How do I calculate the difference in minutes given two strings. For example say I have
11:00
11:30
But of course the second string could be 12:11 so I can't subtract just the minutes.
first use javascript to convert the strings to time, then subtract, then convert back to strings
like this:
x = new Date("1/1/01 11:00")
y = new Date("1/1/01 11:30")
// now y-x has difference in milliseconds
// (y-x)/1000 is difference in seconds, etc
The data 1/1/01 is just being used as a dummy value, but the one thing you might have to worry about is are the times on different days, if so you will have to use 1/2/01 for the second time. Unless of course you always know the times are in the same day, but if they can cross "midnight" then you have to adjust for that.
You may want to use http://momentjs.com/ which will take care of the details for you.
When looking for getting metrics such as date , hour , minutes, seconds from the date difference, it's a lot easier to use basic notations as listed here
var x = new Date(new Date().getTime() + 11.5*60*60000); // adds 11 hours - 30 minutes
var y = new Date(new Date().getTime() + 11*60*60000); // adds 11 hours
alert(x.getMinutes() - y.getMinutes()); // gives the difference = 30
Here's an example : https://jsfiddle.net/DinoMyte/157knmgn/
Related
Let us consider following example
const date = new Date(0);
date.setSeconds(60*60*24-1);
console.log(date.toISOString().substr(11, 8));
outputs
23:59:59
I am searching for elegant way to have
const date = new Date(0);
date.setSeconds(60*60*24+1);
console.log(date.toISOString().substr(11, 8));
output
24:00:01
instead of
00:00:01
by elegant I mean without implementing my own Date object... Maybe it would be possible to set a custom length of the day? Increase from 24h to 99h?
You can set the hour cycle in the hour cycle option (hc) and the language parameter available in the Intl.DateTimeFormat constructor and toLocaleTimeString, e.g.
console.log(
new Date(2020,7,1,0,5).toLocaleTimeString('en-CA-u-hc-h24')
);
Whether the hour cycle setting "works" or not seems to depend on the language chosen and how it's set, so maybe not that reliable. Test thoroughly in different implementations.
Many thanks to #RobG who understood my question. The hour cycle is what I needed, unfortunately according to the docs it is restricted to values h11, h12, h23, h24 and I would need h99 which is not available.
Eventually I had to make my own ugly solution as it appears such a use case was not predicted in the standard, so here it is
function unfortunatelyWeHadToWriteIt(nbsec) {
// compute numerical values
const nbhours = Math.floor(nbsec/(60*60));
const nbminutes = Math.floor((nbsec - nbhours*60*60)/60)
const nbseconds = Math.floor(nbsec - nbhours*60*60 - nbminutes*60);
// convert them to padded strings
const hours = String(nbhours).padStart(2, '0');
const minutes = String(nbminutes).padStart(2, '0');
const seconds = String(nbseconds).padStart(2, '0');
// format
return `${hours}:${minutes}:${seconds}`;
}
so let's compare it to the Date formatting
// 27 hours, 13 minutes and 6 seconds
const nbsec = 60*60*27+13*60+6;
what Date will give us
const date = new Date(0);
date.setSeconds(nbsec);
console.log(date.toISOString().substr(11, 8));
outputs 03:13:06, it overflows at value of 24 hours. Now let's apply the unfortunatelyWeHadToWriteIt function
console.log(unfortunatelyWeHadToWriteIt(nbsec))
outputs 27:13:06 which does not overflow.
Just to give you guys some context, I am playing games and displaying the playtime. It is more convenient to show number of hours than number of days of gameplay...
I have this code here:
var date = a.created_at_timestamp.substring(0,10)
var time = a.created_at_timestamp.substring(11,19)
And both these values return strings with these values:
date = 2020-05-19 //
Time = 17:00:08
I need to subtract 3 hours since it's coming in GMT time and I'm on GMT-3. Therefore, I thought about adding them together, subtracting three hours, and putting them apart again. Something like:
Orig Date: 20/05/19 //
Orig Time: 20:15:19
Time + Date: 20/05/19 20:15 //
Time + Date - 3h: 20/05/19 17:15
New Date: 20/05/19 00:00 //
New Time: 17:15:19
I tried converting it to milliseconds as suggested in other post here, doing with formulas, where a function would trigger formulas adding both cells, which I was able to do, but couldn't tear them apart together. In addition, if possible, I'd like to do it inside the script.
Can someone help me with that?
I'm new at this and I'm somewhat used to VBA. Tried some things from VBA, but they don't really apply here.
Instead of having separate strings for date and time, it'd likely be easier to just create a new Date object with both combined.
var dateTime = new Date(a.created_at_timestamp.substring(0,19));
You can then subtract 3 hours by doing:
var timeOffset = 3 * 60 * 60 * 1000; // 3hrs of millis
var offsetDate = new Date(dateTime.getTime() - timeOffset);
I'm trying to get the time in seconds that passed since 00:00:00 of today. e.g at 13pm I want to get that 13*60*60*1000 seconds have passed.
I tried using moment().valueOf() but I get the unix epoch time although it states in other questions that it's supposed to retrieve what I'm looking for.
(I'm using moment js in react native for that matter)
moment() gives you the current time.
moment().startOf('day') gives you the start of the current day.
(moment() - moment().startOf('day')) will give you the current number of milliseconds since the start of the day.
Divide that by 1000 and you've got the number of seconds since the start of the day.
var seconds = (moment() - moment().startOf('day')) / 1000;
You want to get the current time, and subtract it by the time at the very start of the day.
const now = new moment()
const dayStart = new moment().format('YYYY MM DD')
const msSinceStart = now.diff(dayStart)
I have a start and end time in the format of HH:MM and I need to get the total time in hours. I have tried a couple methods like trimming the string to an hour and minutes then multiplying the hours by 60 and adding the minutes but since the minute string is two digits, 00 I get an answer that is a power of ten greater than what I need. I also feel like this approach is inefficient.
So what is the best way to subtract 04:30 and 22:00? I also have access to moment.js if that is helpful.
Using moment.js' difference
var a = moment('22:00', 'HH:mm');
var b = moment('04:30', 'HH:mm');
a.diff(b, 'hours', true)
I'm trying to get from a time formatted Cell (hh:mm:ss) the hour value, the values can be bigger 24:00:00 for example 20000:00:00 should give 20000:
Table:
if your read the Value of E1:
var total = sheet.getRange("E1").getValue();
Logger.log(total);
The result is:
Sat Apr 12 07:09:21 GMT+00:09 1902
Now I've tried to convert it to a Date object and get the Unix time stamp of it:
var date = new Date(total);
var milsec = date.getTime();
Logger.log(Utilities.formatString("%11.6f",milsec));
var hours = milsec / 1000 / 60 / 60;
Logger.log(hours)
1374127872020.000000
381702.1866722222
The question is how to get the correct value of 20000 ?
Expanding on what Serge did, I wrote some functions that should be a bit easier to read and take into account timezone differences between the spreadsheet and the script.
function getValueAsSeconds(range) {
var value = range.getValue();
// Get the date value in the spreadsheet's timezone.
var spreadsheetTimezone = range.getSheet().getParent().getSpreadsheetTimeZone();
var dateString = Utilities.formatDate(value, spreadsheetTimezone,
'EEE, d MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss');
var date = new Date(dateString);
// Initialize the date of the epoch.
var epoch = new Date('Dec 30, 1899 00:00:00');
// Calculate the number of milliseconds between the epoch and the value.
var diff = date.getTime() - epoch.getTime();
// Convert the milliseconds to seconds and return.
return Math.round(diff / 1000);
}
function getValueAsMinutes(range) {
return getValueAsSeconds(range) / 60;
}
function getValueAsHours(range) {
return getValueAsMinutes(range) / 60;
}
You can use these functions like so:
var range = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSheet().getRange('A1');
Logger.log(getValueAsHours(range));
Needless to say, this is a lot of work to get the number of hours from a range. Please star Issue 402 which is a feature request to have the ability to get the literal string value from a cell.
There are two new functions getDisplayValue() and getDisplayValues() that returns the datetime or anything exactly the way it looks to you on a Spreadsheet. Check out the documentation here
The value you see (Sat Apr 12 07:09:21 GMT+00:09 1902) is the equivalent date in Javascript standard time that is 20000 hours later than ref date.
you should simply remove the spreadsheet reference value from your result to get what you want.
This code does the trick :
function getHours(){
var sh = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSpreadsheet();
var cellValue = sh.getRange('E1').getValue();
var eqDate = new Date(cellValue);// this is the date object corresponding to your cell value in JS standard
Logger.log('Cell Date in JS format '+eqDate)
Logger.log('ref date in JS '+new Date(0,0,0,0,0,0));
var testOnZero = eqDate.getTime();Logger.log('Use this with a cell value = 0 to check the value to use in the next line of code '+testOnZero);
var hours = (eqDate.getTime()+ 2.2091616E12 )/3600000 ; // getTime retrieves the value in milliseconds, 2.2091616E12 is the difference between javascript ref and spreadsheet ref.
Logger.log('Value in hours with offset correction : '+hours); // show result in hours (obtained by dividing by 3600000)
}
note : this code gets only hours , if your going to have minutes and/or seconds then it should be developped to handle that too... let us know if you need it.
EDIT : a word of explanation...
Spreadsheets use a reference date of 12/30/1899 while Javascript is using 01/01/1970, that means there is a difference of 25568 days between both references. All this assuming we use the same time zone in both systems. When we convert a date value in a spreadsheet to a javascript date object the GAS engine automatically adds the difference to keep consistency between dates.
In this case we don't want to know the real date of something but rather an absolute hours value, ie a "duration", so we need to remove the 25568 day offset. This is done using the getTime() method that returns milliseconds counted from the JS reference date, the only thing we have to know is the value in milliseconds of the spreadsheet reference date and substract this value from the actual date object. Then a bit of maths to get hours instead of milliseconds and we're done.
I know this seems a bit complicated and I'm not sure my attempt to explain will really clarify the question but it's always worth trying isn't it ?
Anyway the result is what we needed as long as (as stated in the comments) one adjust the offset value according to the time zone settings of the spreadsheet. It would of course be possible to let the script handle that automatically but it would have make the script more complex, not sure it's really necessary.
For simple spreadsheets you may be able to change your spreadsheet timezone to GMT without daylight saving and use this short conversion function:
function durationToSeconds(value) {
var timezoneName = SpreadsheetApp.getActive().getSpreadsheetTimeZone();
if (timezoneName != "Etc/GMT") {
throw new Error("Timezone must be GMT to handle time durations, found " + timezoneName);
}
return (Number(value) + 2209161600000) / 1000;
}
Eric Koleda's answer is in many ways more general. I wrote this while trying to understand how it handles the corner cases with the spreadsheet timezone, browser timezone and the timezone changes in 1900 in Alaska and Stockholm.
Make a cell somewhere with a duration value of "00:00:00". This cell will be used as a reference. Could be a hidden cell, or a cell in a different sheet with config values. E.g. as below:
then write a function with two parameters - 1) value you want to process, and 2) reference value of "00:00:00". E.g.:
function gethours(val, ref) {
let dv = new Date(val)
let dr = new Date(ref)
return (dv.getTime() - dr.getTime())/(1000*60*60)
}
Since whatever Sheets are doing with the Duration type is exactly the same for both, we can now convert them to Dates and subtract, which gives correct value. In the code example above I used .getTime() which gives number of milliseconds since Jan 1, 1970, ... .
If we tried to compute what is exactly happening to the value, and make corrections, code gets too complicated.
One caveat: if the number of hours is very large say 200,000:00:00 there is substantial fractional value showing up since days/years are not exactly 24hrs/365days (? speculating here). Specifically, 200000:00:00 gives 200,000.16 as a result.