Replace HTML page with contents retrieved via AJAX - javascript

I have an HTML page with a typical structure:
<html>
<head>
<script src="..." ></script>
<style>...</style>
</head>
<body>
content
</body>
<script>
var success_callback = function(data) {
// REPLACE PAGE CONTENT & STRUCTURE WITH "data"
}
ajax(url, params, success_callback);
</script>
</html>
Do you think it is possible ? I've already tried to give the html tag an id and doing $(id).replace(data); with no success.
Don't ask me why, but that is what I need (I'm working with a special "mashup builder" site... it is a long story).
EDIT : I forgot to say that scripts in the received content have to be executed, even external scripts included using <script src="...">.

The simplest way is to set the new HTML content using:
document.open();
document.write(newContent);
document.close();

try this with jQuery:
$('body').load( url,[data],[callback] );
Read more at docs.jquery.com / Ajax / load

Here's how to do it in Prototype: $(id).update(data)
And jQuery: $('#id').replaceWith(data)
But document.getElementById(id).innerHTML=data should work too.
EDIT: Prototype and jQuery automatically evaluate scripts for you.

You could try doing
document.getElementById(id).innerHTML = ajax_response

the simplest way is
$("body").html(data);

Can't you just try to replace the body content with the document.body handler?
if your page is this:
<html>
<body>
blablabla
<script type="text/javascript">
document.body.innerHTML="hi!";
</script>
</body>
</html>
Just use the document.body to replace the body.
This works for me. All the content of the BODY tag is replaced by the innerHTML you specify.
If you need to even change the html tag and all childs you should check out which tags of the 'document.' are capable of doing so.
An example with javascript scripting inside it:
<html>
<body>
blablabla
<script type="text/javascript">
var changeme = "<button onClick=\"document.bgColor = \'#000000\'\">click</button>";
document.body.innerHTML=changeme;
</script>
</body>
This way you can do javascript scripting inside the new content. Don't forget to escape all double and single quotes though, or it won't work. escaping in javascript can be done by traversing your code and putting a backslash in front of all singe and double quotes.
Bare in mind that server side scripting like php doesn't work this way. Since PHP is server-side scripting it has to be processed before a page is loaded. Javascript is a language which works on client-side and thus can not activate the re-processing of php code.

I'm assuming you are using jQuery or something similar. If you are using jQuery, then the following should work:
<html>
<head>
<script src="jquery.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
</head>
<body>
content
</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
$("body").load(url);
</script>
</html>

Related

Is it possible to define a function in <body> tag of <html> and call it form the <script> tag

I am new to HTML and Javascript, and I have a strange doubt
Is it possible to define a function in "body" tag of html and call it form the "script" tag
Till now i am trying this...
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script>
myFunction()
</script>
</head>
<body>
function myFunction()
{
alert("Hello World!");
}
</body>
</html>
No not possible. Browser only understands javascript within the <script> tag.
It will not work, try this,
<html>
<body>
<script>// don't miss script tags for javscript code
function myFunction()
{
alert("Hello World!");
}
</script>
<script>
myFunction(); // call if you have defined function earlier
</script>
</body>
</html>
IMHO:
<html>
<head>
<script>
function myFunction()
{
alert("Hello World!");
}
myFunction();
</script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
or you can use body Onload.
No U cant do it.....U should put js function within the script tag.....
you can do like this
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script>
myFunction();
function myFunction()
{
alert("Hello World!");
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
<script>
function myFunction()
{
alert("Hello World!");
}
myFunction()
</script>
</body>
</html>
I agree with Rohan but just to check I removed the 2nd pair of script tags and called the function in the same script block as it was defined and it worked but this is not normally the way things are done and this is not normally the use of an embedded JavaScript (js)
Doing a little extra research to find the best/optimum place for embedded js appears to be at the bottom of a webpage before the /body (closing body) tag
Here's a link to Yahoo's "speed up your website" guide:
Yahoo! Developer Network: Best Practices for Speeding Up Your Web Site
and here's the text from the page that refers to embedded js:
Put Scripts at the Bottom
tag: javascript
The problem caused by scripts is that they block parallel downloads. The HTTP/1.1 specification suggests that browsers download no more than two components in parallel per hostname. If you serve your images from multiple hostnames, you can get more than two downloads to occur in parallel. While a script is downloading, however, the browser won't start any other downloads, even on different hostnames.
In some situations it's not easy to move scripts to the bottom. If, for example, the script uses document.write to insert part of the page's content, it can't be moved lower in the page. There might also be scoping issues. In many cases, there are ways to workaround these situations.
An alternative suggestion that often comes up is to use deferred scripts. The DEFER attribute indicates that the script does not contain document.write, and is a clue to browsers that they can continue rendering. Unfortunately, Firefox doesn't support the DEFER attribute. In Internet Explorer, the script may be deferred, but not as much as desired. If a script can be deferred, it can also be moved to the bottom of the page. That will make your web pages load faster.
Also, if you go to the site and click the JavaScript tag you get a whole list of optimisations and tips - refer to the image!

Simple jQuery .load Example Not Working

I'm sure this is a fairly basic question, but I'm relatively new to jQuery so was hoping someone might be able to help.
Basically, I need to load an HTML snippet into a page. This works fine when the snippet contains just HTML, but not when it contains a script.
I've stripped down my code to the bare minimum for clarity. This is index.html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.10.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Heading</h1>
<div id="banner"></div>
<script>
$(document).ready(function(){
$('#banner').load('banner.html');
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
And banner.html contains just the following (as an example):
<h2>Subheading</h2>
<script>
document.write('Hello');
</script>
The script is executed, but for some reason it strips out the rest of the HTML in both index.html and banner.html (i.e. it just displays "Hello" and nothing else).
Any help greatly appreciated!
document.write after the page has load writes to the document, and at the same overwrites everything else currently in the document, that's why you end up with only the string "hello".
Just remove the document write :
<h2>Subheading</h2>
<p id="test"></p>
<script>
document.getElementById('test').innerHTML = 'hello';
</script>
that is becuase when banner.html is loaded .. the script inside banner.html get executed, which writes "hello" in your document(the document here is your entire index.html)
one way to understand this is by replacing certain content of banner.html rather than the whole document.
banner.html
<h2>Subheading</h2>
<div id="divID"></div>
<script>
$('#divID').html('hello'); //using jquery .. gets the element with id as divID and replace the HTML
</script>
here i am replacing just the div whose id is "divID" rather than replacing the enrite document

Javascript: Can't get element using getElementById [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
Why does jQuery or a DOM method such as getElementById not find the element?
(6 answers)
Closed 6 years ago.
Ok. I need fresh eyes because I'm still on this s***d problem for one hour!
Here is my simple HTML code (testssio.html) that include javascript script:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript">
var ssio = document.getElementById('ssio');
ssio.html = "it finally works!";
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="ssio"></div>
</body>
</html>
But it doesn't work! Using the debugger, I get:
Uncaught TypeError: Cannot set property 'html' of null /testssio/:6
Does anyone get it? I know it's not the correct place to look for debugging help, but I'll be crazy if I don't get it! So please, any help?
Tahnks in advance.
The reason for this is that scripts in the head load before the page is rendered. This means your content is not yet rendered and therefore not a part of document.
If you want to see this work, try moving your script below the element renders, like this:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
<div id="ssio"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var ssio = document.getElementById('ssio');
ssio.innerHTML = "it finally works!";
</script>
</body>
</html>
A more standardized way of doing this is with events. Many people use jQuery but it can be done with plain js. This would mean changing your script like this:
<script type="text/javascript">
function WinLoad() {
var ssio = document.getElementById('ssio');
ssio.innerHTML = "It finally works!";
}
window.onload = WinLoad;
</script>
This way you can still leave it in the <head>.
Also, using .html is from jQuery. It is generally used as .html(content). If you want to use the plain javascript version use .innerHTML = content.
I mention jQuery so much because it is a highly used API. This quote is from their site:
jQuery is a fast and concise JavaScript Library that simplifies HTML document traversing, event handling, animating, and Ajax interactions for rapid web development. jQuery is designed to change the way that you write JavaScript.
Your code is running too early before the DOM is loaded and thus document.getElementById() doesn't find the element in the document yet.
You can either move your script tag down to right before the </body> tag or you can wait for the DOM to load before running your code with either the window onload event or a DOMReady event.
There are two errors here. First, you need to put the SCRIPT tag after the element. Second, it's not .html, but .innerHTML. So here is the corrected code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
<div id="ssio"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var ssio = document.getElementById('ssio');
ssio.innerHTML = "it finally works!";
</script>
</body>
</html>
you can use something like this
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript">
document.onload= function(){
var ssio = document.getElementById('ssio');
ssio.html = "it finally works!";
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="ssio"></div>

What's it called when you declare javascript in the <head>

What's it called when you declare javascript in the <head>? It's not external, and it's not inline...it's called something else. What is it?
<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript">
function message()
{
alert("This alert box was called with the onload event");
}
</script>
</head>
<body onload="message()">
</body>
</html>
edit: google helped me find the word i was looking for - internal. i saw it used in the context of external/internal/inline css. is internal javascript an appropriate term?
Inline is any javascript that's literally embedded in a page, whether it's in the head or body. If it's in an external file you include via <script src="..."><script>, then it's not inline anymore.
It is inline JavaScript, it's just inline in the head, rather than inline in the body.

Get entire content of page?

So is it possible to snag the entire content of a page in its current state. For example, if interacting with a page, via jquery, I've modified the document by either inserting content, or by adding or removing class names. Is it possible to get the markup of this document in its current form from starting html tag to html tag?
Something like
document.documentElement.innerHTML
This doesn't include the <html> opening and closing tags
Can't you just get the root object in the DOM and call innerHTML to get it all?
just call $('html').html() using jquery to get page source.
<html>
<head>
<title>Just a test</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.3.2/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function() {
$('#showContent').click(function(event){
event.preventDefault();
var pageSource = '<html>' + $('html').html() +'</html>';
alert(pageSource);
});
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<a href="#" id="showContent" >show content</a>
</body>
</html>

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