I have an ERB document:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script>
scrollDown = function() {
document.body.scrollTop = document.body.scrollHeight;
}
</script>
</head>
<body onload='scrollDown()'>
<div id='2'>
</div>
<div id='target'>
<%=#chat%> <!-- #chat is a variable from my ruby file -->
</div>
<form action="/addChat?n=<%=#name%>" method='post'>
<input name='nchat' type='text' onload='this.focus' autofill='no' style='width:100%;height:10em;vertical-align:top'>
<input type='submit'>
</form>
<a href='/home'>Go home!</a>
</body>
</html>
And I would like to have it so that every half of a second it will do two things. First it needs to move the contents of the <div id="target"> to <div id="2"> then reload the contents of <div id="target"> getting the variable #chat from another route (post \content do ... end).
I am using sinatra and heroku. PLEASE DO NOT ANSWER USING JQUERY. I DO NOT KNOW HOW TO USE JQUERY AND I WOULD LIKE TO UNDERSTAND HOW THE ANSWER WORKS.
I will be happy to add any resources you need to answer this question, and I will try to do so as promptly as possible.
Clarification
Here is my code which has been slightly modified since asking this question (I hope this code clarifies my question). When I enter the loop to move things from <div id="target"> to <div id="2"> into the console in browser (google chrome latest version) it runs fine and moves everything correctly. Here is the loop:
while (document.getElementById('target').childNodes.length > 0) {
document.getElementById("2").appendChild(document.getElementById('target').childNodes[0]);
}
Now my only remaining issue is reloading the content of <div id="target"> from the route in my app file post '/chatContent' do ... return #chat end where #chat is a dynamically changing variable every 0.5 seconds and before reloading each time running the above loop. Here is my current attempt at the reloading with the loop (also most of this is copy paste from various sources, so I don't really understand it):
var refreshDelay = 5000000;
function createRequestObject() {
var ro;
if(navigator.appName == "Microsoft Internet Explorer"){
ro = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
}else{
ro = new XMLHttpRequest();
}
return ro;
}
var http = createRequestObject();
function sndReq() {
while (document.getElementById('target').childNodes.length > 0) {
document.getElementById("2").appendChild(document.getElementById('target').childNodes[0]);
}
http.open('post', '/chatContent?n=<%=#name%>');
http.onreadystatechange = handleResponse;
http.send(null);
}
function handleResponse() {
while (document.getElementById('target').childNodes.length > 0) {
document.getElementById("2").appendChild(document.getElementById('target').childNodes[0]);
}
if(http.readyState == 4){
var response = http.responseText;
document.getElementById('target').innerHTML = response;
setTimeout(sndReq, refreshDelay);
}
}
setTimeout(sndReq, refreshDelay);
</script>
<script>
scrollDown = function() {
document.body.scrollTop = document.body.scrollHeight;
}
function movethings() {
while (document.getElementById('target').childNodes.length > 0) {
document.getElementById("2").appendChild(document.getElementById('target').childNodes[0]);
}
}
Just to clarify, what I am looking for is a replacement for the above code, including 1st) Running the loop to move the contents of <div id="target"> to <div id="2"> then 2nd) reloading <div id='target'>. The order is important.
I hope that this clarification has narrowed the scope of my question. If it has not, please leave a comment about why it is too broad because I do not understand how it is.
Edit 2
In summary, each answer must, in order, do the following:
Move content of <div id="target"> to <div id="2">
Reload <div id="target"> so that it contains the return of my Sinatra route, post "/chatContent"
Related
I want home.html to load in <div id="content">.
<div id="topBar"> HOME </div>
<div id ="content"> </div>
<script>
function load_home(){
document.getElementById("content").innerHTML='<object type="type/html" data="home.html" ></object>';
}
</script>
This works fine when I use Firefox. When I use Google Chrome, it asks for plug-in. How do I get it working in Google Chrome?
I finally found the answer to my problem. The solution is
function load_home() {
document.getElementById("content").innerHTML='<object type="text/html" data="home.html" ></object>';
}
Fetch API
function load_home (e) {
(e || window.event).preventDefault();
fetch("http://www.yoursite.com/home.html" /*, options */)
.then((response) => response.text())
.then((html) => {
document.getElementById("content").innerHTML = html;
})
.catch((error) => {
console.warn(error);
});
}
XHR API
function load_home (e) {
(e || window.event).preventDefault();
var con = document.getElementById('content')
, xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.onreadystatechange = function (e) {
if (xhr.readyState == 4 && xhr.status == 200) {
con.innerHTML = xhr.responseText;
}
}
xhr.open("GET", "http://www.yoursite.com/home.html", true);
xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-type', 'text/html');
xhr.send();
}
based on your constraints you should use ajax and make sure that your javascript is loaded before the markup that calls the load_home() function
Reference - davidwalsh
MDN - Using Fetch
JSFIDDLE demo
You can use the jQuery load function:
<div id="topBar">
HOME
</div>
<div id ="content">
</div>
<script>
$(document).ready( function() {
$("#load_home").on("click", function() {
$("#content").load("content.html");
});
});
</script>
Sorry. Edited for the on click instead of on load.
Fetching HTML the modern Javascript way
This approach makes use of modern Javascript features like async/await and the fetch API. It downloads HTML as text and then feeds it to the innerHTML of your container element.
/**
* #param {String} url - address for the HTML to fetch
* #return {String} the resulting HTML string fragment
*/
async function fetchHtmlAsText(url) {
return await (await fetch(url)).text();
}
// this is your `load_home() function`
async function loadHome() {
const contentDiv = document.getElementById("content");
contentDiv.innerHTML = await fetchHtmlAsText("home.html");
}
The await (await fetch(url)).text() may seem a bit tricky, but it's easy to explain. It has two asynchronous steps and you could rewrite that function like this:
async function fetchHtmlAsText(url) {
const response = await fetch(url);
return await response.text();
}
See the fetch API documentation for more details.
I saw this and thought it looked quite nice so I ran some tests on it.
It may seem like a clean approach, but in terms of performance it is lagging by 50% compared by the time it took to load a page with jQuery load function or using the vanilla javascript approach of XMLHttpRequest which were roughly similar to each other.
I imagine this is because under the hood it gets the page in the exact same fashion but it also has to deal with constructing a whole new HTMLElement object as well.
In summary I suggest using jQuery. The syntax is about as easy to use as it can be and it has a nicely structured call back for you to use. It is also relatively fast. The vanilla approach may be faster by an unnoticeable few milliseconds, but the syntax is confusing. I would only use this in an environment where I didn't have access to jQuery.
Here is the code I used to test - it is fairly rudimentary but the times came back very consistent across multiple tries so I would say precise to around +- 5ms in each case. Tests were run in Chrome from my own home server:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-2.1.4.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="content"></div>
<script>
/**
* Test harness to find out the best method for dynamically loading a
* html page into your app.
*/
var test_times = {};
var test_page = 'testpage.htm';
var content_div = document.getElementById('content');
// TEST 1 = use jQuery to load in testpage.htm and time it.
/*
function test_()
{
var start = new Date().getTime();
$(content_div).load(test_page, function() {
alert(new Date().getTime() - start);
});
}
// 1044
*/
// TEST 2 = use <object> to load in testpage.htm and time it.
/*
function test_()
{
start = new Date().getTime();
content_div.innerHTML = '<object type="text/html" data="' + test_page +
'" onload="alert(new Date().getTime() - start)"></object>'
}
//1579
*/
// TEST 3 = use httpObject to load in testpage.htm and time it.
function test_()
{
var xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = function() {
if (xmlHttp.readyState == 4 && xmlHttp.status == 200)
{
content_div.innerHTML = xmlHttp.responseText;
alert(new Date().getTime() - start);
}
};
start = new Date().getTime();
xmlHttp.open("GET", test_page, true); // true for asynchronous
xmlHttp.send(null);
// 1039
}
// Main - run tests
test_();
</script>
</body>
</html>
try
async function load_home(){
content.innerHTML = await (await fetch('home.html')).text();
}
async function load_home() {
let url = 'https://kamil-kielczewski.github.io/fractals/mandelbulb.html'
content.innerHTML = await (await fetch(url)).text();
}
<div id="topBar"> HOME </div>
<div id="content"> </div>
When using
$("#content").load("content.html");
Then remember that you can not "debug" in chrome locally, because XMLHttpRequest cannot load -- This does NOT mean that it does not work, it just means that you need to test your code on same domain aka. your server
You can use the jQuery :
$("#topBar").on("click",function(){
$("#content").load("content.html");
});
$("button").click(function() {
$("#target_div").load("requesting_page_url.html");
});
or
document.getElementById("target_div").innerHTML='<object type="text/html" data="requesting_page_url.html"></object>';
<script>
var insertHtml = function (selector, argHtml) {
$(document).ready(function(){
$(selector).load(argHtml);
});
var targetElem = document.querySelector(selector);
targetElem.innerHTML = html;
};
var sliderHtml="snippets/slider.html";//url of slider html
var items="snippets/menuItems.html";
insertHtml("#main",sliderHtml);
insertHtml("#main2",items);
</script>
this one worked for me when I tried to add a snippet of HTML to my main.html.
Please don't forget to add ajax in your code
pass class or id as a selector and the link to the HTML snippet as argHtml
There is this plugin on github that load content into an element. Here is the repo
https://github.com/abdi0987/ViaJS
load html form a remote page ( where we have CORS access )
parse the result-html for a specific portion of the page
insert that part of the page in a div on current-page
//load page via jquery-ajax
$.ajax({
url: "https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17636528/how-do-i-load-an-html-page-in-a-div-using-javascript",
context: document.body
}).done(function(data) {
//the previous request fails beceaus we dont have CORS on this url.... just for illlustration...
//get a list of DOM-Nodes
var dom_nodes = $($.parseHTML(data));
//find the question-header
var content = dom_nodes.find('#question-header');
//create a new div and set the question-header as it's content
var newEl = document.createElement("div");
$(newEl).html(content.html());
//on our page, insert it in div with id 'inserthere'
$("[id$='inserthere']").append(newEl);
});
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<p>part-result from other page:</p>
<div id="inserthere"></div>
Use this simple code
<div w3-include-HTML="content.html"></div>
<script>w3.includeHTML();</script>
</body>```
This is usually needed when you want to include header.php or whatever page.
In Javascript it's easy especially if you have HTML page and don't want to use php include function but at all you should write php function and add it as Javascript function in script tag.
In this case you should write it without function followed by name Just. Script rage the function word and start the include header.php
i.e convert the php include function to Javascript function in script tag and place all your content in that included file.
I use jquery, I found it easier
$(function() {
$("#navigation").load("navbar.html");
});
in a separate file and then load javascript file on html page
showhide.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript">
function showHide(switchTextDiv, showHideDiv)
{
var std = document.getElementById(switchTextDiv);
var shd = document.getElementById(showHideDiv);
if (shd.style.display == "block")
{
shd.style.display = "none";
std.innerHTML = "<span style=\"display: block; background-color: yellow\">Show</span>";
}
else
{
if (shd.innerHTML.length <= 0)
{
shd.innerHTML = "<object width=\"100%\" height=\"100%\" type=\"text/html\" data=\"showhide_embedded.html\"></object>";
}
shd.style.display = "block";
std.innerHTML = "<span style=\"display: block; background-color: yellow\">Hide</span>";
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<a id="switchTextDiv1" href="javascript:showHide('switchTextDiv1', 'showHideDiv1')">
<span style="display: block; background-color: yellow">Show</span>
</a>
<div id="showHideDiv1" style="display: none; width: 100%; height: 300px"></div>
</body>
</html>
showhide_embedded.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript">
function load()
{
var ts = document.getElementById("theString");
ts.scrollIntoView(true);
}
</script>
</head>
<body onload="load()">
<pre>
some text 1
some text 2
some text 3
some text 4
some text 5
<span id="theString" style="background-color: yellow">some text 6 highlight</span>
some text 7
some text 8
some text 9
</pre>
</body>
</html>
If your html file resides locally then go for iframe instead of the tag. tags do not work cross-browser, and are mostly used for Flash
For ex : <iframe src="home.html" width="100" height="100"/>
I'm a programming student, I have made this program which uses Ajax to fetch rain.xml which says ("the rain in spain falls mainly on the plain") from the server and then write it into the current page (this part works). But what happens if I want to delete the rain.xml file from the current webpage with another button that says 'Click to remove the extra text'.
I am struggling to understand if Ajax can delete files or not,
or if I would have to use Javascript to do this. Advice appreciated thanks.
<html>
<head>
<style>
#hidereveal
{
margin:auto;
width:90%;
height:auto;
border: 1px black solid;
text-align:center;
}
p
{
text-align:center;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="hidereveal">
<p>this is a test, when you click the button and ajax will add in more data
from the server<button type="button" onclick="loadDoc()">Click to load the
ajax text</button><button type="button" onclick="removeExtratext()">Click to
remove the extra text</button></p>
</div>
<script>
function loadDoc() {
var xhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhttp.onreadystatechange = function() {
if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) {
document.getElementById("hidereveal").innerHTML += this.responseText;
}
};
xhttp.open("GET", "rain.xml", true);
xhttp.send();
}
</script>
<script>
function removeExtratext() {
//????
}
</script>
</body>
Just like you added to the innerHTML of the element "#hidereveal", you can set/overwrite that innerHTML completely with
document.getElementById("hidereveal").innerHTML = "";
If you want to keep something else, then create another div element with a different ID inside of hidereveal, and put the XML there.
<div id="hidereveal">
<div id="xml"></div>
<p>this is a test...</p>
</div>
and use the new element to put the XML in
document.getElementById("xml").innerHTML += this.responseText;
and remove it with the same thing
document.getElementById("xml").innerHTML = "";
Ajax has nothing to do with deleting files. With Ajax you make a request and you will get a response.
This response, you added to your existing HTML element hidereveal with regular Javascript.
document.getElementById("hidereveal").innerHTML += this.responseText;
Now you want to remove this specific content from your element, but you have no way to reference it easily.
So I would suggest, that you wrap your new content in a span like this.
document.getElementById("hidereveal").innerHTML += `<span id="newContent">${this.responseText}</span>`;
Now you have your new content in an element you can reference to and your function removeExtratext can look like this.
function removeExtratext() {
let nc = document.querySelector('#newContent');
nc.parentNode.removeChild(nc);
}
and your new Text is gone.
There are other ways to achieve the same goal as well but I think, this is the easiest way to understand.
I hope I could help.
You dont need to use ajax to change DOM elements. You have used AJAX to get the file and use its contents to change element content with id of "hidereveal".AJAX is just used to GET the data or POST the data to server for example or write to file(and many many more). Just a hint you do not need to create 2 script tags. You can create a file name for example myScripts.js and add a script tag at the end of body.
<body>
.....
<script src="myScripts.js"></script>
</body>
I encourage you to start using javascript event listeners.
document.querySelector('#addContent').addEventListener('click', function loadDoc() {
var xhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhttp.onreadystatechange = function() {
if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) {
document.getElementById("hidereveal").innerHTML += this.responseText;
}
};
xhttp.open("GET", "rain.xml", true);
xhttp.send();
});
document.querySelector('#removeContent').addEventListener('click',function removeExtratext() {
document.getElementById("hidereveal").innerHTML = "";
});
#contentChanger
{
margin:auto;
width:90%;
height:auto;
border: 1px black solid;
text-align:center;
}
p
{
text-align:center;
}
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
</head>
<body>
<div id="contentChanger">
<p>this is a test, when you click the button and ajax will add in more data from the server
<button type="button" id = "addContent">Click to load the ajax text</button>
<button type="button" id = "removeContent">Click to remove the extra text</button>
</p>
</div>
<div id="hidereveal">
come to the dark side, we have cookies!
</div>
<script src='myScripts.js'></script>
</body>
I changed your html because you would also removed buttons from the html. I dont have a rain.xml but delete is working. So give it a try. Hope it helps.
I am very new to coding and am trying to create an app for a study. I am having trouble displaying an element on the correct page of my app using cordova and Xcode. Basically, I want to display a clickable phone number at the end of my app and I am having trouble getting the element to show only on that page (and not on every page of the app). I have figured out how to hide the element, but now I can't get it to appear in the right place. Here is my html code:
<script>
function show(shown, hidden) {
document.getElementById(shown).style.display='block';
document.getElementById(hidden).style.display='none';
return false;
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<!-- HTML Template -->
<body onload="app.initialize()">
<div class="app">
<div id="window">
<div id="question">
</div>
<div id="popup" style="display:none">
Please call any of the below:
Phone System: 800-555-5555
</div>
</body>
</html>
I tried to include the following in my .js file but it did not work:
var $prehashval = "";
function loop()
{
if (location.hash.slice(1)!=$prehashval)
hashChanged();
$prehashval = location.hash.slice(1);
setTimeout("loop()", 100);
}
function hashChanged()
{
var $output;
switch (location.hash.slice(1))
{
case "question":
document.getElementById('question').style.display = "";
document.getElementById('popup').style.display = "none";
break;
case "popup":
document.getElementById('question').style.display = "none";
document.getElementById('popup').style.display = "";
break;
default:
$output = location.hash.slice(1);
}
}
loop();
I also tried adding the following:
$("#popup").hide()
$("#popup").display()
With no luck. Would appreciate any advice! Thank you.
With the help of some friends, I have fixed this problem! I added the following code to the .js file:
if (question.variableName === 'popup') {
$('#popup').show();
Hope this helps someone in the future!
There's something wrong with my script, it doesn't render the JS correctly. I tried to pinpoint the problem but cannot find any typo. If i load the page, the tag is blank, making all css & other JS disabled. But suprisingly the data is loader correctly. If i remove the script, everything went to normal.
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<script src="jquery-1.9.1.js"></script>
<script src="jquery-ui.js"></script>
<script>
// Create a connection to the file.
var Connect = new XMLHttpRequest();
// Define which file to open and
// send the request.
Connect.open("GET", "Customers.xml", false);
Connect.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "text/xml");
Connect.send(null);
// Place the response in an XML document.
var TheDocument = Connect.responseXML;
// Place the root node in an element.
var Customers = TheDocument.childNodes[0];
// Retrieve each customer in turn.
$("#middle").ready( function () {
document.write("<ul class='product'>");
for (var i = 0; i < Customers.children.length; i++)
{
var dul = "wawa"+[i];
//document.getElementById(dul).addEventListener('click', storeData, false);
var Customer = Customers.children[i];
// Access each of the data values.
var Pic = Customer.getElementsByTagName("pic");
var Name = Customer.getElementsByTagName("name");
var Age = Customer.getElementsByTagName("tipe");
var sex = Customer.getElementsByTagName("country");
var checked = window.localStorage.getItem("selected"+i);
// Write the data to the page.
document.write("<li><img href='./pic/");
document.write(Pic[0].textContent.toString());
document.write(".jpg'><a href='display.html?id="+i+"'>");
document.write(Name[0].textContent.toString());
document.write("</a><div class='age'>");
document.write(Age[0].textContent.toString());
document.write("</div><div class='sex'>");
document.write(sex[0].textContent.toString());
document.write("</div><div class='cex'>");
document.write("<input name='checkbox' type='checkbox' id='wawa_"+i+"'");
if (!checked) {
document.write(" onClick='cbChanged(this, "+i+")'");
} else {
document.write("checked onClick='cbChanged(this, "+i+")'");
}
document.write("></div></li>");
}
document.write("</ul>");
});
function cbChanged(checkboxElem, x) {
if (checkboxElem.checked) {
window.localStorage.setItem("selected"+x, x);
alert("That box was checked.");
} else {
window.localStorage.removeItem("selected"+x);
alert("That box was unchecked.");
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="content" id="middle">
</div>
<div class="content" id="footer">
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Ok here's the full source.
You don't close the HTML img tag right
Change
document.write("<li><img href='./pic/");
document.write(Pic[0].textContent.toString());
document.write("'.jpg><a href='display.html?id="+i+"'>");
// ^ this quote
To
document.write("<li><img href='./pic/");
document.write(Pic[0].textContent.toString());
document.write(".jpg'><a href='display.html?id="+i+"'>");
// ^ should be here
If you open the developer console you can usually see where errors like this take place. It will also output and javascript errors that you come across so it will make that part a whole lot easier. Do you have any errors in your console?
The dev consoles are:
Chrome: It is built it.
Firefox: Firebug
Safari: It's built it
EDIT:
Don't do var functionName = function() {..} unless you know about how hoisting works. This is contributing to you problem so change
cbChanged = function(checkboxElem, x) {
if (checkboxElem.checked) {
window.localStorage.setItem("selected"+x, x);
alert("That box was checked.");
} else {
window.localStorage.removeItem("selected"+x);
alert("That box was unchecked.");
}
}
To
function cbChanged(checkboxElem, x) {
if (checkboxElem.checked) {
window.localStorage.setItem("selected"+x, x);
alert("That box was checked.");
} else {
window.localStorage.removeItem("selected"+x);
alert("That box was unchecked.");
}
}
Without the above changes the function cbChanged is not hoisted. So if you call it before it is reached you will get an error.
There are several other things that stand out to me on this. You might want to spend some more time on your javascript fundamentals. Read up on why document.write is a bad thing. Try removing parts of the script to narrow down what is causing the problem. It would have made this easier to fix if you had made a fiddle.
I'm seeing a strange issue with my code below. The content received thru the xmlHttpRequest, is not being displayed in IE8, after clicking the link. It is displayed only after moving the mouse/cursor, after clicking the link.
<html>
<head>
<script language="javascript">
var xmlHttpfunction;
function ShowHint(str,id,currentid,count)
{
for(i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
if (i == currentid)
{
cellImg(i,'images/head_on.jpg');
}
else
{
cellImg(i,'images/btn_img.jpg');
}
}
xmlHttp = GetXmlHttpObject();
if (xmlHttp == null)
{
alert ("Browser does not support HTTP Request");
return;
}
var url = "myurl.php";
url = url+"?id="+id;
xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = stateChanged;
xmlHttp.open("GET",url,true);
xmlHttp.send(null);
}
function cellImg(idCell, imgName)
{
document.getElementById(idCell).style.background = "url(" + imgName + ")";
}
function stateChanged()
{
if (xmlHttp.readyState === 1)
{
document.getElementById("element").innerHTML = "<p align='center'><img src='images/wait.gif'></p>";
}
else if (xmlHttp.readyState === 4)
{
document.getElementById("element").style.display = "block";
document.getElementById("element").innerHTML = xmlHttp.responseText;
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="navigation">
<ul >
<li id=1 >
<a href="#" onclick="ShowHint('menu',42,1,18);return false;">
Item 1
</a>
</li>
<li id=2 >
<a href="#" onclick="ShowHint('menu',11,2,18);return false;">
Item 2
</a>
</li>
<li id=3 >
<a href="#" onclick="ShowHint('menu',12,3,18);return false;">
Item 3
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="element" id="element">
</div>
</body>
</html>
The above works on Firefox, Safari, Chrome and Opera. But on IE8, the content is not displayed (though it is loaded into the innerHTML of the div id="element"), if there is no cursor movement, after clicking the link.
I've tried putting alerts and debugging thru IE8's script debugger (in Tools->DeveloperTools), but could not find whats causing the issue.
Could anyone help me out on this, please ?
Many Thanks,
sgullap
Check to see if perhaps the responseText from the ajax call is starting with a carriage return. I had a similar issue today (which is how I found this question while googling) and discovered that my HTML code accidentally started with a blank line in the target page of the ajax call. Removing that extra line caused the innerHTML to be set correctly and to display.
I'm not sure I understand WHY this caused IE not to display the innerHTML that I assigned to the div, but know now to make doubly sure to avoid blank lines at the top of any HTML output retrieved through ajax!