I am currently trying to build a relatively complex application using HTML5 Canvas objects and JS. To efficiently and realistically color areas I want to generate shadow maps based on image masks.
My problem is that the project is highly interactive, and I want to be as efficient as possible - so if anyhow possible I want to stay in one canvas. What I would now like to do is kinda "reset" the pixels taken into consideration for composite operations, so I can draw everything I want to draw onto my canvas, "reset" it (NOT clearing!), draw my mask and draw my shadow map (e. g. using source-in) on top of it.
Is this anyhow possible, or will I have to use a second canvas for this purpose?
Thanks!
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I'm creating a whiteboard application using ASP.NET/JavaScript. HTML5 canvas is my current tool for developing whiteboard features (drawing, text, image, shape ...). How can I save my scene so that I can load it later (and continue drawing)? I've seen a function for saving PNG image of the canvas, is it the only way of saving canvas data? or is there another way that enables me to save canvas data along their semantics, for instance can I save lines, shapes, texts and images drawing on the canvas? what are my options?
A canvas is a rasterised output of the instructions given to it, purely pixel data is stored. If you need to know the steps taken to get there you will need to log them in the javascript you are using to create it in the first place. Otherwise, if it was relatively simple, you could draw each element to stacked / offscreen canvases and export these separately. Obviously this could get expensive depending on the amount you need to do.
There are things like this that 'undo' canvas operations but essentially it's just storing an array of lines and redrawing them all from scratch every time. If you click undo it removes a line from the array, otherwise it adds one. To do what you desire you would need to store an array of operations to be drawn like this from a completely black canvas.
I am developing an editor in html5. I have buttons for creating shapes when clicked, including triangle, rectangle, hexa, penta, heptagons, lines, and so on. Now I also want to perform operations on these shapes such as rotate, flip, undo, redo, ...etc. I want to save these drawn objects in a JavaScript array or something so I can create them after performing operations on the canvas, since individual shapes cannot be rotated or flipped in canvas, we have to redraw it. How can I achieve this? Thanks in advance.
I have a project where if you click on an image of a rectangle you can then draw a rectangle, click on an ellipse then you can draw an ellipse. My shapes are stored as objects which are then drawn using Canvas and can be flipped, rotated etc I have not implemented undo redo.
My project is at http://canvimation.github.com/
The source code for my project is at https://github.com/canvimation/canvimation.github.com
The master branch is the current working code. You are welcome to use any of the code or fork the project.
as you said, you have to clear your context and redraw your shapes any time you change them.
It's not mandatory to clear and redraw all the context, you can just redraw the region in which a shape is modified.
So you have to think your shapes as objects (in a OOP way) with their own properties and render method.
What I'd do is to create another class to apply transformations to a shape (a flip is just a -1 scale).
If you go this way, it could become a huge work (the more features you add, the more complexe your code becomes and the first design of your application may be re-think during the work).
What I can suggest to you is to use a framework that already does the job.
For example, cgSceneGraph is designed to let developers add their own rendering method and provides a lot of methods to manipulate them. I'm the designer of the framework, feel free to ask more on about how to apply transformations or create your own nodes (tutorials and examples are already on the website, but I'll please to help you).
Question:
Is canvas more suitable than svg in the following case?
Case:
I'm drawing a chart (using d3js library) similar to this one (but with much more data):
http://mbostock.github.com/d3/talk/20111116/iris-parallel.html
It's based on an svg and it works fine for several thousands of lines (up to 5000), adding more lines (svg path) decreases the performance dramatically (scrolling in the page becomes slow)
Keep in mind: That I need to add mouse events (which is handy in svg)
Generally svg is better suited for vector images, like in your example. However canvas has a lot of benefits in modern browsers such as hardware acceleration, so for drawing the lines, as long as zooming, panning ect. isn't required performance will be using canvas.
Mouse events can be a pain using canvas, since you have to manually keep track of everything, so with 5000+ points using canvas it wont be fun. The trade off however will be once the points are drawn, assuming you only draw them once the page will behave fine regardless of the number of lines, since they are all drawn to a raster image and aren't part of the DOM.
Honestly though the best way to find it is to test what you currently have using canvas.
When performance becomes a problem, switching to canvas might be an option. In this case you can draw the canvas once. Afterwards it's pretty much treated like an image. Drawing might take some time, but afterwards it can be scaled pretty quickly. Note that it is possible to draw a rendered SVG to a canvas using the context.drawImage method (example). So you could keep your SVG generation code to create an SVG in the background, and then draw it to the canvas.
But keep in mind that it won't scale as beautiful as an SVG as soon as it is on the canvas. When the user zooms in, it will get blurry or pixely, depending on how the browser scales graphics.
Click events on canvas can be handled in two ways. Either keep an array of click targets, and add an onclick event handler to the canvas. When a click occurs, iterate the array and check which one is closest to the click coordinates.
The other option is to use hit regions. These have to be defined as polygonal paths.
+1 to everything said above. I've seen some amazing performance increases when using canvas over SVG and over compositing images using the DOM.
About manipulating the canvas image with mouse events, I imagine the best approach for an image such as you are describing is to abstract it away using a library like the following:
http://paperjs.org
http://kineticjs.com
http://www.createjs.com/#!/EaselJS
Keep your code away from the canvas itself and let a library do the thinking for you.
What I am trying to do is create a game that has an extreme amount of zoom-ability on a canvas element. I would like to make use of the advantage that vector graphics have insofar as being able to be programmatically created at runtime, with the high performance of bitmap images.
What I would like to do is programmatically create the first-frame image of a game "sprite"... this would be a vector image. After the first frame though, I do not want to keep wasting CPU cycles on drawing the image though.. i would like to cache it as a bitmap/high performance image for that zoom level.
Following this, if the user zooms in by >20%, I then redraw the image with a higher level of detail vector image. As above, this vector image would then be cached and optimized.
As you can see here, this would be a pretty basic space ship.. I would first render it programmatically as a vector and then.. raster it I guess? Goal is to avoid wasting CPU.
If the user zooms in...
A new vector image of the same shape would be drawn, albeit with a much higher level of detail. This is basically a Level Of Detail system. In this case as well, after the initial programmatic draw, I would "raster" the image for maximum performance.
Does anyone have ideas on what tools I would need to make this a reality inside of a HTML canvas? (The rest of the game will be running inside of the canvas element..)
Thank you very much for your thoughts.
**Edit: I wanted to add... perhaps the route of rendering an image via SVG (programmatically), then pushing that png file into the canvas using drawimage(), might provide some success? Something similar? Hmm...
Check out that article , but it seems there is no standard method to do what you want and it may fail in IE.
http://svgopen.org/2010/papers/62-From_SVG_to_Canvas_and_Back/#svg_to_canvas
You should perhaps go with an all SVG game , or provide a maximum zooming rate to your game and use big images as sprite assets. it would not have been a problem using flash,but i guess you wont go with flash anyway.
Maybe there is a framework that can translate SVG into a "canvas drawing sequence" but i would not bet on high performances in that case.
I managed to answer my own question.
The way to do this is to first create an SVG file, and then convert it to a PNG file on the client using "canvg". The PNG can be created at different levels of details based on what you want, and in this way you could create a dynamic LOD system.
Flash does something similar automatically by cashing a bitmap image of the SVG file... it's called "pre-rendering". If the SVG isn't scaled or the alpha isn't changed, flash will just use the bitmap instead (much faster then continuously re-rendering the SVG file, in complex cases). Size (and thus detail) of the PNG output can be modified however you like, and so pre-rendering could be done based on events as well.
From this information, I have decided to implement the LOD system such that SVG is used whilst the user is actively zooming (scaling the target "sprite"), and then as the zoom slows down, compute a PNG pre-render. Also, at extremely high levels of zoom, I simply use the SVG, as it is much easier for the CPU to compute SVG's at high resolution, then bitmap images that cover most of the screen. (just take a look at some of the HTML5 icon tests that put lots of icons on the screen... the bigger the icons are, the slower it runs).
Thanks very much to everyone's comments here and I hope that my question/answer has helped someone.
Is there a quick and efficient way to move lots of objects in canvas? Basically if there are around 1000 objects and I want to move all of them at once to emulate scrolling, it is very slow to redraw every single object by calling drawImage() 1000+ times.
Is there anyway to optimize this? I have an example link of the problem (and that's only with 100 objects): http://craftyjs.com/isometric/
Since canvas doesn't provide fast low level bitmap copying it's hard to do stuff in multiple layers and scroll for example the whole background at once and then only render the edges.
So what can you do? In short, nothing. Especially not when scrolling, sure you can do tricks with multiple canvases when you have a more or less static background but for moving objects there are hardly any performance improving tricks.
So, you've go to wait for Hardware Acceleration shipping in all majors browsers, I know this sounds ridiculous but I'm too waiting for that :/
The problem is that the canvas was never designed for game stuff. It was designed as, well, basically some kind of on the fly drawing thing, guess the designers had Photoshop clones in mind, but definitely not games, let alone the fact that there's no fast clear operation proves that, there's not even optimization in place when clearing the whole canvas with the same color.
If the images are already composited, not moving relative to one another, and defined by a rectangular region, then using canvas.drawImage() with a canvas as the first parameter and drawing to a sub-region should be significantly faster than re-drawing all the objects.
You could also just layer multiple canvases and slide the top canvas with the objects in HTML to scroll them.
Edit: Having really looked at your example, it seems to me that it should be implemented similar to Google Maps: create tiles of canvases and slide them left/right on the HTML page; once a canvas has been slid off the screen entirely (for example, off the left edge), move it to the other side (to the right edge) and re-use it for drawing. With this you will only need to re-draw whatever objects overlap the canvases that are moving on the edges.
You can draw all objects on a second, off-screen canvas and then only blit the whole canvas (drawImage() accepts canvas element).
However, if you're targeting desktop browsers, then this shouldn't be necessary. I've implemented tile engine (source) that simply redraws whole scene and naive implementation turned out to be pretty fast.
What I did to solve this problem was I had 10 squares on my screen and I wanted to animate them on a white background. So I drew a white rectangle over the canvas to clear the canvas so the animation would work. Does that make sense?
#Ivo By the way I read on http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/the-canvas-element.html that canvas was made for applications like games because it was a solution to get rid of the dependency on a external engine. Canvas is built in so it's kind of like a flash player built into your browser powered by JavaScript. I think it's fascinating.
You can use tiled rendering.
http://www.gamesfrommars.fr/demojsv2/ (better viewed with Chrome)