addEventListener('touchend', function(event) {
hypo = undefined;
}, false);
}

The simplest way is to respond to the 'wheel' event.
You need to call ev.preventDefault() to prevent the browser from doing a full screen zoom.
Browsers synthesize the 'wheel' event for pinches on a trackpad, and as a bonus you also handle mouse wheel events. This is the way mapping applications handle it.
More details in my example:
let element = document.getElementById('el');
let scale = 1.0;
element.addEventListener('wheel', (ev) => {
// This is crucial. Without it, the browser will do a full page zoom
ev.preventDefault();
// This is an empirically determined heuristic.
// Unfortunately I don't know of any way to do this better.
// Typical deltaY values from a trackpad pinch are under 1.0
// Typical deltaY values from a mouse wheel are more than 100.
let isPinch = Math.abs(ev.deltaY) < 50;
if (isPinch) {
// This is a pinch on a trackpad
let factor = 1 - 0.01 * ev.deltaY;
scale *= factor;
element.innerText = `Pinch: scale is ${scale}`;
} else {
// This is a mouse wheel
let strength = 1.4;
let factor = ev.deltaY < 0 ? strength : 1.0 / strength;
scale *= factor;
element.innerText = `Mouse: scale is ${scale}`;
}
});
<div id='el' style='width:400px; height:300px; background:#ffa'>
Scale: 1.0
</div>

None of these answers achieved what I was looking for, so I wound up writing something myself. I wanted to pinch-zoom an image on my website using my MacBookPro trackpad. The following code (which requires jQuery) seems to work in Chrome and Edge, at least. Maybe this will be of use to someone else.
function setupImageEnlargement(el)
{
// "el" represents the image element, such as the results of document.getElementByd('image-id')
var img = $(el);
$(window, 'html', 'body').bind('scroll touchmove mousewheel', function(e)
{
//TODO: need to limit this to when the mouse is over the image in question
//TODO: behavior not the same in Safari and FF, but seems to work in Edge and Chrome
if (typeof e.originalEvent != 'undefined' && e.originalEvent != null
&& e.originalEvent.wheelDelta != 'undefined' && e.originalEvent.wheelDelta != null)
{
e.preventDefault();
e.stopPropagation();
console.log(e);
if (e.originalEvent.wheelDelta > 0)
{
// zooming
var newW = 1.1 * parseFloat(img.width());
var newH = 1.1 * parseFloat(img.height());
if (newW < el.naturalWidth && newH < el.naturalHeight)
{
// Go ahead and zoom the image
//console.log('zooming the image');
img.css(
{
"width": newW + 'px',
"height": newH + 'px',
"max-width": newW + 'px',
"max-height": newH + 'px'
});
}
else
{
// Make image as big as it gets
//console.log('making it as big as it gets');
img.css(
{
"width": el.naturalWidth + 'px',
"height": el.naturalHeight + 'px',
"max-width": el.naturalWidth + 'px',
"max-height": el.naturalHeight + 'px'
});
}
}
else if (e.originalEvent.wheelDelta < 0)
{
// shrinking
var newW = 0.9 * parseFloat(img.width());
var newH = 0.9 * parseFloat(img.height());
//TODO: I had added these data-attributes to the image onload.
// They represent the original width and height of the image on the screen.
// If your image is normally 100% width, you may need to change these values on resize.
var origW = parseFloat(img.attr('data-startwidth'));
var origH = parseFloat(img.attr('data-startheight'));
if (newW > origW && newH > origH)
{
// Go ahead and shrink the image
//console.log('shrinking the image');
img.css(
{
"width": newW + 'px',
"height": newH + 'px',
"max-width": newW + 'px',
"max-height": newH + 'px'
});
}
else
{
// Make image as small as it gets
//console.log('making it as small as it gets');
// This restores the image to its original size. You may want
//to do this differently, like by removing the css instead of defining it.
img.css(
{
"width": origW + 'px',
"height": origH + 'px',
"max-width": origW + 'px',
"max-height": origH + 'px'
});
}
}
}
});
}

My answer is inspired by Jeffrey's answer. Where that answer gives a more abstract solution, I try to provide more concrete steps on how to potentially implement it. This is simply a guide, one that can be implemented more elegantly. For a more detailed example check out this tutorial by MDN web docs.
HTML:
<div id="zoom_here">....</div>
JS
<script>
var dist1=0;
function start(ev) {
if (ev.targetTouches.length == 2) {//check if two fingers touched screen
dist1 = Math.hypot( //get rough estimate of distance between two fingers
ev.touches[0].pageX - ev.touches[1].pageX,
ev.touches[0].pageY - ev.touches[1].pageY);
}
}
function move(ev) {
if (ev.targetTouches.length == 2 && ev.changedTouches.length == 2) {
// Check if the two target touches are the same ones that started
var dist2 = Math.hypot(//get rough estimate of new distance between fingers
ev.touches[0].pageX - ev.touches[1].pageX,
ev.touches[0].pageY - ev.touches[1].pageY);
//alert(dist);
if(dist1>dist2) {//if fingers are closer now than when they first touched screen, they are pinching
alert('zoom out');
}
if(dist1<dist2) {//if fingers are further apart than when they first touched the screen, they are making the zoomin gesture
alert('zoom in');
}
}
}
document.getElementById ('zoom_here').addEventListener ('touchstart', start, false);
document.getElementById('zoom_here').addEventListener('touchmove', move, false);
</script>

Its same as commented by Jeffrey Sweeney, Full example to how to implement in your class.
this.touch.isPinch = false;
this.touc.pinchStart = 0;
this.touch.onTouchStart = (e) => {
if (e.touches.length === 2) {
this.touch.pinchStart = Math.hypot(e.touches[0].pageX - e.touches[1].pageX, e.touches[0].pageY - e.touches[1].pageY);
this.touch.isScaling = true;
}
}
this.touch.onTouchMove = (e) => {
if (this.touch.isScaling) {
const distance = Math.hypot(e.touches[0].pageX - e.touches[1].pageX, e.touches[0].pageY - e.touches[1].pageY);
if (this.touch.pinchStart >= 200 && distance <= 90) this.touchPichOut(); //call function for pinchOut
if (this.touch.pinchStart <= 100 && distance >= 280) this.touchPichIn(); //call function for pinchIn
}
}
this.touch.onTouchCancel = (e) => {
this.touch.isScaling = false;
}
this.touch.onTouchEnd = (e) => {
if (this.touch.isScaling) this.touch.isScaling = false;
}
Regards