Let us consider following example
const date = new Date(0);
date.setSeconds(60*60*24-1);
console.log(date.toISOString().substr(11, 8));
outputs
23:59:59
I am searching for elegant way to have
const date = new Date(0);
date.setSeconds(60*60*24+1);
console.log(date.toISOString().substr(11, 8));
output
24:00:01
instead of
00:00:01
by elegant I mean without implementing my own Date object... Maybe it would be possible to set a custom length of the day? Increase from 24h to 99h?
You can set the hour cycle in the hour cycle option (hc) and the language parameter available in the Intl.DateTimeFormat constructor and toLocaleTimeString, e.g.
console.log(
new Date(2020,7,1,0,5).toLocaleTimeString('en-CA-u-hc-h24')
);
Whether the hour cycle setting "works" or not seems to depend on the language chosen and how it's set, so maybe not that reliable. Test thoroughly in different implementations.
Many thanks to #RobG who understood my question. The hour cycle is what I needed, unfortunately according to the docs it is restricted to values h11, h12, h23, h24 and I would need h99 which is not available.
Eventually I had to make my own ugly solution as it appears such a use case was not predicted in the standard, so here it is
function unfortunatelyWeHadToWriteIt(nbsec) {
// compute numerical values
const nbhours = Math.floor(nbsec/(60*60));
const nbminutes = Math.floor((nbsec - nbhours*60*60)/60)
const nbseconds = Math.floor(nbsec - nbhours*60*60 - nbminutes*60);
// convert them to padded strings
const hours = String(nbhours).padStart(2, '0');
const minutes = String(nbminutes).padStart(2, '0');
const seconds = String(nbseconds).padStart(2, '0');
// format
return `${hours}:${minutes}:${seconds}`;
}
so let's compare it to the Date formatting
// 27 hours, 13 minutes and 6 seconds
const nbsec = 60*60*27+13*60+6;
what Date will give us
const date = new Date(0);
date.setSeconds(nbsec);
console.log(date.toISOString().substr(11, 8));
outputs 03:13:06, it overflows at value of 24 hours. Now let's apply the unfortunatelyWeHadToWriteIt function
console.log(unfortunatelyWeHadToWriteIt(nbsec))
outputs 27:13:06 which does not overflow.
Just to give you guys some context, I am playing games and displaying the playtime. It is more convenient to show number of hours than number of days of gameplay...
Related
I have a date selector and a time selector, and I'm trying to figure out how I can combine their outputs to make a single ISOString so that I can use with the google calendar API.
Here's what I've tried:
//date = 2022-05-18
//time = 14:22
const apptdate = new Date(date)
const timeSplit = time.split(':')
apptDate.setHours(timeSplit[0])
apptDate.setMinutes(timeSplit[1])
What I notice is when I console.log(apptdate) this is the output I get: 2022-05-17T18:22:00.000Z
I'm not sure why it changes the day from May 18 to May 17, and the time from 14:22 to 18:22.
Does anyone have a solution for this? Or even a completely different way of combining date and time to one string (other than using a datetime-local input format, I want to keep the date and time separate in my database).
"2022-05-18" is parsed as UTC but apptDate.setHours(timeSplit[0]) sets the local hour. So if the host has a negative offset, the local date is 17 May and the time is set to the local hour on 17 May, not UTC hour on 18 May.
Instead use setUTCHours and setUTCMinutes.
let date = '2022-05-18';
let time = '14:22';
let apptDate = new Date(date);
let timeSplit = time.split(':');
apptDate.setUTCHours(timeSplit[0]);
apptDate.setUTCMinutes(timeSplit[1]);
// 2022-05-18T14:22:00.000Z
console.log(apptDate.toISOString());
PS. There was also a typo: let apptdate then later apptDate.
I have a start time to which i would like to add an end time to.
for example
startTime=19:09
endTime=00:51 // 0 hours and 51 minutes
i want to add the 51 minutes to the 19:09 to make it 20:00.
I have tried multiple different scenarios as showing bellow but nothing is giving me the correct time
i tried
let [hour, minute] = endTime.split(':').map(Number);
this.endTime = Moment(startTime)).add({ hour: 'hours', minute: 'minutes' }) // also tried .add(hour,'hours').add(minute,'minutes')
which still outputs 19:09. its just ignoring my end time
i tried
Moment(endTime, 'hh:mm').add(Moment.duration(startTime)).format("hh:mm");
which gives me an output of 08:00 when it should be 20:00
What am i doing wrong?
i want to add the end time to a start time.
Keep in mind that my endTime is always changing so sometimes it could be 13:05 etc cause its a user input
There are three major issues with your code:
Creating a moment with a timestamp alone (ie something like moment('19:09') without a date) like you do is deprecated and throws an error. You either have to pass in a fully specified timestamp in RFC2822 or ISO format or explicitely tell the library, what input format you are using.
The object you are passing to the add() function literally is
{
hour: "hours",
minute: "minutes"
}
ie, instead of passing the numerical values for hours and minutes to add to your
moment, you are passing the strings "hours" and "minutes", which obviously
momentsjs can't handle.
The format hh:mm only accepts hours from 0 to 12. If you want a 24-hour clock you have to use HH:mm
Taking these issues into account, the following snippet works as expected:
let start = '2021-01-07 19:09',
duration = '0:51',
starttime = '19:09';
let [hour, minute] = duration.split(":");
//shorthand initialization for the argument
let endtime1 = moment(start).add({hour, minute}).toString();
//explicit definition of property names
let endtime2 = moment(start).add({hours: hour, minutes: minute}).toString();
//add hours and minutes separately
let endtime3 = moment(start).add(hour, "hours").add(minute, "minutes").toString();
//provide a format for the timestamp. momentsjs will take the current date for the date value
let endtime4 = moment(starttime, "HH:mm").add(hour, "hours").add(minute, "minutes").toString();
console.log(endtime1);
console.log(endtime2);
console.log(endtime3);
console.log(endtime4);
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/moment.js/2.29.1/moment.min.js"></script>
Also keep in mind, that for specifiying which part of the timestamp to manipulate, you can either use singular or plural wording. Ie
moment(...).add(4, "hour").add(17, "minute") and moment(...).add({hour: 4, minute: 17})
is equivalent to
moment(...).add(4, "hours").add(17, "minutes") and moment(...).add({hours: 4, minutes: 17})
respectively as can also be seen in the snippet with the creation of endtime1 and endtime2
You need to convert your duration into a single unit as minutes, seconds, days etc...
Then you can use the following snippet to add duration.
you can uses moment methods to convert your duration
const mins = moment.duration(10, "hour").asMinutes();
const someTime = moment('19:09',"HH:mm");
const data = someTime.add('51','minutes').format("HH:mm")
//More clever solution would be
const data2 = someTime.add(1, "hours").add(51, "minutes").format("HH:mm")
console.log(data)
console.log(data2)
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/moment.js/2.29.1/moment.min.js"></script>
I am getting time from server as "19:30" but it needs to be converted to "Pacific/Easter time zone.
I have tried things like
let t = "19:30:00";
let utc = moment.utc(t);
let z = moment(utc).utcOffset(-300).format('HH:mm');
But I am going wrong somewhere.
I have seen in my dev app version that it is being converted to 14:30 which is like -5:00 hours.
So, how do I get similar result for this?
Here's something else that I tried
let t = "19:30:00";
let tt = moment.tz(t, "UTC");
let nt = tt.clone().tz("Pacific/Easter");
and I am getting nt as "19:30:00" also. so , it's not converting at all
this is the one that seems to be working.
but it's not showing the correct result
let t = "19:30:00";
let utc = moment.utc(t, 'HH:mm:ss');
let z = utc.tz('Pacific/Easter').format('HH:mm');
console.log(z);
it should show the result as 19:30 -5 hours which should be 14:30,
but it shows the result as 13:30. so, anyone knows why this is happening??
You have to use tz() function from moment-timezone.
Since your input (19:30:00) is not in ISO 8601/RFC 2822 recognized format you have to parse it using moment.utc(String, String) passing 'HH:mm:ss' as second parameter.
Then you can convert your moment object to given timezone using tz().
Please note that, even if you are providing only time, you are creating a moment object that includes date. As Default section of the docs states:
You can create a moment object specifying only some of the units, and the rest will be defaulted to the current day, month or year, or 0 for hours, minutes, seconds and milliseconds.
'Pacific/Easter' uses Daylight Saving Time (see full info here) so the conversion depends on date and DST.
If you want to use fixed offset (no DST), you can use utcOffset():
Setting the UTC offset by supplying minutes. Note that once you set an offset, it's fixed and won't change on its own (i.e there are no DST rules).
If the input is less than 16 and greater than -16, it will interpret your input as hours instead.
Here a live sample:
let t = "19:30:00";
let utc = moment.utc(t, 'HH:mm:ss');
let z = utc.tz('Pacific/Easter').format('HH:mm');
console.log(z);
// DST
console.log( moment.utc('2018-09-01 19:30:00').tz('Pacific/Easter').format('HH:mm') );
// No DST
console.log( moment.utc('2018-06-01 19:30:00').tz('Pacific/Easter').format('HH:mm') );
// Fixed offset
console.log( moment.utc('19:30:00', 'HH:mm:ss').utcOffset(-5).format('HH:mm') );
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/moment.js/2.22.2/moment.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/moment-timezone/0.5.17/moment-timezone-with-data-2012-2022.min.js"></script>
You need moment-timezone to get this working.
var newYork = moment.tz("2014-06-01 12:00", "America/New_York");
var losAngeles = newYork.clone().tz("America/Los_Angeles");
How do I calculate the difference in minutes given two strings. For example say I have
11:00
11:30
But of course the second string could be 12:11 so I can't subtract just the minutes.
first use javascript to convert the strings to time, then subtract, then convert back to strings
like this:
x = new Date("1/1/01 11:00")
y = new Date("1/1/01 11:30")
// now y-x has difference in milliseconds
// (y-x)/1000 is difference in seconds, etc
The data 1/1/01 is just being used as a dummy value, but the one thing you might have to worry about is are the times on different days, if so you will have to use 1/2/01 for the second time. Unless of course you always know the times are in the same day, but if they can cross "midnight" then you have to adjust for that.
You may want to use http://momentjs.com/ which will take care of the details for you.
When looking for getting metrics such as date , hour , minutes, seconds from the date difference, it's a lot easier to use basic notations as listed here
var x = new Date(new Date().getTime() + 11.5*60*60000); // adds 11 hours - 30 minutes
var y = new Date(new Date().getTime() + 11*60*60000); // adds 11 hours
alert(x.getMinutes() - y.getMinutes()); // gives the difference = 30
Here's an example : https://jsfiddle.net/DinoMyte/157knmgn/
I'm trying to get from a time formatted Cell (hh:mm:ss) the hour value, the values can be bigger 24:00:00 for example 20000:00:00 should give 20000:
Table:
if your read the Value of E1:
var total = sheet.getRange("E1").getValue();
Logger.log(total);
The result is:
Sat Apr 12 07:09:21 GMT+00:09 1902
Now I've tried to convert it to a Date object and get the Unix time stamp of it:
var date = new Date(total);
var milsec = date.getTime();
Logger.log(Utilities.formatString("%11.6f",milsec));
var hours = milsec / 1000 / 60 / 60;
Logger.log(hours)
1374127872020.000000
381702.1866722222
The question is how to get the correct value of 20000 ?
Expanding on what Serge did, I wrote some functions that should be a bit easier to read and take into account timezone differences between the spreadsheet and the script.
function getValueAsSeconds(range) {
var value = range.getValue();
// Get the date value in the spreadsheet's timezone.
var spreadsheetTimezone = range.getSheet().getParent().getSpreadsheetTimeZone();
var dateString = Utilities.formatDate(value, spreadsheetTimezone,
'EEE, d MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss');
var date = new Date(dateString);
// Initialize the date of the epoch.
var epoch = new Date('Dec 30, 1899 00:00:00');
// Calculate the number of milliseconds between the epoch and the value.
var diff = date.getTime() - epoch.getTime();
// Convert the milliseconds to seconds and return.
return Math.round(diff / 1000);
}
function getValueAsMinutes(range) {
return getValueAsSeconds(range) / 60;
}
function getValueAsHours(range) {
return getValueAsMinutes(range) / 60;
}
You can use these functions like so:
var range = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSheet().getRange('A1');
Logger.log(getValueAsHours(range));
Needless to say, this is a lot of work to get the number of hours from a range. Please star Issue 402 which is a feature request to have the ability to get the literal string value from a cell.
There are two new functions getDisplayValue() and getDisplayValues() that returns the datetime or anything exactly the way it looks to you on a Spreadsheet. Check out the documentation here
The value you see (Sat Apr 12 07:09:21 GMT+00:09 1902) is the equivalent date in Javascript standard time that is 20000 hours later than ref date.
you should simply remove the spreadsheet reference value from your result to get what you want.
This code does the trick :
function getHours(){
var sh = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSpreadsheet();
var cellValue = sh.getRange('E1').getValue();
var eqDate = new Date(cellValue);// this is the date object corresponding to your cell value in JS standard
Logger.log('Cell Date in JS format '+eqDate)
Logger.log('ref date in JS '+new Date(0,0,0,0,0,0));
var testOnZero = eqDate.getTime();Logger.log('Use this with a cell value = 0 to check the value to use in the next line of code '+testOnZero);
var hours = (eqDate.getTime()+ 2.2091616E12 )/3600000 ; // getTime retrieves the value in milliseconds, 2.2091616E12 is the difference between javascript ref and spreadsheet ref.
Logger.log('Value in hours with offset correction : '+hours); // show result in hours (obtained by dividing by 3600000)
}
note : this code gets only hours , if your going to have minutes and/or seconds then it should be developped to handle that too... let us know if you need it.
EDIT : a word of explanation...
Spreadsheets use a reference date of 12/30/1899 while Javascript is using 01/01/1970, that means there is a difference of 25568 days between both references. All this assuming we use the same time zone in both systems. When we convert a date value in a spreadsheet to a javascript date object the GAS engine automatically adds the difference to keep consistency between dates.
In this case we don't want to know the real date of something but rather an absolute hours value, ie a "duration", so we need to remove the 25568 day offset. This is done using the getTime() method that returns milliseconds counted from the JS reference date, the only thing we have to know is the value in milliseconds of the spreadsheet reference date and substract this value from the actual date object. Then a bit of maths to get hours instead of milliseconds and we're done.
I know this seems a bit complicated and I'm not sure my attempt to explain will really clarify the question but it's always worth trying isn't it ?
Anyway the result is what we needed as long as (as stated in the comments) one adjust the offset value according to the time zone settings of the spreadsheet. It would of course be possible to let the script handle that automatically but it would have make the script more complex, not sure it's really necessary.
For simple spreadsheets you may be able to change your spreadsheet timezone to GMT without daylight saving and use this short conversion function:
function durationToSeconds(value) {
var timezoneName = SpreadsheetApp.getActive().getSpreadsheetTimeZone();
if (timezoneName != "Etc/GMT") {
throw new Error("Timezone must be GMT to handle time durations, found " + timezoneName);
}
return (Number(value) + 2209161600000) / 1000;
}
Eric Koleda's answer is in many ways more general. I wrote this while trying to understand how it handles the corner cases with the spreadsheet timezone, browser timezone and the timezone changes in 1900 in Alaska and Stockholm.
Make a cell somewhere with a duration value of "00:00:00". This cell will be used as a reference. Could be a hidden cell, or a cell in a different sheet with config values. E.g. as below:
then write a function with two parameters - 1) value you want to process, and 2) reference value of "00:00:00". E.g.:
function gethours(val, ref) {
let dv = new Date(val)
let dr = new Date(ref)
return (dv.getTime() - dr.getTime())/(1000*60*60)
}
Since whatever Sheets are doing with the Duration type is exactly the same for both, we can now convert them to Dates and subtract, which gives correct value. In the code example above I used .getTime() which gives number of milliseconds since Jan 1, 1970, ... .
If we tried to compute what is exactly happening to the value, and make corrections, code gets too complicated.
One caveat: if the number of hours is very large say 200,000:00:00 there is substantial fractional value showing up since days/years are not exactly 24hrs/365days (? speculating here). Specifically, 200000:00:00 gives 200,000.16 as a result.